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zookeeper

简介

概念:zookeeper是一个分布式应用程序的协调服务。

作用:配置管理、分布式锁、集群管理

Zookeeper命令操作

zookeeper数据模型介绍:

zookeeper是一个树形数据结构。每一个节点被称为 ZNode,每个节点会保存自己的数据和节点信息,并允许少量的数据存储到节点下。

节点分为四类:

  • persistent 持久化节点
  • ephemeral 临时节点:-e
  • persistent_sequential 持久化顺序节点:-s
  • ephemeral_sequentia 临时顺序节点: -es

Zookeeper服务端命令

  • 启动 ZooKeeper 服务: ./zkServer.sh start
  • 查看 ZooKeeper 服务状态: ./zkServer.sh status
  • 停止 ZooKeeper 服务: ./zkServer.sh stop
  • 重启 ZooKeeper 服务: ./zkServer.sh restart

Zookeeper客户端命令

  • 连接服务端命令 ./zkCli.sh -server ip:port
  • 断开连接命令 quit
  • 查看命令帮助 help
  • 显示指定目录下节点 ls 目录
  • 创建节点 create /节点path value
  • 删除节点 delete /节点path
  • 删除带有子节点的节点 deleteall /节点path
  • 设置节点值 set /节点path value
  • 创建临时节点 create -e /节点path
  • 创建顺序节点 create -s /节点path
  • 创建临时顺序节点 create -es /节点path
  • 查看节点详细信息 ls -s /节点path

Curator

curator是 Apache XooKeeper的java客户端库。

curator api操作

public class CuratorTest {

    private CuratorFramework client;

    /**
     * 建立连接
     */
    @Before//注解是一个 JUnit 注解,用于指示应在测试类中的每个测试方法之前执行带注解的方法。换句话说,该方法将在类中的每个测试方法之前运行。@Before
    public void testConnect() {

        /*
         *
         * @param connectString       连接字符串。zk server 地址和端口 "192.168.149.135:2181,192.168.149.136:2181"
         * @param sessionTimeoutMs    会话超时时间 单位ms
         * @param connectionTimeoutMs 连接超时时间 单位ms
         * @param retryPolicy         重试策略
         */
       /* //重试策略
        RetryPolicy retryPolicy = new ExponentialBackoffRetry(3000,10);
        //1.第一种方式
        CuratorFramework client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.newClient("192.168.149.135:2181",
                60 * 1000, 15 * 1000, retryPolicy);*/
        //重试策略
        RetryPolicy retryPolicy = new ExponentialBackoffRetry(3000, 10);
        //2.第二种方式
        //CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder();
        client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder()
                .connectString("192.168.149.135:2181")
                .sessionTimeoutMs(60 * 1000)
                .connectionTimeoutMs(15 * 1000)
                .retryPolicy(retryPolicy)
                .namespace("itheima")
                .build();

        //开启连接
        client.start();

    }
//==============================create=============================================================================

    /**
     * 创建节点:create 持久 临时 顺序 数据
     * 1. 基本创建 :create().forPath("")
     * 2. 创建节点 带有数据:create().forPath("",data)
     * 3. 设置节点的类型:create().withMode().forPath("",data)
     * 4. 创建多级节点  /app1/p1 :create().creatingParentsIfNeeded().forPath("",data)
     */
    @Test
    public void testCreate() throws Exception {
        //2. 创建节点 带有数据
        //如果创建节点,没有指定数据,则默认将当前客户端的ip作为数据存储
        String path = client.create().forPath("/app2", "hehe".getBytes());
        System.out.println(path);

    }

    @Test
    public void testCreate2() throws Exception {
        //1. 基本创建
        //如果创建节点,没有指定数据,则默认将当前客户端的ip作为数据存储
        String path = client.create().forPath("/app1");
        System.out.println(path);

    }

    @Test
    public void testCreate3() throws Exception {
        //3. 设置节点的类型
        //默认类型:持久化
        String path = client.create().withMode(CreateMode.EPHEMERAL).forPath("/app3");
        System.out.println(path);

    }

    @Test
    public void testCreate4() throws Exception {
        //4. 创建多级节点  /app1/p1
        //creatingParentsIfNeeded():如果父节点不存在,则创建父节点
        String path = client.create().creatingParentsIfNeeded().forPath("/app4/p1");
        System.out.println(path);
    }
//===========================get================================================================================

    /**
     * 查询节点:
     * 1. 查询数据:get: getData().forPath()
     * 2. 查询子节点: ls: getChildren().forPath()
     * 3. 查询节点状态信息:ls -s:getData().storingStatIn(状态对象).forPath()
     */

    @Test
    public void testGet1() throws Exception {
        //1. 查询数据:get
        byte[] data = client.getData().forPath("/app1");
        System.out.println(new String(data));
    }

    @Test
    public void testGet2() throws Exception {
        // 2. 查询子节点: ls
        List<String> path = client.getChildren().forPath("/");

        System.out.println(path);
    }

    @Test
    public void testGet3() throws Exception {

        Stat status = new Stat();
        System.out.println(status);
        //3. 查询节点状态信息:ls -s
        client.getData().storingStatIn(status).forPath("/app1");

        System.out.println(status);

    }

    //===========================set================================================================================

    /**
     * 修改数据
     * 1. 基本修改数据:setData().forPath()
     * 2. 根据版本修改: setData().withVersion().forPath()
     * * version 是通过查询出来的。目的就是为了让其他客户端或者线程不干扰我。
     *
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void testSet() throws Exception {
        client.setData().forPath("/app1", "itcast".getBytes());
    }

    @Test
    public void testSetForVersion() throws Exception {

        Stat status = new Stat();
        //3. 查询节点状态信息:ls -s
        client.getData().storingStatIn(status).forPath("/app1");

        int version = status.getVersion();//查询出来的 3
        System.out.println(version);
        client.setData().withVersion(version).forPath("/app1", "hehe".getBytes());
    }

    //===========================delete================================================================================

    /**
     * 删除节点: delete deleteall
     * 1. 删除单个节点:delete().forPath("/app1");
     * 2. 删除带有子节点的节点:delete().deletingChildrenIfNeeded().forPath("/app1");
     * 3. 必须成功的删除:为了防止网络抖动。本质就是重试。  client.delete().guaranteed().forPath("/app2");
     * 4. 回调:inBackground
     * @throws Exception
     */

    @Test
    public void testDelete() throws Exception {
        // 1. 删除单个节点
        client.delete().forPath("/app1");
    }

    @Test
    public void testDelete2() throws Exception {
        //2. 删除带有子节点的节点
        client.delete().deletingChildrenIfNeeded().forPath("/app4");
    }
    @Test
    public void testDelete3() throws Exception {
        //3. 必须成功的删除
        client.delete().guaranteed().forPath("/app2");
    }

    @Test
    public void testDelete4() throws Exception {
        //4. 回调
        client.delete().guaranteed().inBackground(new BackgroundCallback(){

            @Override
            public void processResult(CuratorFramework client, CuratorEvent event) throws Exception {
                System.out.println("我被删除了~");
                System.out.println(event);
            }
        }).forPath("/app1");
    }

    @After
    public void close() {
        if (client != null) {
            client.close();
        }
    }

}

Watch事件监听

public class CuratorWatcherTest {

    private CuratorFramework client;

    /**
     * 建立连接
     */
    @Before
    public void testConnect() {

        /*
         *
         * @param connectString       连接字符串。zk server 地址和端口 "192.168.149.135:2181,192.168.149.136:2181"
         * @param sessionTimeoutMs    会话超时时间 单位ms
         * @param connectionTimeoutMs 连接超时时间 单位ms
         * @param retryPolicy         重试策略
         */
       /* //重试策略
        RetryPolicy retryPolicy = new ExponentialBackoffRetry(3000,10);
        //1.第一种方式
        CuratorFramework client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.newClient("192.168.149.135:2181",
                60 * 1000, 15 * 1000, retryPolicy);*/
        //重试策略
        RetryPolicy retryPolicy = new ExponentialBackoffRetry(3000, 10);
        //2.第二种方式
        //CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder();
        client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder()
                .connectString("192.168.149.135:2181")
                .sessionTimeoutMs(60 * 1000)
                .connectionTimeoutMs(15 * 1000)
                .retryPolicy(retryPolicy)
                .namespace("itheima")
                .build();

        //开启连接
        client.start();

    }

    @After
    public void close() {
        if (client != null) {
            client.close();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 演示 NodeCache:给指定一个节点注册监听器
     */

    @Test
    public void testNodeCache() throws Exception {
        //1. 创建NodeCache对象
        final NodeCache nodeCache = new NodeCache(client,"/app1");
        //2. 注册监听
        nodeCache.getListenable().addListener(new NodeCacheListener() {
            @Override
            public void nodeChanged() throws Exception {
                System.out.println("节点变化了~");

                //获取修改节点后的数据
                byte[] data = nodeCache.getCurrentData().getData();
                System.out.println(new String(data));
            }
        });

        //3. 开启监听.如果设置为true,则开启监听是,加载缓冲数据
        nodeCache.start(true);

        while (true){

        }
    }

    /**
     * 演示 PathChildrenCache:监听某个节点的所有子节点们
     */

    @Test
    public void testPathChildrenCache() throws Exception {
        //1.创建监听对象
        PathChildrenCache pathChildrenCache = new PathChildrenCache(client,"/app2",true);

        //2. 绑定监听器
        pathChildrenCache.getListenable().addListener(new PathChildrenCacheListener() {
            @Override
            public void childEvent(CuratorFramework client, PathChildrenCacheEvent event) throws Exception {
                System.out.println("子节点变化了~");
                System.out.println(event);
                //监听子节点的数据变更,并且拿到变更后的数据
                //1.获取类型
                PathChildrenCacheEvent.Type type = event.getType();
                //2.判断类型是否是update
                if(type.equals(PathChildrenCacheEvent.Type.CHILD_UPDATED)){
                    System.out.println("数据变了!!!");
                    byte[] data = event.getData().getData();
                    System.out.println(new String(data));

                }
            }
        });
        //3. 开启
        pathChildrenCache.start();

        while (true){

        }
    }

    /**
     * 演示 TreeCache:监听某个节点自己和所有子节点们
     */

    @Test
    public void testTreeCache() throws Exception {
        //1. 创建监听器
        TreeCache treeCache = new TreeCache(client,"/app2");

        //2. 注册监听
        treeCache.getListenable().addListener(new TreeCacheListener() {
            @Override
            public void childEvent(CuratorFramework client, TreeCacheEvent event) throws Exception {
                System.out.println("节点变化了");
                System.out.println(event);
            }
        });

        //3. 开启
        treeCache.start();

        while (true){

        }
    }

}

ZooKeeper分布式锁原理

public class Ticket12306 implements Runnable{

    private int tickets = 10;//数据库的票数

    private InterProcessMutex lock ;

    public Ticket12306(){
        //重试策略
        RetryPolicy retryPolicy = new ExponentialBackoffRetry(3000, 10);
        //2.第二种方式
        //CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder();
        CuratorFramework client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder()
                .connectString("192.168.149.135:2181")
                .sessionTimeoutMs(60 * 1000)
                .connectionTimeoutMs(15 * 1000)
                .retryPolicy(retryPolicy)
                .build();

        //开启连接
        client.start();

        lock = new InterProcessMutex(client,"/lock");
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {

        while(true){
            //获取锁
            try {
                lock.acquire(3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
                if(tickets > 0){

                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread()+":"+tickets);
                    Thread.sleep(100);
                    tickets--;
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }finally {
                //释放锁
                try {
                    lock.release();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }

    }
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
        Ticket12306 ticket12306 = new Ticket12306();

        //创建客户端
        Thread t1 = new Thread(ticket12306,"携程");
        Thread t2 = new Thread(ticket12306,"飞猪");

        t1.start();
        t2.start();
}

本文转载自: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_45104798/article/details/135159742
版权归原作者 byydzj 所有, 如有侵权,请联系我们删除。

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