Windows WSL子系统Ubuntu22.04安装Nvidia显卡驱动

最近在研究AI，如果在Linux系统中部署的话需要重装系统，有些麻烦，又不想折腾。所以闲置很久没研究的WSL又拿起来研究了，当然部署ai还需要显卡驱动的支持，就必须先安装显卡驱动。

还没有安装过WSL的童鞋可以看我之前发布的这篇文章

windows11 安装 Linux子系统 WSL及ubuntu22.04

Windows 查看显卡

首先在Windows中查看驱动是否正常，我们可以输入以下

nvidia-smi

命令

C:\Users\anan>nvidia-smi
Tue Jun 20 09:25:10 2023
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 512.36       Driver Version: 512.36       CUDA Version: 11.6     |
|-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| GPU  Name            TCC/WDDM | Bus-Id        Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan  Temp  Perf  Pwr:Usage/Cap|         Memory-Usage | GPU-Util  Compute M. |
|                               |                      |               MIG M. |
|===============================+======================+======================|
|   0  NVIDIA GeForce ... WDDM  | 00000000:01:00.0  On |                  N/A |
| N/A   37C    P0    12W /  N/A |   1307MiB /  4096MiB |      1%      Default |
|                               |                      |                  N/A |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes:                                                                  |
|  GPU   GI   CI        PID   Type   Process name                  GPU Memory |
|        ID   ID                                                   Usage      |
|=============================================================================|
|    0   N/A  N/A      2628    C+G   ...lPanel\SystemSettings.exe    N/A      |
|    0   N/A  N/A      7192    C+G   ...y\ShellExperienceHost.exe    N/A      |
|    0   N/A  N/A      7724    C+G   C:\Windows\System32\dwm.exe     N/A      |
|    0   N/A  N/A      8792    C+G   ...e\PhoneExperienceHost.exe    N/A      |
|    0   N/A  N/A     10328    C+G   ...8bbwe\WindowsTerminal.exe    N/A      |
|    0   N/A  N/A     12020    C+G   ...8bbwe\WindowsTerminal.exe    N/A      |
|    0   N/A  N/A     12344    C+G   ...2txyewy\TextInputHost.exe    N/A      |
|    0   N/A  N/A     15364    C+G   ...CloudMusic\cloudmusic.exe    N/A      |
|    0   N/A  N/A     15468    C+G   ...bbwe\PAD.Console.Host.exe    N/A      |
|    0   N/A  N/A     15756    C+G   ...ysdiag\bin\HipsDaemon.exe    N/A      |
|    0   N/A  N/A     16232    C+G   ...823.51\msedgewebview2.exe    N/A      |
|    0   N/A  N/A     16740    C+G   ...me\Application\chrome.exe    N/A      |
|    0   N/A  N/A     18084    C+G   ...artMenuExperienceHost.exe    N/A      |
|    0   N/A  N/A     18208    C+G   ...text-x64-win\MarkText.exe    N/A      |
|    0   N/A  N/A     18260    C+G   ...ck\app-4.32.127\slack.exe    N/A      |
|    0   N/A  N/A     19064    C+G   ...2gh52qy24etm\Nahimic3.exe    N/A      |
|    0   N/A  N/A     19828    C+G   ...pplication\360ChromeX.exe    N/A      |
|    0   N/A  N/A     20512    C+G   ...d\runtime\WeChatAppEx.exe    N/A      |
|    0   N/A  N/A     20692    C+G   ...n1h2txyewy\SearchHost.exe    N/A      |
|    0   N/A  N/A     20924    C+G   ...8bbwe\Notepad\Notepad.exe    N/A      |
|    0   N/A  N/A     22132    C+G   ...8wekyb3d8bbwe\Cortana.exe    N/A      |
|    0   N/A  N/A     23844    C+G   C:\Windows\explorer.exe         N/A      |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+

进入WSL

搜索通过

bash

或者

wsl

命令启动Ubuntu 22.04子系统

安装Nvidia显卡驱动

输入以下命令进行 Nvidia 驱动的安装

sudoaptinstall nvidia-cuda-toolkit

输入命令后会自动列出需要安装的依赖包，我们只需要输入

Y

回车

linuxitellu@anan: sudoaptinstall nvidia-cuda-toolkit
正在读取软件包列表... 完成
正在分析软件包的依赖关系树... 完成
正在读取状态信息... 完成
将会同时安装下列软件：
  adwaita-icon-theme alsa-topology-conf alsa-ucm-conf at-spi2-core ca-certificates-java cpp-11 dconf-gsettings-backend
  dconf-service fontconfig fontconfig-config fonts-dejavu-core fonts-dejavu-extra g++-11 gcc-11 gcc-11-base
  gsettings-desktop-schemas gtk-update-icon-cache hicolor-icon-theme humanity-icon-theme java-common javascript-common
  libaccinj64-11.5 libasan6 libasound2 libasound2-data libasyncns0 libatk-bridge2.0-0 libatk-wrapper-java
  libatk-wrapper-java-jni libatk1.0-0 libatk1.0-data libatomic1 libatspi2.0-0 libavahi-client3 libavahi-common-data
  libavahi-common3 libbabeltrace1 libboost-regex1.74.0 libc-dev-bin libc-devtools libc6-dev libcairo-gobject2
  libcairo2 libcc1-0 libcrypt-dev libcub-dev libcublas11 libcublaslt11 libcudart11.0 libcufft10 libcufftw10
  libcuinj64-11.5 libcups2 libcupti-dev libcupti-doc libcupti11.5 libcurand10 libcusolver11 libcusolvermg11
  libcusparse11 libdatrie1 libdconf1 libdebuginfod-common libdebuginfod1 libdeflate0 libdouble-conversion3
  libdrm-amdgpu1 libdrm-intel1 libdrm-nouveau2 libdrm-radeon1 libegl-dev libegl-mesa0 libegl1 libflac8 libfontconfig1
  libfontenc1 libfreetype6 libgail-common libgail18 libgbm1 libgcc-11-dev libgd3 libgdk-pixbuf-2.0-0
  libgdk-pixbuf2.0-bin libgdk-pixbuf2.0-common libgif7 libgl-dev libgl1 libgl1-amber-dri libgl1-mesa-dev
  libgl1-mesa-dri libglapi-mesa libgles-dev libgles1 libgles2 libglvnd-core-dev libglvnd-dev libglvnd0 libglx-dev
  libglx-mesa0 libglx0 libgomp1 libgraphite2-3 libgtk2.0-0 libgtk2.0-bin libgtk2.0-common libharfbuzz0b libice6
  libipt2 libisl23 libitm1 libjbig0 libjpeg-turbo8 libjpeg8 libjs-jquery libjs-sphinxdoc libjs-underscore liblcms2-2
  libllvm15 liblsan0 libmpc3 libnppc11 libnppial11 libnppicc11 libnppidei11 libnppif11 libnppig11 libnppim11
  libnppist11 libnppisu11 libnppitc11 libnpps11 libnsl-dev libnvblas11 libnvidia-compute-495 libnvidia-compute-510
  libnvidia-ml-dev libnvjpeg11 libnvrtc-builtins11.5 libnvrtc11.2 libnvtoolsext1 libnvvm4 libogg0 libopengl-dev
  libopengl0 libopus0 libpango-1.0-0 libpangocairo-1.0-0 libpangoft2-1.0-0 libpciaccess0 libpcre2-16-0 libpixman-1-0
  libpthread-stubs0-dev libpulse0 libqt5core5a libqt5dbus5 libqt5network5 libquadmath0 librsvg2-2 librsvg2-common
  libsensors-config libsensors5 libsm6 libsndfile1 libsource-highlight-common libsource-highlight4v5 libstdc++-11-dev
  libtbb-dev libtbb12 libtbbmalloc2 libthai-data libthai0 libthrust-dev libtiff5 libtirpc-dev libtsan0 libubsan1
  libvdpau-dev libvdpau1 libvorbis0a libvorbisenc2 libwayland-client0 libwayland-cursor0 libwayland-egl1
  libwayland-server0 libwebp7 libx11-dev libx11-xcb1 libxau-dev libxaw7 libxcb-dri2-0 libxcb-dri3-0 libxcb-glx0
  libxcb-icccm4 libxcb-image0 libxcb-keysyms1 libxcb-present0 libxcb-randr0 libxcb-render-util0 libxcb-render0
  libxcb-shape0 libxcb-shm0 libxcb-sync1 libxcb-util1 libxcb-xfixes0 libxcb-xinerama0 libxcb-xkb1 libxcb1-dev
  libxcomposite1 libxcursor1 libxdamage1 libxdmcp-dev libxfixes3 libxft2 libxi6 libxinerama1 libxkbcommon-x11-0
  libxkbcommon0 libxkbfile1 libxmu6 libxpm4 libxrandr2 libxrender1 libxshmfence1 libxt6 libxtst6 libxv1 libxxf86dga1
  libxxf86vm1 linux-libc-dev manpages-dev mesa-vdpau-drivers node-html5shiv nsight-compute nsight-compute-target
  nsight-systems nsight-systems-target nvidia-cuda-dev nvidia-cuda-gdb nvidia-cuda-toolkit-doc nvidia-opencl-dev
  nvidia-profiler nvidia-visual-profiler ocl-icd-libopencl1 ocl-icd-opencl-dev opencl-c-headers opencl-clhpp-headers
  openjdk-8-jre openjdk-8-jre-headless qttranslations5-l10n rpcsvc-proto session-migration ubuntu-mono
  vdpau-driver-all x11-common x11-utils x11proto-dev xorg-sgml-doctools xtrans-dev
建议安装：
  gcc-11-locales g++-11-multilib gcc-11-doc gcc-11-multilib default-jre apache2 | lighttpd | httpd libasound2-plugins
  alsa-utils glibc-doc cups-common libgd-tools gvfs liblcms2-utils opus-tools pulseaudio librsvg2-bin lm-sensors
  libstdc++-11-doc libtbb-doc libvdpau-doc libx11-doc libxcb-doc nodejs opencl-clhpp-headers-doc libnss-mdns
  fonts-ipafont-gothic fonts-ipafont-mincho fonts-wqy-microhei fonts-wqy-zenhei fonts-indic libvdpau-va-gl1 mesa-utils
推荐安装：
  libnvcuvid1
下列【新】软件包将被安装：
  adwaita-icon-theme alsa-topology-conf alsa-ucm-conf at-spi2-core ca-certificates-java cpp-11 dconf-gsettings-backend
  dconf-service fontconfig fontconfig-config fonts-dejavu-core fonts-dejavu-extra g++-11 gcc-11 gcc-11-base
  gsettings-desktop-schemas gtk-update-icon-cache hicolor-icon-theme humanity-icon-theme java-common javascript-common
  libaccinj64-11.5 libasan6 libasound2 libasound2-data libasyncns0 libatk-bridge2.0-0 libatk-wrapper-java
  libatk-wrapper-java-jni libatk1.0-0 libatk1.0-data libatomic1 libatspi2.0-0 libavahi-client3 libavahi-common-data
  libavahi-common3 libbabeltrace1 libboost-regex1.74.0 libc-dev-bin libc-devtools libc6-dev libcairo-gobject2
  libcairo2 libcc1-0 libcrypt-dev libcub-dev libcublas11 libcublaslt11 libcudart11.0 libcufft10 libcufftw10
  libcuinj64-11.5 libcups2 libcupti-dev libcupti-doc libcupti11.5 libcurand10 libcusolver11 libcusolvermg11
  libcusparse11 libdatrie1 libdconf1 libdebuginfod-common libdebuginfod1 libdeflate0 libdouble-conversion3
  libdrm-amdgpu1 libdrm-intel1 libdrm-nouveau2 libdrm-radeon1 libegl-dev libegl-mesa0 libegl1 libflac8 libfontconfig1
  libfontenc1 libfreetype6 libgail-common libgail18 libgbm1 libgcc-11-dev libgd3 libgdk-pixbuf-2.0-0
  libgdk-pixbuf2.0-bin libgdk-pixbuf2.0-common libgif7 libgl-dev libgl1 libgl1-amber-dri libgl1-mesa-dev
  libgl1-mesa-dri libglapi-mesa libgles-dev libgles1 libgles2 libglvnd-core-dev libglvnd-dev libglvnd0 libglx-dev
  libglx-mesa0 libglx0 libgomp1 libgraphite2-3 libgtk2.0-0 libgtk2.0-bin libgtk2.0-common libharfbuzz0b libice6
  libipt2 libisl23 libitm1 libjbig0 libjpeg-turbo8 libjpeg8 libjs-jquery libjs-sphinxdoc libjs-underscore liblcms2-2
  libllvm15 liblsan0 libmpc3 libnppc11 libnppial11 libnppicc11 libnppidei11 libnppif11 libnppig11 libnppim11
  libnppist11 libnppisu11 libnppitc11 libnpps11 libnsl-dev libnvblas11 libnvidia-compute-495 libnvidia-compute-510
  libnvidia-ml-dev libnvjpeg11 libnvrtc-builtins11.5 libnvrtc11.2 libnvtoolsext1 libnvvm4 libogg0 libopengl-dev
  libopengl0 libopus0 libpango-1.0-0 libpangocairo-1.0-0 libpangoft2-1.0-0 libpciaccess0 libpcre2-16-0 libpixman-1-0
  libpthread-stubs0-dev libpulse0 libqt5core5a libqt5dbus5 libqt5network5 libquadmath0 librsvg2-2 librsvg2-common
  libsensors-config libsensors5 libsm6 libsndfile1 libsource-highlight-common libsource-highlight4v5 libstdc++-11-dev
  libtbb-dev libtbb12 libtbbmalloc2 libthai-data libthai0 libthrust-dev libtiff5 libtirpc-dev libtsan0 libubsan1
  libvdpau-dev libvdpau1 libvorbis0a libvorbisenc2 libwayland-client0 libwayland-cursor0 libwayland-egl1
  libwayland-server0 libwebp7 libx11-dev libx11-xcb1 libxau-dev libxaw7 libxcb-dri2-0 libxcb-dri3-0 libxcb-glx0
  libxcb-icccm4 libxcb-image0 libxcb-keysyms1 libxcb-present0 libxcb-randr0 libxcb-render-util0 libxcb-render0
  libxcb-shape0 libxcb-shm0 libxcb-sync1 libxcb-util1 libxcb-xfixes0 libxcb-xinerama0 libxcb-xkb1 libxcb1-dev
  libxcomposite1 libxcursor1 libxdamage1 libxdmcp-dev libxfixes3 libxft2 libxi6 libxinerama1 libxkbcommon-x11-0
  libxkbcommon0 libxkbfile1 libxmu6 libxpm4 libxrandr2 libxrender1 libxshmfence1 libxt6 libxtst6 libxv1 libxxf86dga1
  libxxf86vm1 linux-libc-dev manpages-dev mesa-vdpau-drivers node-html5shiv nsight-compute nsight-compute-target
  nsight-systems nsight-systems-target nvidia-cuda-dev nvidia-cuda-gdb nvidia-cuda-toolkit nvidia-cuda-toolkit-doc
  nvidia-opencl-dev nvidia-profiler nvidia-visual-profiler ocl-icd-libopencl1 ocl-icd-opencl-dev opencl-c-headers
  opencl-clhpp-headers openjdk-8-jre openjdk-8-jre-headless qttranslations5-l10n rpcsvc-proto session-migration
  ubuntu-mono vdpau-driver-all x11-common x11-utils x11proto-dev xorg-sgml-doctools xtrans-dev
升级了 0 个软件包，新安装了 260 个软件包，要卸载 0 个软件包，有 0 个软件包未被升级。
需要下载 2,037 MB/2,084 MB 的归档。
解压缩后会消耗 5,780 MB 的额外空间。
您希望继续执行吗？ [Y/n] y

查看确认

安装完毕后用以下命令确认是否成功安装

nvcc -V

在WSL中我们同样用以下命令查看显卡信息

nvidia-smi