第十二届“中国软件杯”大赛：A10-基于机器学习的分布式系统故障诊断系统——baseline（一）

赛题介绍

在分布式系统中某个节点发生故障时，故障会沿着分布式系统的拓扑结构进行传播，造成自身节点及其邻接节点相关的KPI指标和发生大量日志异常。本次比赛提供分布式数据库的故障特征数据和标签数据，其中特征数据是系统发生故障时的KPI指标数据，KPI指标包括由feature0、feature1 …feature106共107个指标，标签数据为故障类别数据，共6个类别，用0、1、2、3、4、5分别表示6个故障，参赛人员可根据这些数据，借助机器学习、深度学习、web等技术搭建故障诊断系统，该系统支持用户上传训练集对模型进行训练和模型下载，同时支持用户上传单条或多条测试语句进行测试并可视化测试结果，支持测试结果下载。

baseline: DecisionTree

数据分析

读取数据

df = pd.read_csv('data/train/train.csv', index_col=None)

判断是否有缺失值

df.isnull().any()
'''
output: True即为存在缺失值
sample_id     False
feature0       True
feature1       True
feature2       True
feature3       True
              ...  
feature103     True
feature104     True
feature105    False
feature106     True
label         False
Length: 109, dtype: bool
'''

数据标准化及缺失值填充

# 数据标准化
features = df.iloc[:, 1:-1]
numeric_features = features.dtypes[features.dtypes != 'object'].index
features[numeric_features] = features[numeric_features].apply(
    lambda x: (x - x.mean()) / (x.std())
)
# 在标准化数据之后，所有均值消失，因此我们可以将缺失值设置为0
features[numeric_features] = features[numeric_features].fillna(0)
features_labels = pd.concat([features, df[['label']]], axis=1)
train_features = pd.concat([df[['sample_id']], features], axis=1)
train_label = df[['sample_id', 'label']]
df = pd.concat([train_features, train_label[['label']]], axis=1)

观察数据基本信息

# 观察前五行数据
df.head()

# 数据大小
df.shape
'''
output:
(6296, 109)
'''

df.dtypes
'''
output:
sample_id       int64
feature0      float64
feature1      float64
feature2      float64
feature3      float64
               ...   
feature103    float64
feature104    float64
feature105    float64
feature106    float64
label           int64
Length: 109, dtype: object
'''

# 类别分布
df['label'].value_counts().sort_index().plot(kind='bar')
plt.show()

df['label'].value_counts().sort_index().plot(kind='pie')
plt.show()

features.describe()

# 分组的平均数据统计
label_Summary = features_labels.groupby('label')
label_Summary.mean()

# 相关性矩阵
corr = features_labels.corr()
sns.set_context({'figure.figsize':[100, 100]})
fig = sns.heatmap(corr, 
                xticklabels=corr.columns.values, 
                yticklabels=corr.columns.values)
heatmap = fig.get_figure()
heatmap.savefig('work/heatmap.png', dpi=300)
corr

# 各个特征的概率密度函数
feature_names = features.columns.values.tolist()
for name in feature_names:
    fig = plt.figure(figsize=(15, 4), )
    ax = sns.kdeplot(df.loc[(df['label'] == 0), name], color='b', shade=True, label='0')
    ax = sns.kdeplot(df.loc[(df['label'] == 1), name], color='r', shade=True, label='1')
    ax = sns.kdeplot(df.loc[(df['label'] == 2), name], color='g', shade=True, label='2')
    ax = sns.kdeplot(df.loc[(df['label'] == 3), name], color='y', shade=True, label='3')
    ax = sns.kdeplot(df.loc[(df['label'] == 4), name], color='m', shade=True, label='4')
    ax = sns.kdeplot(df.loc[(df['label'] == 5), name], color='c', shade=True, label='5')
    ax.set(xlabel=name, ylabel='频率')
    plt.title('{} Probabilitydensity function'.format(name))
    plt.savefig('work/{}的概率密度函数图.png'.format(name))

划分数据集

from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split

target_name = 'label'
x = df.drop(['sample_id', 'label'], axis=1)
y = df[['label']]

x_train, x_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(
    x, y, test_size=0.15, random_state=123, stratify=y)

模型训练

from sklearn.tree import DecisionTreeClassifier

# 实例化
dtree = tree.DecisionTreeClassifier(
    criterion='entropy',
    min_weight_fraction_leaf=0.01
)
# train
dtree = dtree.fit(x_train, y_train)

评价指标计算

# 指标计算 参数：array
def metrics_calculate(pred, y_test, txt_path):
    TP = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
    FP = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
    FN = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
    for i in range(len(y_test)):
        if pred[i] == 0 and y_test[i] == 0:
            TP[0] += 1
        if pred[i] != 0 and y_test[i] == 0:
            FN[0] += 1
        if pred[i] == 0 and y_test[i] != 0:
            FP[0] += 1

        if pred[i] == 1 and y_test[i] == 1:
            TP[1] += 1
        if pred[i] != 1 and y_test[i] == 1:
            FN[1] += 1
        if pred[i] == 1 and y_test[i] != 1:
            FP[1] += 1

        if pred[i] == 2 and y_test[i] == 2:
            TP[2] += 1
        if pred[i] != 2 and y_test[i] == 2:
            FN[2] += 1
        if pred[i] == 2 and y_test[i] != 2:
            FP[2] += 1

        if pred[i] == 3 and y_test[i] == 3:
            TP[3] += 1
        if pred[i] != 3 and y_test[i] == 3:
            FN[3] += 1
        if pred[i] == 3 and y_test[i] != 3:
            FP[3] += 1

        if pred[i] == 4 and y_test[i] == 4:
            TP[4] += 1
        if pred[i] != 4 and y_test[i] == 4:
            FN[4] += 1
        if pred[i] == 4 and y_test[i] != 4:
            FP[4] += 1

        if pred[i] == 5 and y_test[i] == 5:
            TP[5] += 1
        if pred[i] != 5 and y_test[i] == 5:
            FN[5] += 1
        if pred[i] == 5 and y_test[i] != 5:
            FP[5] += 1

    Precision = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
    Recall = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
    F1 = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]

    Precision[0] = TP[0] / (TP[0] + FP[0])
    Precision[1] = TP[1] / (TP[1] + FP[1])
    Precision[2] = TP[2] / (TP[2] + FP[2])
    Precision[3] = TP[3] / (TP[3] + FP[3])
    Precision[4] = TP[4] / (TP[4] + FP[4])
    Precision[5] = TP[5] / (TP[5] + FP[5])

    for i in range(6):
        print('Precision: {}\n'.format(Precision[i]))

    Recall[0] = TP[0] / (TP[0] + FN[0])
    Recall[1] = TP[1] / (TP[1] + FN[1])
    Recall[2] = TP[2] / (TP[2] + FN[2])
    Recall[3] = TP[3] / (TP[3] + FN[3])
    Recall[4] = TP[4] / (TP[4] + FN[4])
    Recall[5] = TP[5] / (TP[5] + FN[5])

    for i in range(6):
        print('Recall: {}\n'.format(Recall[i]))

    F1[0] = (2 * Precision[0] * Recall[0]) / (Precision[0] + Recall[0])
    F1[1] = (2 * Precision[1] * Recall[1]) / (Precision[1] + Recall[1])
    F1[2] = (2 * Precision[2] * Recall[2]) / (Precision[2] + Recall[2])
    F1[3] = (2 * Precision[3] * Recall[3]) / (Precision[3] + Recall[3])
    F1[4] = (2 * Precision[4] * Recall[4]) / (Precision[4] + Recall[4])
    F1[5] = (2 * Precision[5] * Recall[5]) / (Precision[5] + Recall[5])

    for i in range(6):
        print('F1: {}\n'.format(F1[i]))

    Macro_Precision = sum([Precision[0], Precision[1], Precision[2],
                            Precision[3], Precision[4], Precision[5]]) / 6
    Macro_Recall = sum([Recall[0], Recall[1], Recall[2],
                        Recall[3], Recall[4], Recall[5]]) / 6
    Macro_F1 = sum([F1[0], F1[1], F1[2], F1[3], F1[4], F1[5]]) / 6

    l_sum = sum([TP[0], TP[1], TP[2], TP[3], TP[4], TP[5]])
    m_sum = l_sum + sum([FP[0], FP[1], FP[2], FP[3], FP[4], FP[5]])
    n_sum = l_sum + sum([FN[0], FN[1], FN[2], FN[3], FN[4], FN[5]])

    Micro_Precision = l_sum / m_sum
    print('Micro_Precision: {}\n'.format(Micro_Precision))
    Micro_Recall = l_sum / n_sum
    print('Micro_Recall: {}\n'.format(Micro_Recall))
    Micro_F1 = (2 * Micro_Precision * Micro_Recall) / (Micro_Precision + Micro_Recall)
    print('Micro_F1: {}\n'.format(Micro_F1))

    f = open(txt_path, 'a', encoding='utf-8')
    for i in range(6):
        f.write('类别{}: '.format(i))
        f.write('\n')
        f.write('Precision: {:.2f}%'.format(Precision[i] * 100))
        f.write('\n')
        f.write('Recall: {:.2f}%'.format(Recall[i] * 100))
        f.write('\n')
        f.write('F1: {:.2f}'.format(F1[i]))
        f.write('\n')
    f.write('Macro_Precision: {:.2f}%'.format(Macro_Precision * 100))
    f.write('\n')
    f.write('Macro_Recall: {:.2f}%'.format(Macro_Recall * 100))
    f.write('\n')
    f.write('Macro_F1: {:.2f}'.format(Macro_F1))
    f.write('\n')
    f.write('Micro_Precision: {:.2f}%'.format(Micro_Precision * 100))
    f.write('\n')
    f.write('Micro_Recall: {:.2f}%'.format(Micro_Recall * 100))
    f.write('\n')
    f.write('Micro_F1: {:.2f}'.format(Micro_F1))
    f.write('\n')
    f.close()

验证模型

# 验证
pred = dtree.predict(x_test)
y_test = y_test.reshape((-1, ))
txt_path = 'work/result_RandomForest.txt'

metrics_calculate(pred, y_test, txt_path)

'''
Precision: 0.8382066276803118

Precision: 0.6823529411764706

Precision: 0.7553956834532374

Precision: 0.7368421052631579

Precision: 0.972972972972973

Precision: 0.8157894736842105

Recall: 0.8829568788501027

Recall: 0.5858585858585859

Recall: 0.6907894736842105

Recall: 0.8433734939759037

Recall: 0.6792452830188679

Recall: 0.8732394366197183

F1: 0.86

F1: 0.6304347826086957

F1: 0.7216494845360826

F1: 0.7865168539325843

F1: 0.7999999999999999

F1: 0.8435374149659864

Micro_Precision: 0.8052910052910053

Micro_Recall: 0.8052910052910053

Micro_F1: 0.8052910052910053
'''