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Spring Cloud Gateway + Nacos 灰度发布

前言

本文将会使用 SpringCloud Gateway 网关组件配合 Nacos 实现灰度发布（金丝雀发布）

环境搭建

创建子模块**服务提供者 

provider

，网关模块 

gateway

**

父项目

pom.xml

配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><projectxmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>com.example</groupId><artifactId>spring-gateway-demo</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><packaging>pom</packaging><name>spring-gateway-demo</name><description>spring-gateway-demo</description><properties><java.version>11</java.version><maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source><maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target><maven.compiler.plugin>3.8.1</maven.compiler.plugin><spring-boot.version>2.3.7.RELEASE</spring-boot.version><spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2.2.2.RELEASE</spring-cloud-alibaba.version><spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR9</spring-cloud.version><spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config>2.2.0.RELEASE</spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config></properties><modules><module>provider</module><module>gateway</module></modules><dependencies><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId></dependency></dependencies><dependencyManagement><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring-cloud.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring-boot.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency></dependencies></dependencyManagement></project>

服务提供者 provider

这里我们计划引入 

nacos

, 所以先创建一个 nacos 配置文件 

dataId

为 

provider.properties

, 这里用默认的命名空间 

public

, 默认分组 

DEFAULT_GROUP

version=2

provider 的 pom 配置依赖

<dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope><exclusions><exclusion><groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId><artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId></exclusion></exclusions></dependency></dependencies>

application.yml

server:port:9001spring:application:name: provider  
  cloud:nacos:config:server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848discovery:server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848

启动类上添加 @EnableDiscoveryClient 注解

@EnableDiscoveryClient@SpringBootApplicationpublicclassProviderApplication{publicstaticvoidmain(String[] args){SpringApplication.run(ProviderApplication.class, args);}}

然后添加测试 controller

@RefreshScope@RestController@RequestMapping("/test")publicclassTestController{@AutowiredprivateEnvironment env;@Value("${version:0}")privateString version;/**
     * http://localhost:9001/test/port
     * @return
     */@GetMapping("/port")publicObjectport(){returnString.format("port=%s, version=%s", env.getProperty("local.server.port"), version);}}

注意，这里配置 nacos 的时候需要配置下面两个文件 

provider.properties

和 

provider

，然后实际配置最终 nacos 是采用的 provider 文件，否则后端控制台就会持续输出 400 错误，可能是新版本问题，其他版本暂时不清楚（后面网关配置也是同理）

image.png

后端控制台输出，也可以看出需要两个

[fixed-localhost_8848][subscribe] provider.properties+DEFAULT_GROUP
[fixed-localhost_8848][add-listener] ok, tenant=, dataId=provider.properties, group=DEFAULT_GROUP, cnt=1[fixed-localhost_8848][subscribe] provider+DEFAULT_GROUP
[fixed-localhost_8848][add-listener] ok, tenant=, dataId=provider, group=DEFAULT_GROUP, cnt=1

Nacos 版本：2.3.0-BETA

网关 gateway

gateway 服务的 pom 依赖配置如下:

<dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><optional>true</optional></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope><exclusions><exclusion><groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId><artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId></exclusion></exclusions></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId></dependency></dependencies>

application.yml

# 应用服务 WEB 访问端口  server:port:9000# 应用名称  spring:application:name: gateway  
  cloud:nacos:config:server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848discovery:server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848gateway:routes:# http://127.0.0.1:9000/actuator/gateway/routes  -id: provider  # 路由 ID，保持唯一  uri: lb://provider # uri指目标服务地址，lb代表从注册中心获取服务  predicates:- Path=/provider/**# http://127.0.0.1:9000/provider/port 会转发到 http://localhost:9001/provider/port, 和预期不符合, 需要StripPrefix来处理  filters:- StripPrefix=1 # StripPrefix=1就代表截取路径的个数为1, 这样请求 http://127.0.0.1:9000/provider/test/port 会转发到 http://localhost:9001/test/port  management:endpoint:gateway:enabled:trueendpoints:web:exposure:include: gateway

同样启动类上添加 @EnableDiscoveryClient 注解

查看所有路由：/actuator/gateway/routes
查看指定路由（GET）：/actuator/gateway/routes/{id}
查看全局过滤器：/actuator/gateway/globalfilters
查看路由过滤器：/actuator/gateway/routefilters
POST 方式刷新路由缓存：/actuator/gateway/refresh

测试

curl http://127.0.0.1:9001/test/port
port=9001, version=2curl http://127.0.0.1:9000/provider/test/port
port=9001, version=2

动态路由

实现动态路由有两种方式，一个是改写 

RouteDefinitionRepository

（实测失败），一个是基于 

nacos

的监听器给 

RouteDefinitionRepository

动态更新值。实现逻辑大同小异

Spring Cloud Gateway 中加载路由信息分别由以下几个类负责
1、PropertiesRouteDefinitionLocator：从配置文件中读取路由信息 (如 YML、Properties 等)
2、RouteDefinitionRepository：从存储器中读取路由信息 (如内存、配置中心、Redis、MySQL 等)
3、DiscoveryClientRouteDefinitionLocator：从注册中心中读取路由信息(如 Nacos、Eurka、Zookeeper 等)

下面使用 RouteDefinitionRepository 配置动态路由

gateway-router.json

[{"id":"provider","predicates":[{"name":"Path","args":{"_genkey_0":"/provider/**"}}],"filters":[{"name":"StripPrefix","args":{"_genkey_0":"1"}}],"uri":"lb://provider","order":0}]

NacosRouteDefinitionRepository

配置类

@ComponentpublicclassNacosRouteDefinitionRepositoryimplementsRouteDefinitionRepository,ApplicationEventPublisherAware{privatestaticfinalLogger log =LoggerFactory.getLogger(NacosRouteDefinitionRepository.class);@AutowiredprivateNacosConfigManager nacosConfigManager;// 更新路由信息需要的  privateApplicationEventPublisher applicationEventPublisher;privateString dataId ="gateway-router.json";privateString group ="DEFAULT_GROUP";@Value("${spring.cloud.nacos.config.server-addr}")privateString serverAddr;privateObjectMapper objectMapper =newObjectMapper();@PostConstructpublicvoiddynamicRouteByNacosListener(){try{  
            nacosConfigManager.getConfigService().addListener(dataId, group,newListener(){publicvoidreceiveConfigInfo(String configInfo){  
                    log.info("自动更新配置...\r\n{}", configInfo);  
                    applicationEventPublisher.publishEvent(newRefreshRoutesEvent(this));}publicExecutorgetExecutor(){returnnull;}});}catch(NacosException e){  
            e.printStackTrace();}}@OverridepublicFlux<RouteDefinition>getRouteDefinitions(){try{String configInfo = nacosConfigManager.getConfigService().getConfig(dataId, group,5000);List<RouteDefinition> gatewayRouteDefinitions = objectMapper.readValue(configInfo,newTypeReference<List<RouteDefinition>>(){});returnFlux.fromIterable(gatewayRouteDefinitions);}catch(NacosException e){  
            e.printStackTrace();}catch(JsonMappingException e){  
            e.printStackTrace();}catch(JsonProcessingException e){  
            e.printStackTrace();}returnFlux.fromIterable(Lists.newArrayList());}@OverridepublicMono<Void>save(Mono<RouteDefinition> route){returnnull;}@OverridepublicMono<Void>delete(Mono<String> routeId){returnnull;}@OverridepublicvoidsetApplicationEventPublisher(ApplicationEventPublisher applicationEventPublisher){this.applicationEventPublisher = applicationEventPublisher;}}

然后重启网关，访问 http://127.0.0.1:9000/actuator/gateway/routes ，查看是否生效

[{"predicate":"Paths: [/provider/**], match trailing slash: true","route_id":"provider","filters":["[[StripPrefix parts = 1], order = 1]"],"uri":"lb://provider","order":0}]

灰度发布

首先需要明白灰度的场景, 因为有不同版本的服务需要共存, 所以新的节点升级的时候必然代码及配置会存在差别, 所以我们根据这种差别来判断服务版本是新版本还是线上稳定版本。这里我们用 

prod

和 

gray

来标识 2 个版本。

实现的整体思路：

  1. 编写带版本号的灰度路由(负载均衡策略)
  2. 编写自定义 filter
  3. nacos 服务配置需要灰度发布的服务的元数据信息以及权重(在服务 jar 中配置)

注意, 应该先修改 nacos 配置实现动态路由, 然后再升级灰度节点. 本案例只是简单示例灰度原理。

下面进行网关配置

依赖配置

首先排除掉默认的 ribbon 依赖

<dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId><exclusions><exclusion><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-ribbon</artifactId></exclusion></exclusions></dependency>

引入官方新的负载均衡包

<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer</artifactId></dependency>

负载均衡策略

publicclassVersionGrayLoadBalancerimplementsReactorServiceInstanceLoadBalancer{privateObjectProvider<ServiceInstanceListSupplier> serviceInstanceListSupplierProvider;privateString serviceId;privatefinalAtomicInteger position;publicVersionGrayLoadBalancer(ObjectProvider<ServiceInstanceListSupplier> serviceInstanceListSupplierProvider,String serviceId){this(serviceInstanceListSupplierProvider, serviceId,newRandom().nextInt(1000));}publicVersionGrayLoadBalancer(ObjectProvider<ServiceInstanceListSupplier> serviceInstanceListSupplierProvider,String serviceId,int seedPosition){this.serviceId = serviceId;this.serviceInstanceListSupplierProvider = serviceInstanceListSupplierProvider;this.position =newAtomicInteger(seedPosition);}@OverridepublicMono<Response<ServiceInstance>>choose(Request request){HttpHeaders headers =(HttpHeaders) request.getContext();ServiceInstanceListSupplier supplier =this.serviceInstanceListSupplierProvider.getIfAvailable(NoopServiceInstanceListSupplier::new);return((Flux) supplier.get()).next().map(list ->processInstanceResponse((List<ServiceInstance>) list, headers));}privateResponse<ServiceInstance>processInstanceResponse(List<ServiceInstance> instances,HttpHeaders headers){if(instances.isEmpty()){returnnewEmptyResponse();}else{String reqVersion = headers.getFirst("version");if(StringUtils.isEmpty(reqVersion)){returnprocessRibbonInstanceResponse(instances);}List<ServiceInstance> serviceInstances = instances.stream().filter(instance -> reqVersion.equals(instance.getMetadata().get("version"))).collect(Collectors.toList());if(serviceInstances.size()>0){returnprocessRibbonInstanceResponse(serviceInstances);}else{returnprocessRibbonInstanceResponse(instances);}}}/**
     * 负载均衡器
     * 参考 org.springframework.cloud.loadbalancer.core.RoundRobinLoadBalancer#getInstanceResponse
     *
     * @author javadaily
     */privateResponse<ServiceInstance>processRibbonInstanceResponse(List<ServiceInstance> instances){int pos =Math.abs(this.position.incrementAndGet());ServiceInstance instance = instances.get(pos % instances.size());returnnewDefaultResponse(instance);}}

过滤器加载负载均衡

publicclassGrayReactiveLoadBalancerClientFilterimplementsGlobalFilter,Ordered{privatestaticfinalLog log =LogFactory.getLog(ReactiveLoadBalancerClientFilter.class);privatestaticfinalintLOAD_BALANCER_CLIENT_FILTER_ORDER=10150;privatefinalLoadBalancerClientFactory clientFactory;privateLoadBalancerProperties properties;publicGrayReactiveLoadBalancerClientFilter(LoadBalancerClientFactory clientFactory,LoadBalancerProperties properties){this.clientFactory = clientFactory;this.properties = properties;}@OverridepublicintgetOrder(){returnLOAD_BALANCER_CLIENT_FILTER_ORDER;}@OverridepublicMono<Void>filter(ServerWebExchange exchange,GatewayFilterChain chain){URI url = exchange.getAttribute(ServerWebExchangeUtils.GATEWAY_REQUEST_URL_ATTR);String schemePrefix = exchange.getAttribute(ServerWebExchangeUtils.GATEWAY_SCHEME_PREFIX_ATTR);if(url !=null&&("grayLb".equals(url.getScheme())||"grayLb".equals(schemePrefix))){ServerWebExchangeUtils.addOriginalRequestUrl(exchange, url);if(log.isTraceEnabled()){  
                log.trace(ReactiveLoadBalancerClientFilter.class.getSimpleName()+" url before: "+ url);}returnthis.choose(exchange).doOnNext((response)->{if(!response.hasServer()){throwNotFoundException.create(this.properties.isUse404(),"Unable to find instance for "+ url.getHost());}else{URI uri = exchange.getRequest().getURI();String overrideScheme =null;if(schemePrefix !=null){  
                        overrideScheme = url.getScheme();}DelegatingServiceInstance serviceInstance =newDelegatingServiceInstance((ServiceInstance) response.getServer(), overrideScheme);URI requestUrl =this.reconstructURI(serviceInstance, uri);if(log.isTraceEnabled()){  
                        log.trace("LoadBalancerClientFilter url chosen: "+ requestUrl);}  
  
                    exchange.getAttributes().put(ServerWebExchangeUtils.GATEWAY_REQUEST_URL_ATTR, requestUrl);}}).then(chain.filter(exchange));}else{return chain.filter(exchange);}}protectedURIreconstructURI(ServiceInstance serviceInstance,URI original){returnLoadBalancerUriTools.reconstructURI(serviceInstance, original);}privateMono<Response<ServiceInstance>>choose(ServerWebExchange exchange){URI uri =(URI) exchange.getAttribute(ServerWebExchangeUtils.GATEWAY_REQUEST_URL_ATTR);VersionGrayLoadBalancer loadBalancer =newVersionGrayLoadBalancer(clientFactory.getLazyProvider(uri.getHost(),ServiceInstanceListSupplier.class), uri.getHost());if(loadBalancer ==null){thrownewNotFoundException("No loadbalancer available for "+ uri.getHost());}else{return loadBalancer.choose(this.createRequest(exchange));}}privateRequestcreateRequest(ServerWebExchange exchange){HttpHeaders headers = exchange.getRequest().getHeaders();Request<HttpHeaders> request =newDefaultRequest<>(headers);return request;}}

注入过滤器

@ConfigurationpublicclassGrayGatewayReactiveLoadBalancerClientAutoConfiguration{@Bean@ConditionalOnMissingBean({GrayReactiveLoadBalancerClientFilter.class})publicGrayReactiveLoadBalancerClientFiltergrayReactiveLoadBalancerClientFilter(LoadBalancerClientFactory clientFactory,LoadBalancerProperties properties){returnnewGrayReactiveLoadBalancerClientFilter(clientFactory, properties);}}

发布灰度服务

生产环境配置文件 

application-prod.yml

server:port:9002spring:application:name: provider  
  cloud:nacos:config:server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848discovery:metadata:version: prod  
        server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848

灰度环境配置文件 

application-gray.yml

server:port:9003spring:application:name: provider  
  cloud:nacos:config:server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848discovery:metadata:version: gray  
        server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848

idea 启动参数指定配置文件

image.png

同时注意配置两个环境的 nacos 文件（prod version: 4，gray version: 5）

image.png

测试

然后分别启动三个服务：9000 端口网关 gateway 服务，9002 端口生产环境 provider-prod 服务，9003 端口灰度环境 provider-gray 服务

E:\Nacos\nacos>curl http://127.0.0.1:9000/provider/test/port
port=9003, version=5
E:\Nacos\nacos>curl -X GET -H"version:prod" http://127.0.0.1:9000/provider/test/port
port=9003, version=5
E:\Nacos\nacos>curl -X GET -H"version:gray" http://127.0.0.1:9000/provider/test/port
port=9002, version=4

仓库地址

如果对于文章中代码有疑问，可以直接查看下方作者仓库

仓库地址：ReturnTmp/spring-gateway-demo: 网关配置 + 灰度发布 + 配置中心 示例仓库 (github.com)

参考链接

  • Spring Cloud Gateway+nacos灰度发布 - 掘金 (juejin.cn)
  • SpringCloud gateway Actuator - shigp1 - 博客园 (cnblogs.com)
  • Spring Cloud Gateway监控 周立的博客
  • 前端灰度发布落地方案-腾讯云开发者社区-腾讯云 (tencent.com)
  • 后端 - 灰度发布架构设计！值得品鉴

本文由博客一文多发平台 OpenWrite 发布！

标签： 灰度发布 Gateway Nacos
本文转载自: https://blog.csdn.net/m0_63748493/article/details/135329571
版权归原作者 ReturnTmp 所有， 如有侵权，请联系我们删除。
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