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Web开发之轮播图

轮播图是媒体组件的一种，支持自定义轮播图片、轮播动画效果等，能够在可视化应用中展示多张图片轮流播放的效果。常用于各种网页中，本文将展示两类轮播图。

一、效果展示

二、文件架构

    轮播图 

            -css

                    -rotation_chart.css

            -less

                    rotation_chart.less

            -js

                    rotation_chart.js

                    rotation_chart1.js

三、代码

1.html框架结构

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>轮播图</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="./css/rotation_chart.css">
    <!-- 字体图标 -->
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="./lib/icommon/style.css">
    <style>
        * {
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
            box-sizing: border-box;
            font-size: 14px;
        }

        li {
            list-style: none;
        }
    </style>
</head>

<body>
    <!-- 轮播图1 -->
    <section class="rotation_chart">
        
        <div class="container">
            <!-- 图片 -->
            <div class="chart_box">
                <ul>
                    <li>
                        <a href="">
                            <img src="./upload/banner01.jpg" alt="">
                        </a>
                    </li>
                    <li>
                        <a href="">
                            <img src="./upload/banner02.jpg" alt="">
                        </a>
                    </li>
                    <li>
                        <a href="">
                            <img src="./upload/banner03.jpg" alt="">
                        </a>
                    </li>
                    <li>
                        <a href="">
                            <img src="./upload/banner04.jpg" alt="">
                        </a>
                    </li>
                    <li>
                        <a href="">
                            <img src="./upload/banner05.jpg" alt="">
                        </a>
                    </li>
                    <li>
                        <a href="">
                            <img src="./upload/banner06.jpg" alt="">
                        </a>
                    </li>
                    <li>
                        <a href="">
                            <img src="./upload/banner07.jpg" alt="">
                        </a>
                    </li>
                    <li>
                        <a href="">
                            <img src="./upload/banner08.jpg" alt="">
                        </a>
                    </li>
                </ul>
            </div>
            <!-- 原点 -->
            <p class="spot">

            </p>
            <!-- 左右键 -->
            <a href="###" class="left_btn btn"></a>
            <a href="###" class="right_btn btn"></a>
        </div>
    </section>
    <!-- 轮播图2 -->
    <section class="rotation_chart1">
        <div class="container">
            <!-- 图片 -->
            <div class="chart_box">
                <ul>
                    <li>
                        <a href="">
                            <img src="./upload/10055.jpg" alt="">
                        </a>
                        <br>
                        <a href="##" style="color:#666;">
                            风靡一时
                        </a> <br>
                        <a href="##" style="color:#ccc;">
                            PSY.P
                        </a>
                    </li>
                    <li>
                        <a href="">
                            <img src="./upload/10056.jpg" alt="">
                        </a>
                        <br>
                        <a href="##" style="color:#666;">
                            风靡一时
                        </a> <br>
                        <a href="##" style="color:#ccc;">
                            PSY.P
                        </a>
                    </li>
                    <li>
                        <a href="">
                            <img src="./upload/10057.jpg" alt="">
                        </a>
                        <br>
                        <a href="##" style="color:#666;">
                            风靡一时
                        </a> <br>
                        <a href="##" style="color:#ccc;">
                            PSY.P
                        </a>
                    </li>
                    <li>
                        <a href="">
                            <img src="./upload/10058.jpg" alt="">
                        </a>
                        <br>
                        <a href="##" style="color:#666;">
                            风靡一时
                        </a> <br>
                        <a href="##" style="color:#ccc;">
                            PSY.P
                        </a>
                    </li>
                    <li>
                        <a href="">
                            <img src="./upload/10059.jpg" alt="">
                        </a>
                        <br>
                        <a href="##" style="color:#666;">
                            风靡一时
                        </a> <br>
                        <a href="##" style="color:#ccc;">
                            PSY.P
                        </a>
                    </li>
                    <li>
                        <a href="">
                            <img src="./upload/10060.jpg" alt="">
                        </a>
                        <br>
                        <a href="##" style="color:#666;">
                            风靡一时
                        </a> <br>
                        <a href="##" style="color:#ccc;">
                            PSY.P
                        </a>
                    </li>
                    <li>
                        <a href="">
                            <img src="./upload/10062.jpg" alt="">
                        </a>
                        <br>
                        <a href="##" style="color:#666;">
                            风靡一时
                        </a> <br>
                        <a href="##" style="color:#ccc;">
                            PSY.P
                        </a>
                    </li>
                    <li>
                        <a href="">
                            <img src="./upload/10063.jpg" alt="">
                        </a>
                        <br>
                        <a href="##" style="color:#666;">
                            风靡一时
                        </a> <br>
                        <a href="##" style="color:#ccc;">
                            PSY.P
                        </a>
                    </li>
                    <li>
                        <a href="">
                            <img src="./upload/10064.jpg" alt="">
                        </a>
                        <br>
                        <a href="##" style="color:#666;">
                            风靡一时
                        </a> <br>
                        <a href="##" style="color:#ccc;">
                            PSY.P
                        </a>
                    </li>
                    <li>
                        <a href="">
                            <img src="./upload/10065.jpg" alt="">
                        </a>
                        <br>
                        <a href="##" style="color:#666;">
                            风靡一时
                        </a> <br>
                        <a href="##" style="color:#ccc;">
                            PSY.P
                        </a>
                    </li>
                    
                </ul>
            </div>
            <!-- 左右键 -->
            <a href="###" class="left_btn btn"></a>
            <a href="###" class="right_btn btn"></a>
        </div>

    </section>
</body>
<script src="./js/rotation_chart.js"></script>
<script src="./js/rotation_chart1.js"></script>
</html>

注：里面有字体图标，需要手动修改，位置在左右键处

2.css装饰

rotation_chart.less，此处为less文件，在该文件里可以清晰的浏览结构以及方便的修改代码，也可直接使用下面的css文件

.rotation_chart {
    height: 420px;
    background: url("../upload/bg01.jpg");
    background-size: 6000px;

    .container {
        position: relative;
        width: 1080px;
        height: 420px;
        margin: 0 auto;

        .chart_box {
            overflow: hidden;
            position: relative;
            width: 1080px;
            height: 420px;

            ul {
                display: flex;
                position: absolute;
                left: 0;
                width: 1000%;
            }
        }

        .spot {
            position: absolute;
            left: 50%;
            bottom: 10px;
            transform: translateX(-50%);

            i {
                cursor: pointer;
                display: inline-block;
                width: 6px;
                height: 6px;
                margin-right: 20px;
                background-color: #ccc;
                border-radius: 50%;
                font-size: 0px;
            }
        }

        .btn {
            position: absolute;
            top: 50%;
            transform: translateY(-50%);
            display: inline-block;
            width: 37px;
            height: 63px;
            font-family: 'icomoon';
            font-size: 45px;
            color: #ccc;
            line-height: 63px;
            font-weight: 400;
        }

        .left_btn {
            display: none;
            left: 0px;
        }

        .right_btn {
            display: none;
            right: 0;
        }

        &:hover .right_btn,
        &:hover .left_btn {
            display: block;
        }
    }
}

.rotation_chart1 {
    position: relative;
    width: 729px;
    height: 186px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    margin-top: 20px;
    background-color: #F5F5F5;
    border: 1px solid #ccc;

    .container {
        position: relative;

        .chart_box {
            position: relative;
            overflow: hidden;
            width: 645px;
            height: 186px;
            margin: 0 auto;
            margin-top: 25px;

            ul {
                position: absolute;
                left: 0px;
                display: flex;
                height: 150px;

                li {
                    width: 120px;
                    height: 100px;
                    padding-right: 20px;
                    margin-right: 10px;
                    background: url("../img/精灵图/10023.png") no-repeat 0 -569px;

                    img {
                        width: 100px;
                    }
                }
            }

        }

        .btn {
            position: absolute;
            top: 40%;
            transform: translateY(-50%);
            display: inline-block;
            width: 37px;
            height: 63px;
            font-family: 'icomoon';
            font-size: 45px;
            color: #ccc;
            line-height: 63px;
            font-weight: 400;

        }

        .left_btn {
            left: 0;
        }

        .right_btn {
            right: 0;
        }
    }

}

rotation_chart.css 

.rotation_chart {
  height: 420px;
  background: url("../upload/bg01.jpg");
  background-size: 6000px;
}
.rotation_chart .container {
  position: relative;
  width: 1080px;
  height: 420px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}
.rotation_chart .container .chart_box {
  overflow: hidden;
  position: relative;
  width: 1080px;
  height: 420px;
}
.rotation_chart .container .chart_box ul {
  display: flex;
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  width: 1000%;
}
.rotation_chart .container .spot {
  position: absolute;
  left: 50%;
  bottom: 10px;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
}
.rotation_chart .container .spot i {
  cursor: pointer;
  display: inline-block;
  width: 6px;
  height: 6px;
  margin-right: 20px;
  background-color: #ccc;
  border-radius: 50%;
  font-size: 0px;
}
.rotation_chart .container .btn {
  position: absolute;
  top: 50%;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
  display: inline-block;
  width: 37px;
  height: 63px;
  font-family: 'icomoon';
  font-size: 45px;
  color: #ccc;
  line-height: 63px;
  font-weight: 400;
}
.rotation_chart .container .left_btn {
  display: none;
  left: 0px;
}
.rotation_chart .container .right_btn {
  display: none;
  right: 0;
}
.rotation_chart .container:hover .right_btn,
.rotation_chart .container:hover .left_btn {
  display: block;
}
.rotation_chart1 {
  position: relative;
  width: 729px;
  height: 186px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  margin-top: 20px;
  background-color: #F5F5F5;
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
}
.rotation_chart1 .container {
  position: relative;
}
.rotation_chart1 .container .chart_box {
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  width: 645px;
  height: 186px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  margin-top: 25px;
}
.rotation_chart1 .container .chart_box ul {
  position: absolute;
  left: 0px;
  display: flex;
  height: 150px;
}
.rotation_chart1 .container .chart_box ul li {
  width: 120px;
  height: 100px;
  padding-right: 20px;
  margin-right: 10px;
  background: url("../img/精灵图/10023.png") no-repeat 0 -569px;
}
.rotation_chart1 .container .chart_box ul li img {
  width: 100px;
}
.rotation_chart1 .container .btn {
  position: absolute;
  top: 40%;
  transform: translateY(-50%);
  display: inline-block;
  width: 37px;
  height: 63px;
  font-family: 'icomoon';
  font-size: 45px;
  color: #ccc;
  line-height: 63px;
  font-weight: 400;
}
.rotation_chart1 .container .left_btn {
  left: 0;
}
.rotation_chart1 .container .right_btn {
  right: 0;
}

3.js动态效果

//为防止出现错误，将js部分分为两个

rotation_chart.js

//元素
var rotation_chart = document.querySelector(".rotation_chart");
var chart_box = rotation_chart.querySelector(".chart_box")
var ul = chart_box.querySelector("ul")
var spot = rotation_chart.querySelector(".spot");
//按钮-
var left_btn = rotation_chart.querySelector(".left_btn");
var right_btn = rotation_chart.querySelector(".right_btn");
//数据
var banner_width = 1080;
var flag = 1;//轮播图
var flag1 = 0;//控制点
var timer = null;
var url = "/04-网易云音乐/"

//事件
//.轮播图1
timer = setInterval(function () {
    right_btn.click()
}, 2000)

// .鼠标停留
chart_box.addEventListener("mouseover", function () {

    clearInterval(timer)
})
chart_box.addEventListener("mouseout", function () {
    timer = setInterval(function () {
        right_btn.click()
    }, 2000)
})
//.右键
right_btn.addEventListener("click", function () {
    if (flag == ul.children.length - 1) {
        ul.style.left = -730 + "px"
        flag = 1;

    }

    flag++;

    animate(ul, -flag * banner_width);
    //背景
    if (flag == 9) {
        // 这里容易因路径问题而出现错误，因此要查看缺少的部分，手动添加
        rotation_chart.style.background = `url("..${url}upload/bg0${1}.jpg")`;
    }
    else {
        rotation_chart.style.background = `url("..${url}upload/bg0${flag}.jpg")`;

    }
    //同步点操作
    flag1++;
    if (flag1 == ul.children.length - 2) {
        flag1 = 0;
    }
    for (let index = 0; index < spot.children.length; index++) {
        spot.children[index].style.backgroundColor = "#ccc";
    }
    spot.children[flag1].style.backgroundColor = "#C20C0C";
})
left_btn.addEventListener("click", function () {
    if (flag == 0) {
        ul.style.left = -730 * (ul.children.length - 2) + "px"
        flag = (ul.children.length - 2)
    }
    flag--;
    animate(ul, -flag * banner_width);
    rotation_chart.style.background = `url("../upload/bg0${flag}.jpg")`;
    //同步点操作
    flag1--;
    if (flag1 < 0) {
        flag1 = ul.children.length - 3;
    }
    for (let index = 0; index < spot.children.length; index++) {
        spot.children[index].style.backgroundColor = "#ccc";
    }
    spot.children[flag1].style.backgroundColor = "#C20C0C";

})
//函数
//.创建圆点

function createSpot() {
    // eleCope()
    for (let index = 0; index < ul.children.length; index++) {
        var i = document.createElement("i");
        i.setAttribute("index", index);
        if (index == 0) {
            i.style.backgroundColor = "#C20C0C";
        }
        i.innerHTML = index;
        //添加事件
        i.addEventListener("click", function () {

            for (let index = 0; index < spot.children.length; index++) {
                spot.children[index].style.backgroundColor = "#ccc";
            }
            this.style.backgroundColor = "#C20C0C";
            var index = parseInt(this.getAttribute("index")) + 1;
            flag1 = index - 1;
            flag = index;
            //banner滚动
            animate(ul, -index * banner_width)
            // ul.style.left = -flag * banner_width + "px";
            //背景更换
            rotation_chart.style.background = 'url("../upload/bg02.jpg")';

        })
        spot.appendChild(i);
    }

    eleCope()
}
createSpot()

//.添加banner图片，进行过渡
function eleCope() {
    var len = ul.children.length;
    var a0 = ul.children[0].cloneNode(true);
    var a1 = ul.children[len - 1].cloneNode(true);
    ul.appendChild(a0);
    ul.insertBefore(a1, ul.children[0]);
    ul.style.left = -1 * banner_width + "px"
}

//缓动动画
function animate(obj, target, callback) {
    clearInterval(obj.timer);
    obj.timer = setInterval(function () {
        var step = (target - obj.offsetLeft) / 10;
        step = step > 0 ? Math.ceil(step) : Math.floor(step);
        if (obj.offsetLeft == target) {
            clearInterval(obj.timer);
            if (callback) {
                callback()
            }
        }
        obj.style.left = obj.offsetLeft + step + "px";
    }, 15)
}

rotation_chart1.js

//元素
//因为以下名称rotation_chart.js文件已用，为防止bug，在名称后加了1；
var rotation_chart1 = document.querySelector(".rotation_chart1");
var chart_box1 = rotation_chart1.querySelector(".chart_box")
var ul1 = chart_box1.querySelector("ul")

//按钮-
var left_btn1 = rotation_chart1.querySelector(".left_btn");
var right_btn1 = rotation_chart1.querySelector(".right_btn");
//数据
var shownum = 5
var showWidth = 645;
var flag3 = 1;

var timer1 = null;
//事件
timer1 = setInterval(function(){
    right_btn1.click()
},2000);
// .鼠标停留
rotation_chart1.addEventListener("mouseover", function () {

    clearInterval(timer1)
})
rotation_chart1.addEventListener("mouseout", function () {
    timer1 = setInterval(function () {
        right_btn1.click()
    }, 2000);
})
right_btn1.addEventListener("click",function(){
    if (flag3 == (ul1.children.length /shownum)-1) {
        flag3 =1;
        ul1.style.left = -showWidth * flag3 + "px";
    }
    flag3 ++;
    animate(ul1, -showWidth * flag3)
    
    
    
})
left_btn1.addEventListener("click", function () {
    if (flag3 == 0) {
        flag3 = (ul1.children.length / shownum) - 2;
        ul1.style.left = -showWidth * flag3 + "px";
    }
    flag3--;
    animate(ul1, -showWidth * flag3)

})
//函数
//.添加图片，进行过渡
function eleCope1() {
    var len = ul1.children.length;
    var arr = ul1.children;
    var html = '';
    var html1="";
    for (let index = 0; index < len; index++) {
        if (index < shownum) {
            
            html += `
                <li>
                        <a href="">
                            <img src="${arr[index].querySelector("img").src}" alt="">
                        </a>
                        <br>
                        <a href="##" style="color:#666;">
                            ${arr[index].querySelectorAll("a")[1].innerHTML}
                        </a> <br>
                        <a href="##" style="color:#ccc;">
                            ${arr[index].querySelectorAll("a")[2].innerHTML}
                        </a>
                    </li>
            `
        } else if (index >(len-1-shownum)){
            html1 += `
                <li>
                        <a href="">
                            <img src="${arr[index].querySelector("img").src}" alt="">
                        </a>
                        <br>
                        <a href="##" style="color:#666;">
                            ${arr[index].querySelectorAll("a")[1].innerHTML}
                        </a> <br>
                        <a href="##" style="color:#ccc;">
                            ${arr[index].querySelectorAll("a")[2].innerHTML}
                        </a>
                    </li>
            `
        }
        
    }
    ul1.insertAdjacentHTML("afterbegin", html1);
    ul1.insertAdjacentHTML("beforeend", html);
    ul1.style.left = -1 * showWidth + "px"
    // var a0 = ul.children[0].cloneNode(true);
    // var a1 = ul.children[len - 1].cloneNode(true);
    // ul.appendChild(a0);
    // ul.insertBefore(a1, ul.children[0]);
    // ul.style.left = -1 * banner_width + "px"
}
eleCope1()
//缓动动画
function animate(obj, target, callback) {
    clearInterval(obj.timer);
    obj.timer = setInterval(function () {
        var step = (target - obj.offsetLeft) / 10;
        step = step > 0 ? Math.ceil(step) : Math.floor(step);
        if (obj.offsetLeft == target) {
            clearInterval(obj.timer);
            if (callback) {
                callback()
            }
        }
        obj.style.left = obj.offsetLeft + step + "px";
    }, 15)
}

此项目文件是仅供学习参考。若需要具体文件，可以联系作者本人，谢谢浏览！

标签： javascript css less
本文转载自: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_58487644/article/details/126805131
版权归原作者 墨非墨Lg 所有， 如有侵权，请联系我们删除。
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