目录
前言:
欢迎来到探索Spring注解的奇妙之旅!在这篇博客中,我们将深入研究Spring框架中最常用的30个注解,揭示它们的作用和用法,助你更好地掌握Spring的强大功能。
Spring作为一个广泛应用的Java框架,注解是其核心特性之一,为开发人员提供了便捷、灵活的方式来配置和管理应用。无论你是初学者还是有一定经验的开发者,这篇博客都将为你解密Spring注解的奥秘,为你提供实用而有深度的注解应用技巧。
让我们一同踏上Spring注解之旅,深入了解这些神奇的注解,为你的Spring应用增色不少。祝你在这趟注解之旅中有所收获,希望这篇博客成为你学习Spring注解的得力指南! 🌼🌐
1-10 Spring常用注解解析
- @Autowired - 自动注入
@AutowiredprivateMyService myService; - @Controller - 控制器
@ControllerpublicclassMyController{// Controller code} - @Service - 服务层
@ServicepublicclassMyService{// Service code} - @Repository - 数据仓库
@RepositorypublicclassMyRepository{// Repository code} - @RequestMapping - 请求映射
@Controller@RequestMapping("/my")publicclassMyController{// Controller code} - @GetMapping - GET请求映射
@Controller@RequestMapping("/my")publicclassMyController{@GetMapping("/info")publicStringgetInfo(){// Method code}} - @PostMapping - POST请求映射
@Controller@RequestMapping("/my")publicclassMyController{@PostMapping("/create")publicStringcreate(){// Method code}} - @PathVariable - 路径变量
@Controller@RequestMapping("/my")publicclassMyController{@GetMapping("/info/{id}")publicStringgetInfo(@PathVariableLong id){// Method code}} - @RequestParam - 请求参数
@Controller@RequestMapping("/my")publicclassMyController{@GetMapping("/info")publicStringgetInfo(@RequestParamString name){// Method code}} - @ResponseBody - 返回JSON格式数据
@Controller@RequestMapping("/my")publicclassMyController{@GetMapping("/info")@ResponseBodypublicMap<String,String>getInfo(){// Method code}
11-20 Spring进阶注解深度解析
- @Configuration - 配置类
@ConfigurationpublicclassAppConfig{// Configuration code} - @Bean - 定义Bean
@ConfigurationpublicclassAppConfig{@BeanpublicMyServicemyService(){returnnewMyServiceImpl();}} - @ComponentScan - 组件扫描
@Configuration@ComponentScan("com.example")publicclassAppConfig{// Configuration code} - @Value - 注入属性值
@ComponentpublicclassMyComponent{@Value("${my.property}")privateString property;} - @Qualifier - 限定符注入
@Autowired@Qualifier("myServiceImpl")privateMyService myService; - @Profile - 环境配置
@Configuration@Profile("dev")publicclassDevConfig{// Dev configuration code} - @Scope - Bean作用域
@Component@Scope("prototype")publicclassMyComponent{// Component code} - @Lazy - 懒加载
@Component@LazypublicclassMyComponent{// Component code} - @Async - 异步方法
@ServicepublicclassMyService{@AsyncpublicvoidasyncMethod(){// Async method code}} - @Scheduled - 定时任务
@ServicepublicclassMyService{@Scheduled(fixedRate =5000)publicvoidscheduledMethod(){// Scheduled method code}}
21-30 Spring进阶注解深度解析
- @Transaction - 事务管理
@ServicepublicclassMyService{@TransactionalpublicvoidperformTransaction(){// Transactional method code}} - @Cacheable - 缓存数据
@ServicepublicclassMyService{@Cacheable("myCache")publicStringgetCachedData(){// Cached data retrieval code}} - @CacheEvict - 清除缓存
@ServicepublicclassMyService{@CacheEvict("myCache")publicvoidclearCache(){// Cache clearing code}} - @Validated - 参数验证
@RestControllerpublicclassMyController{@PostMapping("/validate")publicResponseEntity<String>validateData(@RequestBody@ValidatedMyDto myDto){// Validation code}} - @ExceptionHandler - 异常处理
@ControllerAdvicepublicclassGlobalExceptionHandler{@ExceptionHandler(MyException.class)publicResponseEntity<String>handleMyException(MyException ex){// Exception handling code}} - @ModelAttribute - 模型属性
@ControllerpublicclassMyController{@ModelAttribute("myData")publicMyDataprepareData(){// Model attribute preparation code}} - @CookieValue - 获取Cookie值
@ControllerpublicclassMyController{@GetMapping("/getCookie")publicStringgetCookieValue(@CookieValue(name ="myCookie")String cookieValue){// Cookie value retrieval code}} - @RequestHeader - 获取请求头
@ControllerpublicclassMyController{@GetMapping("/getHeader")publicStringgetHeaderValue(@RequestHeader("myHeader")String headerValue){// Header value retrieval code}} - @ResponseStatus - 设置响应状态
@RestControllerpublicclassMyController{@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.CREATED)@PostMapping("/createResource")publicvoidcreateResource(){// Resource creation code}} - @PropertySource - 加载属性文件
@Configuration@PropertySource("classpath:my.properties")publicclassMyConfig{// Configuration code}
结语
感谢你的持续关注,希望这30个Spring注解能够为你的Spring项目开发提供更多便利和灵活性。Spring注解的丰富功能,让开发变得更加高效、简洁。
期待下次与你一同探讨更多的Spring框架知识,愿你在Spring的世界中越走越远,创造出更加出色的应用! 🌺📚
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