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简单的Django项目

1,项目展示

此次项目是一个very简陋的Python web项目,是一个青青草原小羊展示系统,感兴趣的话就看下去叭!项目展示如下:

用户注册:

登录页面:

首页:

详情页(以懒羊羊为例):

修改密码:

表单页面:

2,项目代码

首先创建一个Django项目,不会的可以看我另外一篇社区版PyCharm安装并创建Django项目,不过我后面用vscode进行编辑运行的。但是基本的创建项目的指令都是一样的。

这里我创建一个名为ypro的项目,在其中创建一个sheep应用。

项目结构如下:

打开项目所在文件夹,打开文件夹在与sheep应用同级处新建两个文件夹,一个static文件夹用于存放图片和css文件,templates文件用于后期存放模板,即html文件。

项目创建完成后就需要在settings.py中对项目进行一系列的配置,详情如下:

首先打开settings.py,在其中找到INSTALLED_APPS并把刚刚创建好的应用添加上去。

找到TEMPLATES指定存放模板的templates目录

与此同时还需要配置存放项目所用的静态文件的static目录(注:这里的static文件夹和templates文件夹后期都会用到,可以先配置好)

最后配置数据库,如果选择Django默认数据库的话就不用这一步了,但是我使用的是MySQL数据库。数据库配置如下所示:

然后我们就可以新建模型了!

打开models.py,在其中新建模型类,内容如下:

from django.db import models
class Sheeps(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u"名称")
    degree = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u"喜爱程度")
    sheepdesc = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u"角色描述")
    weight = models.CharField(max_length=100, verbose_name=u"单位")
    imgurl=models.ImageField(upload_to="static/upload/%Y/%m", verbose_name=u"角色图片", max_length=100)
    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u"角色"
        verbose_name_plural = verbose_name
    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

利用python manage.py makemigrations生成迁移文件后利用python manage.py migrate执行迁移文件,这个时候数据库sheep中就会新建很多表,如下图所示:

找到sheep_sheeps,在其中添加最终要在前台展示的羊羊的相关信息,内容如下:

这里唯一需要注意的是imgurl中图片路径的写法。在static中新建了一个upload文件夹用于存储数据库图片。

在views.py中书写视图,其内容如下:

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.core.mail import send_mail
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.contrib.auth import login,logout,authenticate
from random import Random
from django.views import View
from sheep.forms import SheepsForm
from sheep.models import Sheeps

#首页
def index(request):
    allsheeps = Sheeps.objects.all()  # 动态读取
    return render(request, 'list.html', {
        "sheepslist": allsheeps,
    })
#详情
class detailview(View):
    def get(self, request, goods_id):
        sheeps = Sheeps.objects.get(id=int(goods_id))
        return render(request, "detail.html", {
            "sheeps": sheeps,
        })

#登录
def loginView(request):
    if request.method=="POST":
        username=request.POST.get("username")
        password=request.POST.get("password")
        if User.objects.filter(username=username):
            user=authenticate(username=username,password=password)
            if user:
                if user.is_active:
                    login(request,user)
                return render(request,"list.html")
            else:
                msg="用户名密码错误"
        else:
            msg="用户名不存在"
    return render(request,"login.html",locals()) 

#表单
def get_sheeps(request):
    sheeps=Sheeps.objects.all()
    SheepsForm(sheeps)
    return render(request, 'form.html', {"sheeps":sheeps,"form":SheepsForm})

#注册
def regView(request):
    if request.method=="POST":
        username=request.POST.get("username")
        password=request.POST.get("password")
        email=request.POST.get("email")
        if User.objects.filter(username=username):
            msg="用户名已存在"
        else:
          user=User.objects._create_user(username=username,password=password,email=email)
            user.save()
            msg="注册成功"
    return render(request,"register.html",locals())

#退出登录
def logoutView(request):
    logout(request)
    return render(request,"login.html")

#修改密码
def updateView(request):
    if request.method=="POST":
        username=request.POST.get("name")
        password=request.POST.get("password")
        newpassword=request.POST.get("newpassword")
        #先验证用户名是否正确
        if User.objects.filter(username=username):
            #验证旧密码是否正确
            user=authenticate(username=username,password=password)
            user.set_password(newpassword)
            user.save()
            msg="密码修改成功"
        else:
            msg="用户不存在"
    return render(request,"update.html",locals())

在urls.py中配置路由,其内容如下:

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, re_path
from sheep import views
from sheep.views import loginView, regView, logoutView,updateView

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('login/', loginView),#登录
    path('index/', views.index),
    re_path(r'^detail/(?P<goods_id>\d+)/$', views.detailview.as_view(), name="detail"),
    path('form/',views.get_sheeps),
    path('reg/', regView),#注册
    path('logout/', logoutView),#退出登录
    path('update/', updateView),#修改密码
]

在templates文件夹中新建html文件,分别如下:

login.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>用户登录</title>
</head>
<body>
    <style>
        body{
            background: url(../static/sheep/sy.jpeg);
            background-size: cover;
        }
        form{
            width: 500px;
            height: 500px;
            margin: auto;
            position: relative;
            
        }
        input{
          border: 2px solid aliceblue;
          font-size: 4px;
        }
        button{
            /* width: 20px; */
            margin-left: 30%;
            position: absolute;
        }
    </style>
    <div class="bk">
        <form method="POST" action="/index/" class="a">
         {%csrf_token%} 用户名:
         <input type="text" name="username" /><br/> 密 码:<input type="password" name="password" /><br/>
         <button type="submit">登录</button> {{ msg }}
     </form>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

list.html

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8">
    <title>商品列表</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/static/css/reset.css">
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/static/css/main.css">
</head>
<body>
    <style>
        #out{
            left: 80%;
            position: relative;
            font-size: 20px;
            color: cadetblue;
        }
    </style>
    <a id="out"  href="/logout/">退出登录</a>
    <div class="header" style="height:100px"></div>
    <div class="main_wrap clearfix">
        <div class="r_wrap fr clearfix">
            <div class="sort_bar">
                <a href="#" class="active">角色展示</a>
            </div>
            <ul class="goods_type_list clearfix">
                {% for item in sheepslist %}
                <li>
                    <a href="{% url 'detail' item.id %}"><img src="/{{item.imgurl}}"></a>
                    <h4><a href="{% url 'detail' item.id %}">{{item.name}}</a></h4>
                    <div class="operate">
                        <span class="prize">¥{{item.degree}}</span>
                        <span class="unit">{{item.degree}}/{{item.weight}}g</span>
                        <a href="#" class="add_goods" title="加入购物车"></a>
                    </div>
                </li>
                {% endfor %}
            </ul>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="footer" style="height:100px"></div>
</body>
</html>

detail.html

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8">
    <title>商品详情</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/static/css/reset.css">
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/static/css/main.css">
</head>
<body>
    <style>
        img{
            width: 350px;
        }
        #out{
            left: 80%;
            position: relative;
            font-size: 20px;
            color: cadetblue;
        }
    </style>
    <a id="out"  href="/logout/">退出登录</a>
    <div class="header" style="height:100px"></div>
    <div class="goods_detail_con clearfix">
        <div class="goods_detail_pic fl"><img src="/{{sheeps.imgurl}}"/></div>
        <div class="goods_detail_list fr">
            <h3>{{sheeps.name}}</h3>
            <div class="prize_bar">
                <span class="show_pirze">¥<em>{{sheeps.degree}}</em></span>
                <span class="show_unit">重量:{{sheeps.weight}}g</span>
            </div>
            <div class="total">总价:<em>{{sheeps.degree}}</em></div>
            <div class="operate_btn">
                <!-- <a href="javascript:;" class="buy_btn">立即购买</a> -->
                <a href="javascript:;" class="add_cart" id="add_cart">♡ 给他点赞!♡</a>                
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="main_wrap clearfix">
        <div class="l_wrap fl clearfix">
            <div class="new_goods">
                <h3>新人推荐</h3>
                <ul>
                    <li>
                        <a href="#"><img src="/static/sheep/xyy.jpg"></a>
                        <h4><a href="#">喜羊羊</a></h4>
                        <div class="prize">¥99.90</div>
                    </li>
                    <li>
                        <a href="#"><img src="/static/sheep/myy.jpg"></a>
                        <h4><a href="#">美羊羊</a></h4>
                        <div class="prize">¥88.80</div>
                    </li>
                </ul>
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="r_wrap fr clearfix">
            <ul class="detail_tab clearfix">
                <li class="active">角色介绍</li>
            </ul>
            <div class="tab_content">
                <dl>
                    <dt>商品详情:</dt>
                    <dd>{{sheeps.sheepdesc}}</dd>
                </dl>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="fotter" style="height:100px"></div>    
</body>
</html>

register.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>用户注册</title>
</head>
<body>
    <style>
         body{
            background: url(../static/sheep/reg.jpeg);
        } 
         form{
            width: 500px;
            height: 500px;
            margin: auto;
            position: relative;   
        }
        button{
            margin-left: 30%;
            position: absolute;
        }
    </style>
    <form method="POST" action="/reg/">
        {%csrf_token%} 用户名:
        <input type="text" name="username" /><br/>
        密 码:
        <input type="password" name="password" /><br/> 
        <button type="submit">注册</button> {{ msg }}
    </form>
</body>
</html>

update.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>修改密码</title>
</head>
<body>
    <style>
        body{
            background: url(../static/sheep/update.jpeg);
            background-size: cover;
        }
        form{
            width: 500px;
            margin: auto;
        }
    </style>
    <form method="POST" action="/update/">
        {%csrf_token%} 用户名:
        <input type="text" name="username" /><br/> 密码:
        <input type="password" name="password" /><br/> 新密码:
        <input type="password" name="newpassword" /><br/>
        <button type="submit">修改</button> {{ msg }}
    </form>
</body>
</html>

admin后台管理,只需通过python manage.py createsuperuser来创建超级用户,随后在admin.py添加如下内容:

from django.contrib import admin
from sheep.models import Sheeps

class sheepsAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ('name', 'degree','sheepdesc','weight')
    list_editable = ('sheepdesc',)
    search_fields = ('name',) 
admin.site.register(Sheeps,sheepsAdmin)  #将模型注册到admin后台中

将admin后台的文字设置为中文:

表单:

在应用下创建forms.py,其中内容如下:

from django.forms import ModelForm
from sheep.models import Sheeps
class SheepsForm(ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Sheeps
        fields = ['name', 'degree','sheepdesc','weight']

form.html

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8">
    <title>表单</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/static/css/reset.css">
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/static/css/main.css">
</head>
<body>
    <style>
        body{
            background: url(../static/sheep/bk.jpeg);
            background-size: cover;
        }
        #out{
            left: 80%;
            position: relative;
            font-size: 20px;
            color: cadetblue;
        }
    </style> 
    <a id="out"  href="/logout/">退出登录</a>
        {% for item in sheeps %}
    <li>
    {% csrf_token %}
        <label for="name"> 角色名称</label>
        <input type="text" value={{item.name}} id="name">
        <label for="degree">喜爱程度</label>
        <input type="text" value={{item.degree}} id="degree">
        <label for="sheepdesc">角色描述</label>
        <input type="text" value={{item.sheepdesc}} id="sheepdesc">
        <label for="weight">商品重量</label>
        <input type="text" value={{item.weight}} id="weight">
    </li>
        {% endfor %}
</body>
</html>

最后如果有需要项目css的可以关注我的公众号大太阳花花公主,在后台回复sheep即可。

标签: django python

本文转载自: https://blog.csdn.net/m0_61466268/article/details/125321595
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