Kubernetes Dashboard部署安装

Dashboard

dashboard 仪表盘--》理解为图形界面展示各种数据--》web界面显示各种图表

跟grafana差不多

官方文档：部署和访问 Kubernetes 仪表板（Dashboard） | Kubernetes

参考文档：(120条消息) K8S 安装 Dashboard_k8s 安装dashboard_tom.ma的博客-CSDN博客

扩展：

kuboard也是一个k8s的仪表盘，可以看到k8s里的资源对象的信息

参考文章：安装 Kuboard v3 - kubernetes | Kuboard

k8s部署promethes

**参考文章： **

Kubernetes运维之使用Prometheus全方位监控K8S_51CTO博客_prometheus如何监控k8s

K8S 安装 Dashboard

1、在 master 节点执行

1.1、下载recommended.yaml（可能需要翻墙才能下载）

[root@master ~]# wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.7.0/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml
--2023-07-13 22:30:50--  https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v2.7.0/aio/deploy/recommended.yaml
正在解析主机 raw.githubusercontent.com (raw.githubusercontent.com)... 185.199.108.133, 185.199.110.133, 185.199.111.133, ...
正在连接 raw.githubusercontent.com (raw.githubusercontent.com)|185.199.108.133|:443... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度：7621 (7.4K) [text/plain]
正在保存至: “recommended.yaml”

100%[===================================================================================================================================================>] 7,621       28.4KB/s 用时 0.3s   

2023-07-13 22:30:52 (28.4 KB/s) - 已保存 “recommended.yaml” [7621/7621])

[root@master ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  recommended.yaml
[root@master ~]# 

1.2、创建 pod

[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f recommended.yaml
namespace/kubernetes-dashboard created
serviceaccount/kubernetes-dashboard created
service/kubernetes-dashboard created
secret/kubernetes-dashboard-certs created
secret/kubernetes-dashboard-csrf created
secret/kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder created
configmap/kubernetes-dashboard-settings created
role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
deployment.apps/kubernetes-dashboard created
service/dashboard-metrics-scraper created
deployment.apps/dashboard-metrics-scraper created
[root@master ~]# 

2、查看dashboard是否成功创建

[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods --all-namespaces
NAMESPACE              NAME                                         READY   STATUS              RESTARTS   AGE
default                php-apache-779bc4fcc9-4ct7p                  1/1     Running             0          20m
kube-flannel           kube-flannel-ds-6swk8                        1/1     Running             0          22m
kube-flannel           kube-flannel-ds-dvpv4                        1/1     Running             0          22m
kube-flannel           kube-flannel-ds-kl2nd                        1/1     Running             0          22m
kube-flannel           kube-flannel-ds-t5lxb                        1/1     Running             0          22m
kube-system            coredns-6d8c4cb4d-h5n8s                      1/1     Running             0          24m
kube-system            coredns-6d8c4cb4d-vttkv                      1/1     Running             0          24m
kube-system            etcd-master                                  1/1     Running             64         24m
kube-system            kube-apiserver-master                        1/1     Running             70         24m
kube-system            kube-controller-manager-master               1/1     Running             28         24m
kube-system            kube-proxy-6b6x6                             1/1     Running             0          24m
kube-system            kube-proxy-bdlf2                             1/1     Running             0          24m
kube-system            kube-proxy-m88cm                             1/1     Running             0          24m
kube-system            kube-proxy-ws5mn                             1/1     Running             0          24m
kube-system            kube-scheduler-master                        1/1     Running             24         24m
kubernetes-dashboard   dashboard-metrics-scraper-6f669b9c9b-8mssp   1/1     Running             0          86s
kubernetes-dashboard   kubernetes-dashboard-758765f476-8dxfm        0/1     ContainerCreating   0          86s
[root@master ~]# 

3、 删除现有的dashboard服务，dashboard 服务的 namespace 是 kubernetes-dashboard，但是该服务的类型是ClusterIP（只能本机访问，不能外网访问），不便于我们通过浏览器访问，因此需要改成NodePort（发布出去）型的

3.1、查看现有的所有服务，并删除kubernetes-dashboard的服务

[root@master ~]# kubectl get svc --all-namespaces
NAMESPACE              NAME                        TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)                  AGE
default                kubernetes                  ClusterIP   10.0.0.1        <none>        443/TCP                  26m
default                php-apache                  ClusterIP   10.13.85.102    <none>        80/TCP                   21m
kube-system            kube-dns                    ClusterIP   10.0.0.10       <none>        53/UDP,53/TCP,9153/TCP   26m
kubernetes-dashboard   dashboard-metrics-scraper   ClusterIP   10.15.138.130   <none>        8000/TCP                 3m
kubernetes-dashboard   kubernetes-dashboard        ClusterIP   10.15.187.146   <none>        443/TCP                  3m1s
[root@master ~]# kubectl delete service kubernetes-dashboard --namespace=kubernetes-dashboard            #删除现有的服务
service "kubernetes-dashboard" deleted
[root@master ~]# kubectl get svc --all-namespaces
NAMESPACE              NAME                        TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)                  AGE
default                kubernetes                  ClusterIP   10.0.0.1        <none>        443/TCP                  26m
default                php-apache                  ClusterIP   10.13.85.102    <none>        80/TCP                   22m
kube-system            kube-dns                    ClusterIP   10.0.0.10       <none>        53/UDP,53/TCP,9153/TCP   26m
kubernetes-dashboard   dashboard-metrics-scraper   ClusterIP   10.15.138.130   <none>        8000/TCP                 3m32s
[root@master ~]# 

4、创建配置文件，并执行后查看效果

[root@master ~]# vim dashboard-svc.yaml   #编辑配置文件
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f dashboard-svc.yaml      #执行创建Pod
service/kubernetes-dashboard created
[root@master ~]# kubectl get svc --all-namespaces    #产科service的所有命名空间
NAMESPACE              NAME                        TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)                  AGE
default                kubernetes                  ClusterIP   10.0.0.1        <none>        443/TCP                  29m
default                php-apache                  ClusterIP   10.13.85.102    <none>        80/TCP                   24m
kube-system            kube-dns                    ClusterIP   10.0.0.10       <none>        53/UDP,53/TCP,9153/TCP   29m
kubernetes-dashboard   dashboard-metrics-scraper   ClusterIP   10.15.138.130   <none>        8000/TCP                 6m19s
kubernetes-dashboard   kubernetes-dashboard        NodePort    10.2.126.80     <none>        443:31980/TCP            11s
[root@master ~]# cat dashboard-svc.yaml     #配置文件内容
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
    - port: 443
      targetPort: 8443
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
[root@master ~]# 

5、想要访问dashboard服务，就要有访问权限，创建kubernetes-dashboard管理员角色

[root@master ~]# vim dashboard-svc-account.yaml  #创建dashboard管理员权限文件
[root@master ~]# 
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f dashboard-svc-account.yaml  #执行文件
serviceaccount/dashboard-admin created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/dashboard-admin created
[root@master ~]# cat dashboard-svc-account.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: dashboard-admin
  namespace: kube-system
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1      #需要修改的地方
metadata:
  name: dashboard-admin
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: dashboard-admin
    namespace: kube-system
roleRef:
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: cluster-admin
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
[root@master ~]# 

6、获取 token

#获取token文件名
[root@master ~]# kubectl get secret -n kube-system|grep admin|awk '{print $1}'
dashboard-admin-token-86qqf
[root@master ~]# 

#获取token文件密码
[root@master ~]# kubectl describe secret dashboard-admin-token-86qqf -n kube-system|awk '/^token/ {print $2}'
eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IjIxUml2eEg1c3lJS2JSX0RfbnJGMWhVTFNkMlhUd0lyTmJJTkpMeEgwU3cifQ.eyJpc3MiOiJrdWJlcm5ldGVzL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50Iiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9uYW1lc3BhY2UiOiJrdWJlLXN5c3RlbSIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VjcmV0Lm5hbWUiOiJkYXNoYm9hcmQtYWRtaW4tdG9rZW4tODZxcWYiLCJrdWJlcm5ldGVzLmlvL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50L3NlcnZpY2UtYWNjb3VudC5uYW1lIjoiZGFzaGJvYXJkLWFkbWluIiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9zZXJ2aWNlLWFjY291bnQudWlkIjoiZTc3ZjNiNTgtNTQzOS00ODdmLWIyMTItNzg3NzAyZWY2ODZmIiwic3ViIjoic3lzdGVtOnNlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50Omt1YmUtc3lzdGVtOmRhc2hib2FyZC1hZG1pbiJ9.ckTU-FNo_U-aAoD9_EQij8uhcenJs0erurI2vrAfvc_44cGBaHII1ES3OM2Ufx1d_Pb48uQQzs2HmiyNkiFo3FOmGKpcBg16ndhXww78FB54hyd7kgL-sDN5Y6WDOaqn9MN7XWONBFS_ygmdJIaaGOJWQzoKeJ17_44YB1ddhUpSgbgH4TdIDZpnc3GdGkn2S8i7PkxoWEyIFGE7sOayF5lMXnoSDSoPmm2RB-Bukqq17JN1ZaAql92KeS4k3Ca9nzlNy7iRfLyxSFifPM3mUIl9tWPbR83OQKBHjkafggYmhtlm4vkSxXgltJ3cE8yQNEzfHVePLx0WPLR2YEAkxQ
[root@master ~]# 

7、访问dashboard

#查看端口为31980
[root@master ~]# kubectl get svc --all-namespaces
NAMESPACE              NAME                        TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)                  AGE
default                kubernetes                  ClusterIP   10.0.0.1        <none>        443/TCP                  39m
default                php-apache                  ClusterIP   10.13.85.102    <none>        80/TCP                   34m
kube-system            kube-dns                    ClusterIP   10.0.0.10       <none>        53/UDP,53/TCP,9153/TCP   39m
kubernetes-dashboard   dashboard-metrics-scraper   ClusterIP   10.15.138.130   <none>        8000/TCP                 16m
kubernetes-dashboard   kubernetes-dashboard        NodePort    10.2.126.80     <none>        443:31980/TCP            10m
[root@master ~]# 

[root@master pod]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME                       READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP           NODE    NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
my-nginx-575db987b-49jnv   1/1     Running   0          24m   10.244.1.5   node1   <none>           <none>
my-nginx-575db987b-rmnvh   1/1     Running   0          24m   10.244.3.5   node3   <none>           <none>
my-nginx-575db987b-w2xvf   1/1     Running   0          24m   10.244.2.5   node2   <none>           <none>
[root@master pod]# 

#访问网站（前提是你的node节点服务器上必须纯在运行的Pod服务，如nginx、mysql、redis等，否则无法访问该网站）
https://192.168.2.149:31980/#/login

8、输入上面获得的token，然后登录

创建dashboard成功！