Spring Boot 中批量执行 SQL 脚本的实践

在Spring Boot应用中，有时候我们需要批量执行存储在数据库中的 SQL 脚本。本文将介绍一个实际的案例，演示如何通过 Spring Boot、MyBatis 和数据库来实现这一目标。

0、数据库层

CREATETABLE batchUpdate (

    id INTAUTO_INCREMENTPRIMARYKEY,
    update_type VARCHAR(255)NOTNULL,
    success_flag BOOLEANNOTNULL,
    failure_count INTNOTNULL,
    execution_time TIMESTAMPDEFAULTCURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
    sql_script TEXTNOTNULL);-- 第一条数据INSERTINTO`batch_update`(`update_type`,`success_flag`,`failure_count`,`update_count`,`sql_script`)VALUES('update_type_1',0,0,0,'UPDATE batch_update SET success_flag = 1, update_count = update_count + 1 WHERE update_type = ''update_type_1'';

UPDATE batch_update SET success_flag = 1, update_count = update_count + 1 WHERE update_type = ''update_type_1'';

UPDATE batch_update SET failure_count = failure_count + 1, update_count = update_count + 1 WHERE update_type = ''update_type_1'';');-- 第二条数据INSERTINTO`batch_update`(`update_type`,`success_flag`,`failure_count`,`update_count`,`sql_script`)VALUES('update_type_2',0,0,0,'UPDATE batch_update SET success_flag = 1, update_count = update_count + 1 WHERE update_type = ''update_type_2'';

UPDATE batch_update SET success_flag = 1, update_count = update_count + 1 WHERE update_type = ''update_type_2'';

UPDATE batch_update SET failure_count = failure_count + 1, update_count = update_count + 1 WHERE update_type = ''update_type_2'';');-- 第三条数据INSERTINTO`batch_update`(`update_type`,`success_flag`,`failure_count`,`update_count`,`sql_script`)VALUES('update_type_1',0,0,0,'UPDATE batch_update SET success_flag = 1, update_count = update_count + 1 WHERE update_type = ''update_type_1'';

UPDATE batch_update SET success_flag = 1, update_count = update_count + 1 WHERE update_type = ''update_type_1'';

UPDATE batch_update SET failure_count = failure_count + 1, update_count = update_count + 1 WHERE update_type = ''update_type_1'';');-- 第四条数据INSERTINTO`batch_update`(`update_type`,`success_flag`,`failure_count`,`update_count`,`sql_script`)VALUES('update_type_2',0,0,0,'UPDATE batch_update SET success_flag = 1, update_count = update_count + 1 WHERE update_type = ''update_type_2'';

UPDATE batch_update SET success_flag = 1, update_count = update_count + 1 WHERE update_type = ''update_type_2'';

UPDATE batch_update SET failure_count = failure_count + 1, update_count = update_count + 1 WHERE update_type = ''update_type_2'';');

1. 控制器层（Controller）

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/batchUpdate")
@AllArgsConstructor
public class BatchUpdateController {

    private BatchUpdateService batchUpdateService;

    @PostMapping("/executeScript/{updateType}")
    public String executeScript(@PathVariable String updateType) {
        List<BatchUpdateEntity> batchUpdateEntities = batchUpdateService.findByUpdateType(updateType);

        if (batchUpdateEntities.isEmpty()) {
            return "Update type not found.";
        }

        for (BatchUpdateEntity batchUpdateEntity : batchUpdateEntities) {
            batchUpdateService.executeSqlScriptBatch(batchUpdateEntity);
        }

        return "SQL scripts executed successfully.";
    }
}

2. 服务层（Service）

javaCopy code
@Service
@AllArgsConstructor
public class BatchUpdateService {

    private BatchUpdateMapper batchUpdateMapper;

    public List<BatchUpdateEntity> findByUpdateType(String updateType) {
        return batchUpdateMapper.findByUpdateType(updateType);
    }

    public void executeSqlScriptBatch(BatchUpdateEntity batchUpdateEntity) {
        String sqlScript = batchUpdateEntity.getSqlScript();
        List<String> sqlScripts = Arrays.stream(sqlScript.split(";"))
                .map(String::trim)
                .filter(s -> !s.isEmpty())
                .toList();
        System.out.println(sqlScripts.size());
        sqlScripts.forEach(sql -> {
            System.out.println("要执行的sql:" + sql);
            batchUpdateMapper.executeSqlScript(sql);
            System.out.println("已执行的sql:" + sql);
        });
    }
}

3. 数据访问层（Mapper）

@Mapper
public interface BatchUpdateMapper {

    List<BatchUpdateEntity> findByUpdateType(@Param("updateType") String updateType);
    void executeSqlScript(@Param("sql") String sql);
}

4. MyBatis 配置文件（BatchUpdateMapper.xml）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.lfsun.sqlscript.BatchUpdateMapper">

    <resultMap id="BatchUpdateEntityResultMap" type="com.lfsun.sqlscript.BatchUpdateEntity">
        <id property="id" column="id" />
        <result property="updateType" column="update_type" />
        <result property="successFlag" column="success_flag" />
        <result property="failureCount" column="failure_count" />
        <result property="executionTime" column="execution_time" />
        <result property="sqlScript" column="sql_script" />
    </resultMap>

    <select id="findByUpdateType" resultMap="BatchUpdateEntityResultMap">
        SELECT * FROM batch_update WHERE update_type = #{updateType}
    </select>
    <update id="executeSqlScript">
        ${sql}
    </update>
</mapper>

通过这个案例，可以学到如何在 Spring Boot 中通过 MyBatis 实现批量执行 SQL 脚本的功能。在控制器层中，我们通过

@PostMapping

注解定义了一个接口，接收

updateType

作为路径参数，然后调用服务层的方法。服务层中，我们通过 MyBatis 执行 SQL 脚本，实现了对数据库的批量操作。