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物流项目中Oracle 数据库的使用及OGG是如何同步

文章目录

业务服务器之Oracle 数据库

​ 首先物流系统Logistics使用Oracle数据库,采用Docker容器部署,启动容器Contanier,再启动Oracle数据库,进行访问,查看数据库database中表:物流系统相关业务表。

  • 1)、针对myoracle容器来说,启动容器以后,不会启动Oracle数据库相关服务,需要手动启动
  • 2)、Oracle数据库相关服务:数据库服务Server和监听服务Listener。

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# 使用VMWare 启动node1.itcast.cn虚拟机,使用root用户(密码123456)登录

# 1) 启动容器
[root@node1 ~]# docker ps -a
cb7a41433712        kungkk/oracle11g_centos7:latest   "/bin/bash"              9 months ago        Exited (255) 6 months ago   0.0.0.0:1521->1521/tcp                                    myoracle

[root@node1 ~]# docker start myoracle
myoracle

[root@node1 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                             COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES
cb7a41433712        kungkk/oracle11g_centos7:latest   "/bin/bash"         9 months ago        Up 11 seconds       0.0.0.0:1521->1521/tcp   myoracle

[root@node1 ~]# docker exec -it myoracle /bin/bash

# 2) 启动Oracle数据库服务
[root@node1 ~]# docker exec -it myoracle /bin/bash
[root@server01 oracle]# su - oracle
Last login: Mon Aug 31 09:00:22 UTC 2020 on pts/2
-bash: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (en_US): No such file or directory
-bash: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (en_US): No such file or directory
[oracle@server01 ~]$ 
[oracle@server01 ~]$ which sqlplus
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/sqlplus
[oracle@server01 ~]$ 
[oracle@server01 ~]$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Mon Mar 15 02:03:24 2021

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1202556928 bytes
Fixed Size                  2212816 bytes
Variable Size             654314544 bytes
Database Buffers          536870912 bytes
Redo Buffers                9158656 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

# 3) 启动Oracle监听服务
[root@node1 ~]# docker exec -it myoracle /bin/bash
[root@server01 oracle]# su - oracle
Last login: Mon Mar 15 02:02:42 UTC 2021 on pts/0
-bash: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (en_US): No such file or directory
-bash: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (en_US): No such file or directory
[oracle@server01 ~]$ 
[oracle@server01 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/bin 
[oracle@server01 bin]$ 
[oracle@server01 bin]$ lsnrctl start

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 15-MAR-2021 02:06:40

Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0//bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/server01/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=server01)(PORT=1521)))

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date                15-MAR-2021 02:06:42
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/server01/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=server01)(PORT=1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully

# 当Oracle数据库服务和监听服务启动完成以后,执行如下命令,如果成功,表示服务OK
SQL> select instance_name AS "SID",host_name,version  from v$instance;

SID
--------------------------------
HOST_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VERSION
----------------------------------
orcl
server01
11.2.0.1.0

使用工具:

DBeave

数据库客户端,连接Oracle数据库

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创建Oracle数据库连接,填写上述配置信息,测试连接是否成功过

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连接到Oracle数据库,打开表,查看数据

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06-[掌握]-OGG 数据同步之功能概述

​ 针对整个物流项目来说,数据采集属于

实时增量采集

数据,只要业务数据一旦产生,就立即将业务数据获取,进行ETL转换,存储到存储引擎中(比如Kudu数据库和Es索引等)。

  • 1)、业务数据量比较多,快速存储
  • 2)、实时性业务分析统计,快速分析

使用OGG中间件(框架)实时采集Oracle数据库表的数据,同步到Kafka分布式消息队列中。

OGG 是一种基于日志的结构化数据复制软件,它通过解析源数据库在线日志:online log或归档日志:archive log获得数据的增删改变化(数据量只有日志的四分之一左右);

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​ OGG 能够实现大量交易数据的实时捕捉,变换和投递,实现源数据库与目标数据库的数据同步,保持最少10ms的数据延迟。

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应用场景:主要三个方面

  • 高可用(HA:High Availability)容灾
  • 数据库迁移、升级(支持跨版本、异构数据库、零宕机时间、亚秒级恢复)
  • 实时数据集成(支持异构数据库、多源数据库)

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07-[掌握]-OGG 数据同步之基本原理及架构

​ Oracle GoldenGate 实现原理是通过抽取源端的redo log 或者 archive log ,然后通过TCP/IP投递到目标端,最后解析还原应用到目标端,使目标端实现 同源端数据同步。

详细OGG如何数据同步,基本原理和架构:

  • 1)、源端(SRC):获取Oracle数据表数据,从日志文件获取- 管理者:MGR(Manger)- 第一、进程:Extract提取进程,获取日志数据文件- 第二、本地缓存:Local TrailFile,将日志文件数据存储到本地TrailFile文件中,缓存- 第三、进程:(可选)Pump进程,将本地Local TrailFile发送给目标端
  • 2)、目标端(DST):发送数据到目标,如Topic - 管理者:MGR(Manger)- 第一、进程:Collect进程,接收源端pump进程发送的数据,新版添加进程- 第二、远程缓存:RemoteTrailFile,目标端接收到数据文件以后,进行缓存- 第三、进程:Replicat进程,复制进程,解析RemoteTrailFile文件,转换JSON格式,发送到Kafka

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OGG采集数据时,完整结构如上如所示:分为源端SRC和目标端DST,都有自己管理进程MGR。

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Extract 进程用来捕获数据源,有三种类型:

  • 1)、initial load:加载整张表的数据,属于批量加载
  • 2)、恢复日志/事务日志:恢复数据库表的数据
  • 3)、捕获模型,实时监控日志文件,已有数据,立即捕获

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Data pump

是Extract的辅助可选组件,如果不配置Data pump,Extract将捕获的数据直接发给目标机器上的Collector进程。

08-[理解]-OGG 数据同步之拓扑结构及支持环境

​ OGG架构和原理,发现架构划分比较细(分工比较细),OGG在实际项目中,使用时,常见拓扑结构和支持环境,以后如果考虑使用OGG实时同步数据时参考。

Oracle数据库配置集群Cluster,称为Oracle RAC(Real Application Cluster

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​ 由此可见,GoldenGate TDM的复制模式非常灵活,用户可以根据自己的需求选择特定的复制方式,并根据系统扩展对复制进行扩展。

源和目标的操作系统和数据库可以进行任意的组合。

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​ 目前来说,如果企业项目使用OGG进行数据同步时,通常还是SRC为:Oracle数据库,DST:Oracle数据库或Kafka消息队列。

09-[掌握]-OGG 数据同步之测试环境准备

如何配置OGG实现实时数据同步到Kafka,无需掌握步骤,比较繁琐,让DBA完成。

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​ 提供虚拟机【

node1.itcast.cn

】中Docker 容器【myoracle】已经安装完

OGG(源端和目标端)

,只需要启动OGG的源端SRC服务和目标端DST服务即可。

  • 1)、源端SRC- Manager管理(mgr)、Extract进程、LocalTrail、Pump进程
  • 2)、目标端DST- Manager管理(mgr)、Remote Trail 、复制进程Replicat

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​ 由于使用OGG实时采集Oracle数据库表数据(日志文件),将数据同步到Kafka消息对象,所以首先启动Kafka服务(先启动Zookeeper服务),打开提供【

node2.itcast.cn

】,使用CM界面启动ZK和Kafka服务。

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启动OGG配置服务,分为源端和目标端,参考提供【启动命令:Oracle数据库和OGG服务.txt】,具体命令;

#  ============= 切换到 oracle 账号,并且启动Oracle数据库 =============

# 第一步:启动源端mgr进程
[root@node1 ~]# docker exec -it myoracle /bin/bash
[root@server01 oracle]# su - oracle
Last login: Mon Mar 15 02:06:07 UTC 2021 on pts/1
-bash: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (en_US): No such file or directory
-bash: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (en_US): No such file or directory
[oracle@server01 ~]$ cd $OGG_SRC_HOME
[oracle@server01 src]$ ./ggsci 

Oracle GoldenGate Command Interpreter for Oracle
Version 11.2.1.0.3 14400833 OGGCORE_11.2.1.0.3_PLATFORMS_120823.1258_FBO
Linux, x64, 64bit (optimized), Oracle 11g on Aug 23 2012 20:20:21

Copyright (C) 1995, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

GGSCI (server01) 1> start mgr

Manager started.

GGSCI (server01) 2> info all

Program     Status      Group       Lag at Chkpt  Time Since Chkpt

MANAGER     RUNNING                                           
EXTRACT     ABENDED     EXTKAFKA    00:00:00      4598:05:35  
EXTRACT     ABENDED     PUKAFKA     00:00:00      4598:05:31  

# 第二步:启动目标端mgr进程
[root@node1 ~]# docker exec -it myoracle /bin/bash
[root@server01 oracle]# su - oracle
Last login: Mon Mar 15 03:48:01 UTC 2021 on pts/0
-bash: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (en_US): No such file or directory
-bash: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (en_US): No such file or directory
[oracle@server01 ~]$ cd $OGG_TGR_HOME
[oracle@server01 tgr]$ ./ggsci
start mgrOracle GoldenGate for Big Data
Version 12.3.1.1.1

Oracle GoldenGate Command Interpreter
Version 12.3.0.1.0 OGGCORE_OGGADP.12.3.0.1.0GA_PLATFORMS_170828.1608
Linux, x64, 64bit (optimized), Generic on Aug 28 2017 17:13:45
Operating system character set identified as US-ASCII.

Copyright (C) 1995, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

GGSCI (server01) 2> start mgr
Manager started.

GGSCI (server01) 3> info all

Program     Status      Group       Lag at Chkpt  Time Since Chkpt

MANAGER     RUNNING                                           
REPLICAT    ABENDED     REKAFKA     00:00:00      4598:06:12  

# 第三步:启动源端extract进程
GGSCI (server01) 3> start EXTKAFKA

Sending START request to MANAGER ...
EXTRACT EXTKAFKA starting

# 第四步:启动源端pump进程
GGSCI (server01) 4> start PUKAFKA

Sending START request to MANAGER ...
EXTRACT PUKAFKA starting

GGSCI (server01) 5> info all

Program     Status      Group       Lag at Chkpt  Time Since Chkpt

MANAGER     RUNNING                                           
EXTRACT     RUNNING     EXTKAFKA    4598:08:10    00:00:00    
EXTRACT     RUNNING     PUKAFKA     00:00:00      4598:07:38  

# 第五步:启动目标端replicate进程
GGSCI (server01) 4> start REKAFKA

Sending START request to MANAGER ...
REPLICAT REKAFKA starting

GGSCI (server01) 7> info all

Program     Status      Group       Lag at Chkpt  Time Since Chkpt

MANAGER     RUNNING                                           
REPLICAT    RUNNING     REKAFKA     00:00:00      00:00:08    

使用KafkaTool工具连接Kafka集群,查看Topic信息和数据

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10-[掌握]-OGG 数据同步之物流数据同步Kafka

采用OGG中间件将Oracle数据库表的数据实时同步到Kafka消息队列中:

  • 1)、源端 :Oracle数据库【itcast】
  • 2)、采集工具:OGG,分为SRC和DST
  • 3)、目标端:Kafka 消息队列【logistics】

测试:向Oracle数据库某张表中插入insert、更新update及删除delete操作,查看Kafka Topic中数据

目前OGG11版本,延迟性相对较大,在2s左右,需要进行合理化调参配置,到OGG12版本,很快。

  • 1)、插入数据测试
-- 插入数据INSERT
INSERT INTO ITCAST."tbl_company"("id", "company_name", "city_id", "company_number", "company_addr", "company_addr_gis", "company_tel", "is_sub_company", "state", "cdt", "udt", "remark")VALUES(11, '广州码农速递邮箱公司', 440100, NULL, '广州校区', '117.28177895734918_31.842711680531399', NULL, 1, 1, TO_DATE('2020-06-13 15:24:51','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'), TO_DATE('2020-06-13 15:24:51','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'), NULL);

同步至Kafka Topic中JSON数据

{"table":"ITCAST.tbl_company","op_type":"I","op_ts":"2021-03-15 03:57:07.000306","current_ts":"2021-03-15T03:57:20.578000","pos":"00000000150000001245","after":{"id":11,"company_name":"广州码农速递邮箱公司","city_id":440100,"company_number":null,"company_addr":"广州校区","company_addr_gis":"117.28177895734918_31.842711680531399","company_tel":null,"is_sub_company":1,"state":1,"cdt":"2020-06-13 15:24:51","udt":"2020-06-13 15:24:51","remark":null}}
  • 2)、更新数据测试
-- 更新数据UPDATE
UPDATE ITCAST."tbl_company" SET "company_name"='广州码农速递有限公司-1' WHERE "id"=11;

同步至Kafka Topic中JSON数据

{"table":"ITCAST.tbl_company","op_type":"U","op_ts":"2021-03-15 03:59:28.000248","current_ts":"2021-03-15T03:59:40.378000","pos":"00000000150000001980","before":{"id":11,"company_name":"广州码农速递邮箱公司","city_id":440100,"company_number":null,"company_addr":"广州校区","company_addr_gis":"117.28177895734918_31.842711680531399","company_tel":null,"is_sub_company":1,"state":1,"cdt":"2020-06-13 15:24:51","udt":"2020-06-13 15:24:51","remark":null},"after":{"id":11,"company_name":"广州码农速递有限公司-1","city_id":440100,"company_number":null,"company_addr":"广州校区","company_addr_gis":"117.28177895734918_31.842711680531399","company_tel":null,"is_sub_company":1,"state":1,"cdt":"2020-06-13 15:24:51","udt":"2020-06-13 15:24:51","remark":null}}
  • 3)、删除数据测试
-- 删除数据DELETE
DELETE ITCAST."tbl_company" WHERE "id"=11;

同步至Kafka Topic中JSON数据

{"table":"ITCAST.tbl_company","op_type":"D","op_ts":"2021-03-15 04:01:16.000109","current_ts":"2021-03-15T04:01:30.756000","pos":"00000000150000002328","before":{"id":11,"company_name":"广州码农速递有限公司-1","city_id":440100,"company_number":null,"company_addr":"广州校区","company_addr_gis":"117.28177895734918_31.842711680531399","company_tel":null,"is_sub_company":1,"state":1,"cdt":"2020-06-13 15:24:51","udt":"2020-06-13 15:24:51","remark":null}}

可以查看Oracle数据库日志存储,命令如下:

[root@node1 ~]# docker exec -it myoracle /bin/bash
[root@server01 oracle]# su - oracle
[oracle@server01 ~]$ source ~/.bash_profile 
-bash: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (en_US): No such file or directory
-bash: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (en_US): No such file or directory
[oracle@server01 ~]$ 
[oracle@server01 ~]$ cd $ORACLE_BASE/flash_recovery_area/ORCL 
[oracle@server01 ORCL]$ ll
total 4
drwxr-x---. 22 oracle oinstall 4096 Mar 15 02:03 archivelog
drwxr-x---.  2 oracle oinstall    6 May 28  2020 onlinelog
[oracle@server01 ORCL]$ ll archivelog/
drwxr-x---. 2 oracle oinstall   70 Mar 15 02:33 2021_03_15
[oracle@server01 ORCL]$ 
[oracle@server01 ORCL]$ cd archivelog/   
[oracle@server01 archivelog]$ cd 2021_03_15
[oracle@server01 2021_03_15]$ ll
total 47308
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall  2518528 Mar 15 02:03 o1_mf_1_95_j4xj46x5_.arc
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 45922816 Mar 15 02:33 o1_mf_1_96_j4xkwl5y_.arc

本文转载自: https://blog.csdn.net/xianyu120/article/details/124624790
版权归原作者 Maynor学长 所有, 如有侵权,请联系我们删除。

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