拥抱自动化测试，快速升职加薪丄Selenium+Pytest自动化测试框架教你如何做到

引言

Selenium+Pytest自动化测试框架是目前最流行的自动化测试工具之一，其强大的功能和易用性援助许多开发人员和测试人员。

当前最新消息显示，随着人们对软件质量的要求不断提高，自动化测试工作正在变得越来越重要。这也导致越来越多的公司和组织开始招聘具有自动化测试技能的人才，并愿意为其提供更高的薪酬和晋升机会。

在这种情况下，学习并掌握Selenium+Pytest自动化测试框架将成为一个非常有价值的能力，并且有望帮助你在职场上实现快速升职加薪的目标。

因此，如果你想迅速提高自己的技能并进一步发展职业生涯，请跟随我们的指引，学习Selenium+Pytest自动化测试框架，并使用它来实现高效的自动化测试工作！

前段时间有人问我登录携带登录的测试框架该怎么处理，今天就对框架做一点小升级吧，加入登录的测试功能。

selenium自动化+ pytest测试框架禅道实战

选用的测试网址为我电脑本地搭建的禅道

更改了以下的一些文件,框架为原文章框架主体

conftest.py更改

conftest.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import base64
import pytest
import allure
from py.xml import html
from selenium import webdriver
from page.webpage import WebPage
from common.readconfig import ini
from tools.send_mail import send_report
from tools.times import timestamp
from config.conf import cm

driver = None

@pytest.fixture(scope='session', autouse=True)
def drivers(request):
    global driver
    if driver is None:
        driver = webdriver.Chrome()
        web = WebPage(driver)
        web.get_url(ini.url)

    def fn():
        driver.quit()

    request.addfinalizer(fn)
    return driver

@pytest.hookimpl(hookwrapper=True)
def pytest_runtest_makereport(item):
    """
    当测试失败的时候，自动截图，展示到html报告中
    :param item:
    """
    pytest_html = item.config.pluginmanager.getplugin('html')
    outcome = yield
    report = outcome.get_result()
    extra = getattr(report, 'extra', [])

    if report.when == 'call' or report.when == "setup":
        xfail = hasattr(report, 'wasxfail')
        if (report.skipped and xfail) or (report.failed and not xfail):
            screen_img = _capture_screenshot()
            if screen_img:
                html = '<div><img src="data:image/png;base64,%s" alt="screenshot" style="width:1024px;height:768px;" ' \
                       'onclick="window.open(this.src)" align="right"/></div>' % screen_img
                extra.append(pytest_html.extras.html(html))
        report.extra = extra
        report.description = str(item.function.__doc__)

def pytest_html_results_table_header(cells):
    cells.insert(1, html.th('用例名称'))
    cells.insert(2, html.th('Test_nodeid'))
    cells.pop(2)

def pytest_html_results_table_row(report, cells):
    cells.insert(1, html.td(report.description))
    cells.insert(2, html.td(report.nodeid))
    cells.pop(2)

def pytest_html_results_table_html(report, data):
    if report.passed:
        del data[:]
        data.append(html.div('通过的用例未捕获日志输出.', class_='empty log'))

def pytest_html_report_title(report):
    report.title = "pytest示例项目测试报告"

def pytest_configure(config):
    config._metadata.clear()
    config._metadata['测试项目'] = "测试百度官网搜索"
    config._metadata['测试地址'] = ini.url

def pytest_html_results_summary(prefix, summary, postfix):
    # prefix.clear() # 清空summary中的内容
    prefix.extend([html.p("所属部门: XX公司测试部")])
    prefix.extend([html.p("测试执行人: 随风挥手")])

def pytest_terminal_summary(terminalreporter, exitstatus, config):
    """收集测试结果"""
    result = {
        "total": terminalreporter._numcollected,
        'passed': len(terminalreporter.stats.get('passed', [])),
        'failed': len(terminalreporter.stats.get('failed', [])),
        'error': len(terminalreporter.stats.get('error', [])),
        'skipped': len(terminalreporter.stats.get('skipped', [])),
        # terminalreporter._sessionstarttime 会话开始时间
        'total times': timestamp() - terminalreporter._sessionstarttime
    }
    print(result)
    if result['failed'] or result['error']:
        send_report()

def _capture_screenshot():
    """截图保存为base64"""
    now_time, screen_path = cm.screen_file
    driver.save_screenshot(screen_path)
    allure.attach.file(screen_path, "测试失败截图...{}".format(
        now_time), allure.attachment_type.PNG)
    with open(screen_path, 'rb') as f:
        imagebase64 = base64.b64encode(f.read())
    return imagebase64.decode()

config.ini更改

[HOST]
HOST = http://127.0.0.1/zentao/user-login-L3plbnRhby9teS5odG1s.html

conf.py更改

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import os
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from tools.times import datetime_strftime

class ConfigManager(object):
    # 项目目录
    BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))

    # 日志目录
    LOG_PATH = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'logs')

    # 报告目录
    REPORT_PATH = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'report', 'report.html')

    ELEMENT_PATH = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'page_element')

    # 元素定位的类型
    LOCATE_MODE = {
        'css': By.CSS_SELECTOR,
        'xpath': By.XPATH,
        'name': By.NAME,
        'id': By.ID,
        'class': By.CLASS_NAME
    }

    # 邮件信息
    EMAIL_INFO = {
        'username': '[email protected]',  # 切换成你自己的地址
        'password': 'QQ邮箱授权码',
        'smtp_host': 'smtp.qq.com',
        'smtp_port': 465
    }

    # 收件人
    ADDRESSEE = [
        '[email protected]',
    ]

    @property
    def ini_file(self):
        # 配置文件
        _file = os.path.join(self.BASE_DIR, 'config', 'config.ini')
        if not os.path.exists(_file):
            raise FileNotFoundError("配置文件%s不存在！" % _file)
        return _file

    def element_file(self, name):
        """页面元素文件"""
        element_path = os.path.join(self.ELEMENT_PATH, '%s.yaml' % name)
        if not os.path.exists(element_path):
            raise FileNotFoundError("%s 文件不存在！" % element_path)
        return element_path

    @property
    def log_path(self):
        log_path = os.path.join(self.BASE_DIR, 'logs')
        if not os.path.exists(log_path):
            os.makedirs(log_path)
        return os.path.join(log_path, "%s.log" % datetime_strftime())

    @property
    def screen_file(self):
        now_time = datetime_strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S")
        # 截图目录
        screenshot_dir = os.path.join(self.BASE_DIR, 'screen_capture')
        if not os.path.exists(screenshot_dir):
            os.makedirs(screenshot_dir)
        screen_path = os.path.join(screenshot_dir, "{}.png".format(now_time))
        return now_time, screen_path

cm = ConfigManager()
if __name__ == '__main__':
    print(cm.BASE_DIR)

page更改

webpage.py

添加了几个函数！

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
"""
selenium基类
本文件存放了selenium基类的封装方法
"""
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.common.exceptions import TimeoutException, NoSuchElementException
from config.conf import cm
from tools.times import sleep
from tools.logger import Logger

log = Logger(__name__).logger

class WebPage(object):
    """selenium基类"""

    def __init__(self, driver):
        # self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
        self.driver = driver
        self.timeout = 20
        self.wait = WebDriverWait(self.driver, self.timeout)

    def get_url(self, url):
        """打开网址并验证"""
        self.driver.maximize_window()
        self.driver.set_page_load_timeout(60)
        try:
            self.driver.get(url)
            self.driver.implicitly_wait(10)
            log.info("打开网页：%s" % url)
        except TimeoutException:
            raise TimeoutException("打开%s超时请检查网络或网址服务器" % url)

    @staticmethod
    def element_locator(func, locator):
        """元素定位器"""
        name, value = locator
        return func(cm.LOCATE_MODE[name], value)

    def find_element(self, locator):
        """寻找单个元素"""
        return WebPage.element_locator(lambda *args: self.wait.until(
            EC.presence_of_element_located(args)), locator)

    def find_elements(self, locator):
        """查找多个相同的元素"""
        return WebPage.element_locator(lambda *args: self.wait.until(
            EC.presence_of_all_elements_located(args)), locator)

    def focus(self):
        """聚焦元素"""
        self.driver.execute_script("window.scrollTo(0,document.body.scrollHeight)")

    def elements_num(self, locator):
        """获取相同元素的个数"""
        number = len(self.find_elements(locator))
        log.info("相同元素：{}".format((locator, number)))
        return number

    def input_text(self, locator, txt):
        """输入(输入前先清空)"""
        sleep(0.5)
        ele = self.find_element(locator)
        ele.clear()
        ele.send_keys(txt)
        log.info("输入文本：{}".format(txt))

    def is_click(self, locator):
        """点击"""
        ele = self.find_element(locator)
        ele.click()
        sleep()
        log.info("点击元素：{}".format(locator))

    def is_exists(self, locator):
        """元素是否存在(DOM)"""
        try:
            WebPage.element_locator(lambda *args: EC.presence_of_element_located(args)(self.driver), locator)
            return True
        except NoSuchElementException:
            return False

    def alert_exists(self):
        """判断弹框是否出现，并返回弹框的文字"""
        alert = EC.alert_is_present()(self.driver)
        if alert:
            text = alert.text
            log.info("Alert弹窗提示为：%s" % text)
            alert.accept()
            return text
        else:
            log.error("没有Alert弹窗提示!")

    def element_text(self, locator):
        """获取当前的text"""
        _text = self.find_element(locator).text
        log.info("获取文本：{}".format(_text))
        return _text

    def get_attribute(self, locator, name):
        """获取元素属性"""
        return self.find_element(locator).get_attribute(name)

    @property
    def get_source(self):
        """获取页面源代码"""
        return self.driver.page_source

    def refresh(self):
        """刷新页面F5"""
        self.driver.refresh()
        self.driver.implicitly_wait(30)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    pass

page_element更改

login.yaml

账号: "css==input[name=account]"
密码: "css==input[name=password]"
登录: "css==button#submit"
我的地盘: "xpath==//nav[@id='navbar']//span[text()=' 我的地盘']"
右上角名称: "css==.user-name"
退出登录: "xpath==//a[text()='退出']"

product.yaml

产品按钮: "xpath==//nav[@id='navbar']//a[text()='产品']"
添加产品: "xpath==//div[@id='pageActions']//a[text()=' 添加产品']"
产品名称: "css==#name"
产品代号: "css==#code"
保存产品: "css==#submit"
产品列表: "xpath==//ul[@class='nav nav-stacked nav-secondary scrollbar-hover']//a[1]"

page_object更改

loginpage.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from page.webpage import WebPage
from common.readelement import Element

login = Element('login')

class LoginPage(WebPage):
    """登录类"""

    def username(self, name):
        """用户名"""
        self.input_text(login['账号'], name)

    def password(self, pwd):
        """密码"""
        self.input_text(login['密码'], pwd)

    def submit(self):
        """登录"""
        self.is_click(login['登录'])

    def quit_login(self):
        """退出登录"""
        self.is_click(login['右上角名称'])
        self.is_click(login['退出登录'])

    def login_success(self):
        """验证登录"""
        return self.is_exists(login['我的地盘'])

productpage.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from page.webpage import WebPage, sleep
from common.readelement import Element

product = Element('product')

class ProductPage(WebPage):
    """产品类"""

    def click_product(self):
        """点击产品"""
        self.is_click(product['产品按钮'])

    def add_product(self):
        """添加产品"""
        self.is_click(product['添加产品'])

    def add_product_content(self, name, code):
        """添加产品内容"""
        self.input_text(product['产品名称'], name)
        self.input_text(product['产品代号'], code)

    def save_product(self):
        """保存产品"""
        self.focus()
        self.is_click(product['保存产品'])

    def product_list(self):
        """产品列表"""
        return [i.get_attribute('title') for i in self.find_elements(product['产品列表'])]

if __name__ == '__main__':
    a = product['产品列表'][1] + "[1]"
    print(a)

TestCase更改

test_login.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import pytest
from tools.times import sleep
from page_object.loginpage import LoginPage

class TestLogin:
    """测试登录"""

    @pytest.mark.parametrize("name,pwd", [('admin', 'Admin123456'), ('test', 'test123')])
    def test_001(self, drivers, name, pwd):
        login = LoginPage(drivers)
        login.username(name)
        login.password(pwd)
        login.submit()
        sleep(3)
        res = login.alert_exists()
        if res:
            assert res == "登录失败，请检查您的用户名或密码是否填写正确。"
        elif login.login_success():
            login.quit_login()

test_product.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import pytest
import allure
from random import randint
from tools.times import sleep
from page_object.loginpage import LoginPage
from page_object.productpage import ProductPage

@allure.feature("测试产品模块")
class TestProduct:

    @pytest.fixture(scope='class', autouse=True)
    def is_login(self, request, drivers):
        login = LoginPage(drivers)
        login.username('admin')
        login.password('Admin123456')
        login.submit()
        sleep(3)

        def logout():
            login.quit_login()

        request.addfinalizer(logout)

    @allure.story("测试添加产品")
    def test_001(self, drivers):
        """搜索"""
        product = ProductPage(drivers)
        product.click_product()
        product.add_product()
        name, code = randint(100, 999), randint(100, 999)
        product.add_product_content(name, code)
        product.save_product()
        sleep(3)
        product.click_product()
        assert str(name) in product.product_list()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    pytest.main(['TestCase/test_aproduct.py'])

测试结果

登录之后的测试用例:

测试登录的用例

写在最后

这篇贴子到这里就结束了，最后，希望看这篇帖子的朋友能够有所收获。

都到这了记得三连支持一下吧。