目录
1 背景
前面文章CppTest实战演示中讲述如何使用CppTest库。其主函数如下:
intmain(int argc,char*argv[]){
Test::Suite mainSuite;
Test::TextOutput output(Test::TextOutput::Verbose);
mainSuite.add(std::unique_ptr<Test::Suite>(new SeesionSuite));
mainSuite.run(output,true);return0;}
以上代码有一点不好,就是每增加一个测试Suite就需要在main函数中调用mainSuite.add增加用例。有没有办法测试Suite自动添加,不需要修改main函数。下面讲述的测试框架可以解决这个问题。
2 设计
首先设计类TestApp,该类是单例模式,可以添加测试Suite,其次AutoAddSuite是一模板类在其构造函数中自动添加测试Suite.
其类图如下:
类定义如下:
classTestApp{
Test::Suite mainSuite_;TestApp();public:static TestApp&Instance();voidaddSuite(Test::Suite * suite);intrun(int argc,char*argv[]);};#definetheTestAppTestApp::Instance()template<typenameSuite>classAutoAddSuite{
Suite* suite;public:AutoAddSuite():suite(newSuite()){
theTestApp.addSuite(suite);}};#defineADD_SUITE(Type) AutoAddSuite<Type> add##Type
说明:
- TestApp类型是单例类,提高增加Suite接口和run接口
- AutoAddSuite是一个自动添加Suite的模板类型
- 宏ADD_SUITE定义了AutoAddSuite对象,用于自动添加。
3 实现
#include"testapp.h"#include<iostream>#include<cstring>#include<cstdio>namespace{voidusage(){
std::cout <<"usage: test [MODE]\n"<<"where MODE may be one of:\n"<<" --compiler\n"<<" --html\n"<<" --text-terse (default)\n"<<" --text-verbose\n";exit(0);}
std::unique_ptr<Test::Output>cmdline(int argc,char* argv[]){if(argc >2)usage();// will not return
Test::Output* output =0;if(argc ==1)
output =newTest::TextOutput(Test::TextOutput::Verbose);else{constchar* arg = argv[1];if(strcmp(arg,"--compiler")==0)
output =new Test::CompilerOutput;elseif(strcmp(arg,"--html")==0)
output =new Test::HtmlOutput;elseif(strcmp(arg,"--text-terse")==0)
output =newTest::TextOutput(Test::TextOutput::Terse);elseif(strcmp(arg,"--text-verbose")==0)
output =newTest::TextOutput(Test::TextOutput::Verbose);else{
std::cout <<"invalid commandline argument: "<< arg << std::endl;usage();// will not return}}return std::unique_ptr<Test::Output>(output);}}
TestApp &TestApp::Instance(){static TestApp theApp;return theApp;}TestApp::TestApp(){}voidTestApp::addSuite(Test::Suite * suite){
mainSuite_.add(std::unique_ptr<Test::Suite>(suite));}intTestApp::run(int argc,char*argv[]){try{
std::unique_ptr<Test::Output>output(cmdline(argc, argv));
mainSuite_.run(*output,true);
Test::HtmlOutput*const html =dynamic_cast<Test::HtmlOutput*>(output.get());if(html)
html->generate(std::cout,true, argv[0]);}catch(...){
std::cout <<"unexpected exception encountered\n";return EXIT_FAILURE;}return EXIT_SUCCESS;}
说明:
- Instance 返回一个单例引用
- addSuite 增加Suite到mainSuite_
- run - 首先根据命令行返回Test::Output- 然后调用mainSuite_运行测试用例- 最后如果类型是Output是Test::HtmlOutput类型,则将结果输出到标准输出std::cout.
4 使用
4.1 主函数
#include"testapp.h"intmain(int argc,char*argv[]){try{
theTestApp.run(argc, argv);}catch(const std::exception& e){
std::cerr << e.what()<<'\n';}return0;}
主函数很简单,不再详述。
4.2 测试用例
这里使用C++标准库中std::mutex作为测试示例.
4.2.1 定义
#ifndefMUTEX_TEST_H#defineMUTEX_TEST_H#include<cpptest/cpptest.h>classMutexSuite:public Test::Suite{public:MutexSuite(){TEST_ADD(MutexSuite::construct)TEST_ADD(MutexSuite::lock)TEST_ADD(MutexSuite::try_lock)TEST_ADD(MutexSuite::unlock)}voidconstruct();voidlock();voidtry_lock();voidunlock();};#endif
说明:
- cpptest库标准使用,不再详述。
4.2.2 实现
#include"mutex_test.h"#include"testapp.h"#include<thread>#include<mutex>ADD_SUITE(MutexSuite);voidaddCount(std::mutex & mutex,int& count){
mutex.lock();
count++;
mutex.unlock();}voidMutexSuite::construct(){
std::mutex muxtex;int count =0;
std::thread threads[10];for(int i =0; i <10; i++)
threads[i]= std::thread(addCount, std::ref(muxtex), std::ref(count));for(auto&thread : threads)
thread.join();TEST_ASSERT_EQUALS(10, count)}voidMutexSuite::lock(){
std::mutex muxtex;int count =10;
std::thread threads[10];for(int i =0; i <10; i++)
threads[i]= std::thread(addCount, std::ref(muxtex), std::ref(count));for(auto&thread : threads)
thread.join();TEST_ASSERT_EQUALS(20, count)}structFunction{volatileint counter =0;voidadd_10k_count(std::mutex & muxtex){for(int i =0; i <10000; i++){if(muxtex.try_lock()){++counter;
muxtex.unlock();}}}};voidMutexSuite::try_lock(){
std::mutex muxtex;
Function function;
std::thread threads[10];for(int i =0; i <10; i++)
threads[i]= std::thread(&Function::add_10k_count, std::ref(function), std::ref(muxtex));for(auto&thread : threads)
thread.join();TEST_ASSERT_EQUALS(true, function.counter <(10*10000))
std::cerr <<"function.counter: "<< function.counter << std::endl;}voidMutexSuite::unlock(){
std::mutex muxtex;int count =20;
std::thread threads[10];for(int i =0; i <10; i++)
threads[i]= std::thread(addCount, std::ref(muxtex), std::ref(count));for(auto&thread : threads)
thread.join();TEST_ASSERT_EQUALS(30, count)}
说明:
- 重点说明下文件头部宏ADD_SUITE的使用,如下所示传递给ADD_SUITE的参数正是MutexSuite,通过该定义,将MutexSuite自动添加到TestApp实例中,不需要修改main函数.
ADD_SUITE(MutexSuite);
4.3 运行
$ testapp --html
说明:
- testapp是编译出的可执行文件
- 参数–html 说明测试报告按网页格式输出.
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