0


前端BOM常用操作

BOM操作常用命令详解及代码案例

BOM(Browser Object Model)是浏览器对象模型,是浏览器提供的JavaScript操作浏览器的API。BOM提供了与网页无关的浏览器的功能对象,虽然没有正式的标准,但现代浏览器已经几乎实现了JavaScript交互性方面的相同方法和属性,因此常被认为是BOM的方法和属性。本文将详细介绍BOM操作中的常用命令,并通过代码案例进行解释。

1. 获取浏览器窗口尺寸
  • 获取可视窗口宽度window.innerWidth
  • 获取可视窗口高度window.innerHeight
<!DOCTYPEhtml><htmllang="en"><head><metacharset="UTF-8"><metahttp-equiv="X-UA-Compatible"content="IE=edge"><metaname="viewport"content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>Document</title></head><body><script>var m1 = window.innerWidth;var m2 = window.innerHeight;
        console.log(m1);
        console.log(m2);</script></body></html>
2. 浏览器的弹出层
  • 提示框window.alert('提示信息')
  • 询问框window.confirm('提示信息')
  • 输入框window.prompt('提示信息', '默认值')
<!DOCTYPEhtml><htmllang="en"><head><metacharset="UTF-8"><metahttp-equiv="X-UA-Compatible"content="IE=edge"><metaname="viewport"content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>Document</title></head><body><script>// window.alert('你好!')// var res = window.confirm('你好吗?')// console.log(res)var res2 = window.prompt('你是哪个省的?');
        console.log(res2);</script></body></html>
3. 开启和关闭标签页
  • 开启window.open('地址')
  • 关闭window.close()
<!DOCTYPEhtml><htmllang="en"><head><metacharset="UTF-8"><metahttp-equiv="X-UA-Compatible"content="IE=edge"><metaname="viewport"content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>Document</title></head><body><buttonid="on">开启</button><buttonid="off">关闭</button><script>var on = document.getElementById('on');var off = document.getElementById('off');
        on.onclick=function(){
            window.open('https://www.baidu.com/');}
        off.onclick=function(){
            window.close();}</script></body></html>
4. 浏览器常见事件
  • 资源加载完毕window.onload = function() {}
  • 可视尺寸改变window.onresize = function() {}
  • 滚动条位置改变window.onscroll = function() {}
<!DOCTYPEhtml><htmllang="en"><head><metacharset="UTF-8"><metahttp-equiv="X-UA-Compatible"content="IE=edge"><metaname="viewport"content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>Document</title></head><body><imgsrc="图片链接"alt=""><script>
        window.onload=function(){
            console.log('资源已经加载完毕');}
        window.onresize=function(){
            console.log('可视尺寸改变');}
        window.onscroll=function(){
            console.log('滚动条位置改变');}</script></body></html>
5. 浏览器的历史记录操作
  • 回退页面window.history.back()
  • 前进页面window.history.forward()
  • 跳转到指定页面window.history.go(n),其中n可以是负数(表示后退)或正数(表示前进)
<!DOCTYPEhtml><htmllang="en"><head><metacharset="UTF-8"><metahttp-equiv="X-UA-Compatible"content="IE=edge"><metaname="viewport"content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>Document</title></head><body><buttononclick="goBack()">回退</button><buttononclick="goForward()">前进</button><buttononclick="goToPage(-2)">回退两页</button><script>functiongoBack(){
            window.history.back();}functiongoForward(){
            window.history.forward();}functiongoToPage(n){
            window.history.go(n);}</script></body></html>
6. 浏览器卷去的尺寸和滚动
  • 卷去的高度document.documentElement.scrollTopwindow.scrollY
  • 卷去的宽度document.documentElement.scrollLeftwindow.scrollX
  • 滚动到指定位置window.scrollTo(left, top)window.scrollTo({left: xx, top: yy, behavior: 'smooth'})
<!DOCTYPEhtml><htmllang="en"><head><metacharset="UTF-8"><metahttp-equiv="X-UA-Compatible"content="IE=edge"><metaname="viewport"content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>Document</title><style>body{width: auto;height: 3000px;}button{position: fixed;bottom: 50px;right: 50px;}</style></head><body><buttonid="go">传送</button><script>var go = document.getElementById('go');
        go.onclick=function(){
            window.scrollTo({left:300, top:400, behavior:"smooth"});}</script></body></html>
7. Navigator对象
Navigator

对象包含有关浏览器的信息。

<!DOCTYPEhtml><htmllang="en"><head><metacharset="UTF-8"><metahttp-equiv="X-UA-Compatible"content="IE=edge"><metaname="viewport"content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>Document</title></head><body><script>
        console.log('浏览器品牌', navigator.appName);
        console.log('浏览器版本', navigator.appVersion);
        console.log('用户代理', navigator.userAgent);
        console.log('操作系统', navigator.platform);</script></body></html>
标签: 前端 javascript

本文转载自: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_63447955/article/details/142674921
版权归原作者 TechFrontRunner 所有, 如有侵权,请联系我们删除。

“前端BOM常用操作”的评论:

还没有评论