SpringMVC学习：整合SSM框架

前言

本章将通过一个图书管理案例，将之前所学到的MyBatis，Spring，SpringMVC的知识串起来，整合SSM框架。

使用的技术：

• MySQL（8.0.28）
• MyBatis （3.5.7）
• Spring
• SpringMVC
• 页面展示部分用了一点儿BootStrap
• Lombok

使用IDEA进行开发。

源码托管到了Gitee上：https://gitee.com/blossoming819/ssmbuild.git

1、搭建数据库

CREATEDATABASE`ssmbuild`;USE`ssmbuild`;DROPTABLEIFEXISTS`books`;CREATETABLE`books`(`bookID`INT(10)NOTNULLAUTO_INCREMENTCOMMENT'书id',`bookName`VARCHAR(100)NOTNULLCOMMENT'书名',`bookCounts`INT(11)NOTNULLCOMMENT'数量',`detail`VARCHAR(200)NOTNULLCOMMENT'描述',KEY`bookID`(`bookID`))ENGINE=INNODBDEFAULTCHARSET=utf8
INSERTINTO`books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES(1,'Java',1,'从入门到放弃'),(2,'MySQL',10,'从删库到跑路'),(3,'Linux',5,'从进门到进牢');

2、导入依赖

使用Maven构建项目，导入依赖更方便，只需在Maven项目中的pom.xml中添加配置即可，依赖可以在Maven仓库中获取到。

<dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><version>1.18.22</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>4.13.2</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>8.0.28</version></dependency><!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.mchange/c3p0 --><dependency><groupId>com.mchange</groupId><artifactId>c3p0</artifactId><version>0.9.5.5</version></dependency><!--servlet jsp--><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId><artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId><version>2.1</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>jstl</artifactId><version>1.2</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId><version>2.5</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId><version>4.0.1</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis</groupId><artifactId>mybatis</artifactId><version>3.5.7</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId><version>2.0.7</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId><version>5.3.18</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId><version>5.3.18</version></dependency></dependencies>

为了避免资源或者配置找不到的问题，我们在Maven的配置里添加资源过滤，依然是在pom.xml中配置。

<build><resources><resource><directory>src/main/java</directory><includes><include>**/*.properties</include><include>**/*.xml</include></includes><filtering>false</filtering></resource><resource><directory>src/main/resources</directory><includes><include>**/*.properties</include><include>**/*.xml</include></includes><filtering>false</filtering></resource></resources></build>

3、构建项目结构

首先需要新建一个图书类

Books

packagecom.princehan.pojo;importlombok.AllArgsConstructor;importlombok.Data;importlombok.NoArgsConstructor;/**
 * @Description
 * @Author:PrinceHan
 * @CreateTime:2022/4/19 12:51
 */@Data@NoArgsConstructor@AllArgsConstructorpublicclassBooks{privateint bookID;privateString bookName;privateint bookCounts;privateString detail;}

4、配置SSM框架

整合SSM要实现dao，service，controller三个方面

4.1、dao层

配置MyBatis

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPEconfigurationPUBLIC"-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN""http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"><!--核心配置文件--><configuration><settings><settingname="logImpl"value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/><settingname="cacheEnabled"value="true"/></settings><typeAliases><packagename="com.princehan.pojo"/></typeAliases><mappers><mapperclass="com.princehan.dao.BookMapper"/></mappers></configuration>

编写连接数据库的配置文件

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=0925

由于本案例使用的数据源为c3p0，所以前缀要加上

jdbc

，在测试过程中，发现不加会报错

配置dao层的spring，连接MyBatis

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"><!--关联数据库配置文件--><context:property-placeholderlocation="classpath:database.properties"/><!--连接池--><!--使用c3p0的数据源--><beanid="dataSource"class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"><propertyname="driverClass"value="${jdbc.driver}"/><propertyname="jdbcUrl"value="${jdbc.url}"/><propertyname="user"value="${jdbc.username}"/><propertyname="password"value="${jdbc.password}"/></bean><!--sqlSessionfactory--><beanid="sqlSessionFactory"class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"><propertyname="dataSource"ref="dataSource"/><!--绑定MyBatis--><propertyname="configLocation"value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/></bean><!--配置扫描dao--><beanclass="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer"><propertyname="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName"value="sqlSessionFactory"/><propertyname="basePackage"value="com.princehan.dao"/></bean></beans>

编写

BookMapper

接口

packagecom.princehan.dao;importcom.princehan.pojo.Books;importorg.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;importjava.util.List;/**
 * @Description
 * @Author:PrinceHan
 * @CreateTime:2022/4/19 12:57
 */publicinterfaceBookMapper{intaddBook(Books book);intdeleteBookById(@Param("bookID")int id);intupdateBook(Books book);BooksqueryBookById(@Param("bookID")int id);List<Books>queryAllBook();List<Books>queryBookByName(@Param("bookName")String name);}

编写

BookMapper

接口的映射

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPEmapperPUBLIC"-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN""http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"><mappernamespace="com.princehan.dao.BookMapper"><insertid="addBook"parameterType="Books">
        insert into books(bookName, bookCounts, detail)
        values (#{bookName}, #{bookCounts}, #{detail})
    </insert><deleteid="deleteBookById">
        delete
        from books
        where bookID = #{bookID}
    </delete><updateid="updateBook"parameterType="Books">
        update books
        set bookName   = #{bookName},
            bookCounts = #{bookCounts},
            detail     = #{detail}
        where bookID = #{bookID}
    </update><selectid="queryBookById"resultType="Books">
        select *
        from books
        where bookID = #{bookID}
    </select><selectid="queryAllBook"resultType="Books">
        select *
        from books
    </select><selectid="queryBookByName"resultType="Books">
        select *
        from books
        where bookName = #{bookName};
    </select></mapper>

4.2、service层

编写

BookService

接口

packagecom.princehan.service;importcom.princehan.pojo.Books;importorg.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;importjava.util.List;/**
 * @Description
 * @Author:PrinceHan
 * @CreateTime:2022/4/19 13:17
 */publicinterfaceBookService{intaddBook(Books book);intdeleteBookById(@Param("bookID")int id);intupdateBook(Books book);BooksqueryBookById(@Param("bookID")int id);List<Books>queryAllBook();List<Books>queryBookByName(@Param("bookName")String name);}

编写实现类

packagecom.princehan.service;importcom.princehan.dao.BookMapper;importcom.princehan.pojo.Books;importorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;importorg.springframework.stereotype.Service;importjava.util.List;/**
 * @Description
 * @Author:PrinceHan
 * @CreateTime:2022/4/19 13:17
 */@Service//service注解表示这是一个bean，放入到了IOC容器publicclassBookServiceImplimplementsBookService{//业务层调用dao层privateBookMapper bookMapper;@AutowiredpublicvoidsetBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper){this.bookMapper = bookMapper;}@OverridepublicintaddBook(Books book){return bookMapper.addBook(book);}@OverridepublicintdeleteBookById(int id){return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id);}@OverridepublicintupdateBook(Books book){return bookMapper.updateBook(book);}@OverridepublicBooksqueryBookById(int id){return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);}@OverridepublicList<Books>queryAllBook(){return bookMapper.queryAllBook();}@OverridepublicList<Books>queryBookByName(String name){return bookMapper.queryBookByName(name);}}

配置spring的service层

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"><context:component-scanbase-package="com.princehan.service"/><!--BookServiceImpl注入到IOC容器中,使用注解可以不配置这个--><!--    <bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="com.princehan.service.BookServiceImpl">--><!--        <property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>--><!--    </bean>--><beanid="transactionManager"class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"><propertyname="dataSource"ref="dataSource"/></bean></beans>

4.3、controller层

编写

BookController

接口

packagecom.princehan.controller;importcom.princehan.pojo.Books;importcom.princehan.service.BookService;importorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;importorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;importorg.springframework.stereotype.Controller;importorg.springframework.ui.Model;importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;importjava.util.List;/**
 * @Description
 * @Author:PrinceHan
 * @CreateTime:2022/4/19 14:11
 */@Controller@RequestMapping("/book")publicclassBookController{@Autowired//自动装配//    @Qualifier("BookServiceImpl")privateBookService bookService;}

配置spring的controller层

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"><mvc:annotation-driven/><mvc:default-servlet-handler/><context:component-scanbase-package="com.princehan.controller"/><beanid="internalResourceViewResolver"class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"><propertyname="prefix"value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/><propertyname="suffix"value=".jsp"/></bean></beans>

4.4、整合dao，service，controller层

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"><importresource="classpath:spring-dao.xml"/><importresource="classpath:spring-service.xml"/><importresource="classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml"/></beans>

5、功能实现

5.1、配置web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-appxmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
         http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"version="4.0"><!--1.注册DispatcherServlet--><servlet><servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class><init-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value></init-param><!--启动级别-1--><load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup></servlet><!--/ 匹配所有的请求；（不包括.jsp）--><!--/* 匹配所有的请求；（包括.jsp）--><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name><url-pattern>/</url-pattern></servlet-mapping><filter><filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name><filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class><init-param><param-name>encoding</param-name><param-value>utf-8</param-value></init-param></filter><filter-mapping><filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name><url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></filter-mapping><!--Session过期时间--><session-config><session-timeout>15</session-timeout></session-config></web-app>

5.2、编写主页index.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html><head><title>首页</title><styletype="text/css">a{text-decoration: none;color: black;font-size: 18px;}h3{width: 180px;height: 38px;margin: 100px auto;text-align: center;line-height: 38px;background: deepskyblue;border-radius: 4px;}</style></head><body><h3><ahref="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allbook">书籍界面</a></h3></body></html>

5.3、展示所有书籍allBook.jsp

编写展示页面

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html><head><title>数据展示部分</title><!-- 引入 Bootstrap --><linkhref="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css"rel="stylesheet"></head><body><divclass="container"><divclass="row clearfix"><divclass="col-md-12 column"><divclass="page-header"><h1><small>书籍列表 —— 显示所有书籍</small></h1></div></div></div><divclass="row"><divclass="col-md-4 column"><aclass="btn btn-primary"href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增</a></div><divclass="col-md-4 column"></div><divclass="col-md-4 column"><formclass="form-inline"action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/queryBook"method="post"style="float: right"><spanstyle="color:red;font-weight: bold">${error}</span><inputtype="text"name="queryBookName"class="form-control"placeholder="输入查询书名"required><inputtype="submit"value="查询"class="btn btn-primary"></form></div></div><divclass="row clearfix"><divclass="col-md-12 column"><tableclass="table table-hover table-striped"><thead><tr><th>书籍编号</th><th>书籍名字</th><th>书籍数量</th><th>书籍详情</th><th>操作</th></tr></thead><tbody><c:forEachvar="book"items="${list}"><tr><td>${book.bookID}</td><td>${book.bookName}</td><td>${book.bookCounts}</td><td>${book.detail}</td><td><ahref="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.bookID}">更改</a> |
                            <ahref="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.bookID}">删除</a></td></tr></c:forEach></tbody></table></div></div></div></body></html>

编写controller

@RequestMapping("/allbook")publicStringqueryAllBook(Model model){List<Books> books = bookService.queryAllBook();
        model.addAttribute("list", books);return"allBook";}

当点击书籍界面时，发动请求，service层获取到书籍列表，通过model携带数据，跳转到allBook.jsp页面。

5.4、修改书籍

这一功能的完成可以分为两步进行：跳转到修改页面，修改书籍，因此有两个请求。

修改指定的书籍需要传递书籍的id

<ahref="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdateBook?id=${book.bookID}">更改</a>

修改页面

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html><head><title>Title</title><linkhref="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css"rel="stylesheet"></head><body><divclass="container"><divclass="row clearfix"><divclass="col-md-12 column"><divclass="page-header"><h1><small>修改书籍</small></h1></div></div></div><formaction="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBook"method="post"><inputtype="hidden"name="bookID"value="${book.bookID}"><divclass="form-group"><labelfor="bookName">书籍名称</label><inputtype="text"id="bookName"name="bookName"value="${book.bookName}"class="form-controller"required></div><divclass="form-group"><labelfor="bookCounts">书籍数量</label><inputtype="text"id="bookCounts"name="bookCounts"value="${book.bookCounts}"class="form-controller"required></div><divclass="form-group"><labelfor="detail">书籍详情</label><inputtype="text"id="detail"name="detail"value="${book.detail}"class="form-controller"required></div><divclass="form-group"><inputtype="reset"value="重置"><inputtype="submit"value="提交"></div></form></div></body></html>

跳转到修改页面

@RequestMapping("/toUpdateBook")publicStringtoUpdateBook(Model model,int id){Books book = bookService.queryBookById(id);System.out.println(book);
        model.addAttribute("book", book);return"updateBook";}

修改数据，前端的数据通过name属性，被controller获取到，这里我们获取的是一个对象。

@RequestMapping("/updateBook")publicStringupdateBook(Books book){
        bookService.updateBook(book);return"redirect:/book/allbook";}

修改后重定向至展示书籍的界面。

5.5、删除书籍

根据书籍id删除书籍，请求上需要携带id，这里使用的是Restful风格，更加简洁。

<ahref="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/del/${book.bookID}">删除</a>

@RequestMapping("/del/{id}")publicStringdeleteBook(@PathVariableint id){
        bookService.deleteBookById(id);return"redirect:/book/allbook";}

删除后重定向至书籍展示页面。

5.6、添加书籍

依然可以分成两步进行，跳转到书籍增添页面，增添书籍。

书籍增添页面

<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html><head><title>Title</title><!-- 引入 Bootstrap --><linkhref="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css"rel="stylesheet"></head><body><divclass="container"><divclass="row clearfix"><divclass="col-md-12 column"><divclass="page-header"><h1><small>新增书籍</small></h1></div></div></div><formaction="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook"method="post"><divclass="form-group"><labelfor="bookName">书籍名称</label><inputtype="text"id="bookName"name="bookName"required></div><divclass="form-group"><labelfor="bookCounts">书籍数量</label><inputtype="text"id="bookCounts"name="bookCounts"required></div><divclass="form-group"><labelfor="detail">书籍详情</label><inputtype="text"id="detail"name="detail"required></div><divclass="form-group"><inputtype="submit"value="添加"></div></form></div></body></html>

跳转到书籍增添页面

@RequestMapping("/toAddBook")publicStringtoAddPaper(){return"addBook";}

增添书籍

@RequestMapping("/addBook")publicStringaddBook(Books book){
        bookService.addBook(book);return"redirect:/book/allbook";}

5.7、查询书籍

<formclass="form-inline"action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/queryBook"method="post"style="float: right"><spanstyle="color:red;font-weight: bold">${error}</span><inputtype="text"name="queryBookName"value="${queryBookName} class="form-control"placeholder="输入查询书名"required><inputtype="submit"value="查询"class="btn btn-primary"></form>

@RequestMapping("/queryBook")publicStringqueryBook(String queryBookName,Model model){List<Books> books = bookService.queryBookByName(queryBookName);if(books.size()>0){
            model.addAttribute("list", books);}else{
            model.addAttribute("error","查无此书");}
        model.addAttribute("queryBookName", queryBookName);return"allBook";}

6、小结

到此为止，通过这个小案例完成了SSM的整合，实现了对书籍的增删改查，希望能对大家有帮助。