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53、Flink 测试工具测试用户自定义函数详解

1.测试用户自定义函数
a)单元测试无状态、无时间限制的 UDF

示例:无状态的

MapFunction

public class IncrementMapFunction implements MapFunction<Long, Long> {

    @Override
    public Long map(Long record) throws Exception {
        return record + 1;
    }
}

通过传递合适地参数并验证输出进行测试。

public class IncrementMapFunctionTest {

    @Test
    public void testIncrement() throws Exception {
        // instantiate your function
        IncrementMapFunction incrementer = new IncrementMapFunction();

        // call the methods that you have implemented
        assertEquals(3L, incrementer.map(2L));
    }
}

对于使用

org.apache.flink.util.Collector

的用户自定义函数(例如

FlatMapFunction

或者

ProcessFunction

),可以通过提供模拟对象而不是真正的 collector 来测试。

具有与

IncrementMapFunction

相同功能的

FlatMapFunction

可以按照以下方式进行测试。

public class IncrementFlatMapFunctionTest {

    @Test
    public void testIncrement() throws Exception {
        // instantiate your function
        IncrementFlatMapFunction incrementer = new IncrementFlatMapFunction();

        Collector<Integer> collector = mock(Collector.class);

        // call the methods that you have implemented
        incrementer.flatMap(2L, collector);

        //verify collector was called with the right output
        Mockito.verify(collector, times(1)).collect(3L);
    }
}
b)对有状态或及时 UDF 和自定义算子进行单元测试

概述

对使用管理状态或定时器的用户自定义函数的功能测试会更加困难,因为它涉及到测试用户代码和 Flink 运行时的交互。 为此,Flink 提供了一组所谓的测试工具,可用于测试用户自定义函数和自定义算子:

  • OneInputStreamOperatorTestHarness (适用于 DataStream 上的算子)
  • KeyedOneInputStreamOperatorTestHarness (适用于 KeyedStream 上的算子)
  • TwoInputStreamOperatorTestHarness (适用于两个 DataStreamConnectedStreams 算子)
  • KeyedTwoInputStreamOperatorTestHarness (适用于两个 KeyedStream 上的 ConnectedStreams 算子)

DataStream API 测试依赖项

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.flink</groupId>
    <artifactId>flink-test-utils</artifactId>
    <version>1.19.0</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

该模块提供了

MiniCluster

(一个可配置的轻量级 Flink 集群,能在 JUnit 测试中运行),可以直接执行作业。

Table API 测试依赖项

如果想在 IDE 中本地测试 Table API 和 SQL 程序,除了前述提到的

flink-test-utils

之外,还要添加以下依赖项。

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.flink</groupId>
    <artifactId>flink-table-test-utils</artifactId>
    <version>1.19.0</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

这将自动引入查询计划器和运行时,分别用于计划和执行查询。

可以使用测试工具将记录和 watermark 推送到用户自定义函数或自定义算子中,控制处理时间,最后对算子的输出(包括旁路输出)进行校验。

public class StatefulFlatMapTest {
    private OneInputStreamOperatorTestHarness<Long, Long> testHarness;
    private StatefulFlatMap statefulFlatMapFunction;

    @Before
    public void setupTestHarness() throws Exception {

        //instantiate user-defined function
        statefulFlatMapFunction = new StatefulFlatMapFunction();

        // wrap user defined function into a the corresponding operator
        testHarness = new OneInputStreamOperatorTestHarness<>(new StreamFlatMap<>(statefulFlatMapFunction));

        // optionally configured the execution environment
        testHarness.getExecutionConfig().setAutoWatermarkInterval(50);

        // open the test harness (will also call open() on RichFunctions)
        testHarness.open();
    }

    @Test
    public void testingStatefulFlatMapFunction() throws Exception {

        //push (timestamped) elements into the operator (and hence user defined function)
        testHarness.processElement(2L, 100L);

        //trigger event time timers by advancing the event time of the operator with a watermark
        testHarness.processWatermark(100L);

        //trigger processing time timers by advancing the processing time of the operator directly
        testHarness.setProcessingTime(100L);

        //retrieve list of emitted records for assertions
        assertThat(testHarness.getOutput(), containsInExactlyThisOrder(3L));

        //retrieve list of records emitted to a specific side output for assertions (ProcessFunction only)
        //assertThat(testHarness.getSideOutput(new OutputTag<>("invalidRecords")), hasSize(0))
    }
}
KeyedOneInputStreamOperatorTestHarness

KeyedTwoInputStreamOperatorTestHarness

可以通过为键的类另外提供一个包含

TypeInformation

KeySelector

来实例化。

public class StatefulFlatMapFunctionTest {
    private OneInputStreamOperatorTestHarness<String, Long, Long> testHarness;
    private StatefulFlatMap statefulFlatMapFunction;

    @Before
    public void setupTestHarness() throws Exception {

        //instantiate user-defined function
        statefulFlatMapFunction = new StatefulFlatMapFunction();

        // wrap user defined function into a the corresponding operator
        testHarness = new KeyedOneInputStreamOperatorTestHarness<>(new StreamFlatMap<>(statefulFlatMapFunction), new MyStringKeySelector(), Types.STRING);

        // open the test harness (will also call open() on RichFunctions)
        testHarness.open();
    }

    //tests

}

在 Flink 代码库里可以找到更多使用这些测试工具的示例,例如:

  • org.apache.flink.streaming.runtime.operators.windowing.WindowOperatorTest 是测试算子和用户自定义函数(取决于处理时间和事件时间)的一个很好的例子。

注意

AbstractStreamOperatorTestHarness

及其派生类目前不属于公共 API,可以进行更改。

单元测试 Process Function

除了之前可以直接用于测试

ProcessFunction

的测试工具之外,Flink 还提供了一个名为

ProcessFunctionTestHarnesses

的测试工具工厂类,可以简化测试工具的实例化。示例如下:

public static class PassThroughProcessFunction extends ProcessFunction<Integer, Integer> {

    @Override
    public void processElement(Integer value, Context ctx, Collector<Integer> out) throws Exception {
        out.collect(value);
    }
}

通过传递合适的参数并验证输出,对使用

ProcessFunctionTestHarnesses

是很容易进行单元测试并验证输出。

public class PassThroughProcessFunctionTest {

    @Test
    public void testPassThrough() throws Exception {

        //instantiate user-defined function
        PassThroughProcessFunction processFunction = new PassThroughProcessFunction();

        // wrap user defined function into a the corresponding operator
        OneInputStreamOperatorTestHarness<Integer, Integer> harness = ProcessFunctionTestHarnesses
            .forProcessFunction(processFunction);

        //push (timestamped) elements into the operator (and hence user defined function)
        harness.processElement(1, 10);

        //retrieve list of emitted records for assertions
        assertEquals(harness.extractOutputValues(), Collections.singletonList(1));
    }
}

有关如何使用

ProcessFunctionTestHarnesses

来测试

ProcessFunction

不同风格的更多示例,, 例如

KeyedProcessFunction

KeyedCoProcessFunction

BroadcastProcessFunction

等,请自行查看

ProcessFunctionTestHarnessesTest

标签: flink 测试工具

本文转载自: https://blog.csdn.net/m0_50186249/article/details/140093126
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