基于C#制作一个飞机大战小游戏

此文主要基于C#制作一个飞机大战游戏，重温经典的同时亦可学习。

实现流程

1、创建项目

1. 打开Visual Studio，右侧选择创建新项目。

1. 搜索框输入winform，选择windows窗体应用，填写对应的保存路径点击下一步，创建成功后如下图，会有一个默认打开的Form窗体。

2、界面绘制

1. 准备对应的素材(飞机、子弹、音效等)，通过Icon以及窗体Text属性修改窗体图标以及标题显示；同时配置StartPosition属性值为CenterScreen，让窗体默认居中显示。

1. 双击窗体生成窗体加载事件并定义函数对背景进行初始化。

使用Random产生随机数，从资源中获取图片设置为窗体背景。

        private const int PLANE_OFFSET =2;       //设置每次定时器触发时图片发生偏移的速度
        
        private int pix_x =0;
        private int pix_y =0;         //背景图片移动起始的坐标
        int shot_y =10;
        int blood_y =50;
        private Image[] bgrounds;        //设置多张背景图片，每次运行程序随机产生背景图片
        int index =0;                           //背景图片索引
        Image avatar = Resource.imgHeadSheep;     //角色头像图片
        Image boomImg = Resource.bomb4;          //爆炸效果图片
        Image shotImg = Resource.shotgun;
        Image bloodImg = Resource.bloodbox;

        bool isDropGun =false;      //是否产生shotgun的标志
        bool isDropBox =false;       //是否产生bloodbox的标志

        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)//窗体加载事件
        {
            InitBackground();              //初始化背景
        }

        public GameForm(){
            InitializeComponent();
            this.Size = new Size(420, 630);//让窗体与图片一样大
            //this.DoubleBuffered =true; //双缓冲区
        }
         ///<summary>
        /// 初始化背景，随机生成背景图片
        /// </summary>
        public void InitBackground(){
            bgrounds = new Image[4];
            Random rd = new Random();
            index = rd.Next(0, 4);//产生0-3的随机数，表示不同背景
            bgrounds[0]= Resource.background1;//从资源获取图片
            bgrounds[1]= Resource.background2;
            bgrounds[2]= Resource.background3;
            bgrounds[3]= Resource.background4;}

1. 新建一个背景移动函数，通过定时位置让图片发生偏移，防止有空白。

/// <summary>
/// 背景移动函数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="e">图形对象</param>
public void BackMove(Graphics e)//通过定时位置让图片发生偏移，防止有空白
{
    e = this.CreateGraphics();
    pix_y += PLANE_OFFSET;if(pix_y >630){
        pix_y =0;}}

1. 通过工具箱拖拽两个定时器到窗体上并设置定时器事件，用于定时生成血包以及强化弹药。

/// <summary>
/// 设置定时器1事件
/// </summary>
private void timer1_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e){
    this.Invalidate();  //使当前窗口无效，系统自动调用OnPaint()函数重绘
}

/// <summary>
/// 设置定时器2事件
/// </summary>
private void timer2_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e){
    Graphics g = this.CreateGraphics();for(int j =0; j < Fighter.fighters.Count; j++){if(Fighter.fighters[j].flag){
            g.DrawImage(boomImg, Fighter.fighters[j].GetLoc());
            SoundPlayer music = new SoundPlayer(Resource.BOMB21);
            music.Play(); 
            Fighter.fighters.Remove(Fighter.fighters[j]);}}}

1. 通过Graphics类绘制游戏界面，Graphics类作用为封装一个GDI+绘图图画，效果如下。

函数作用DrawImage在指定位置并且按指定大小绘制指定的ImageDrawRectangle绘制由Rectangle结构指定的矩形FillRectangle填充由一对坐标、一个宽度和一个高度指定的矩形的内部DrawString在指定位置并目用指定的 Brush 和 Font 对象绘制指定的文本字符串DrawImage在指定位置并且按指定大小绘制指定的Image

/// <summary>
/// 绘制游戏界面
/// </summary>
/// <param name="g"></param>
private void DrawGame(Graphics g){
    this.BackMove(g);               
    g.DrawImage(bgrounds[index], pix_x, pix_y, 420, 630);           
    g.DrawImage(bgrounds[index], pix_x, pix_y - 630, 420, 630);       //绘制背景

    g.DrawImage(avatar, 10, 10);                                            //绘制角色头像
    g.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.Black), new Rectangle(10, 100, 100, 10));     //绘制血条矩形
    g.FillRectangle(Brushes.Red, 10, 101, MyPlane.health, 9);                   //填充血条矩形

    g.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.Blue), new Rectangle(10, 120, 100, 10));
    g.FillRectangle(Brushes.Green, 11, 121, MyPlane.score, 9);
    g.DrawString("Player：摔跤猫子", new Font("宋体", 9, FontStyle.Bold), Brushes.Yellow, new Point(10, 140));      //显示玩家
    g.DrawString("Score：" + MyPlane.score, new Font("宋体", 9, FontStyle.Bold), Brushes.Yellow, new Point(10, 160));      //显示分数
}

3、我方飞机

1. 创建一个MyPlane实体类，定义字段如下。

        public static int x =180;
        public static int y =530;//坐标
        public static int health =100; //血量
        
        private const int PLANE_OFFSET =12;//移动速度
        
        public static Image myPlaneImg=Resource.plane;//我方飞机图片
        static List<Keys> keys = new List<Keys>();//键盘键列表，用于控制飞机移动
        static Image gameOver = Resource.gameover;

        public static bool isGetGun =false;//是否得到shotgun的标志
        public static bool isGetBlood =false;//是否得到bloodbox的标志
        public static bool isGameOver =false; //游戏是否结束的标志
        public static int score =0;      //得分

1. 调用Graphics类的DrawImage函数显示我方飞机。

/// <summary>
/// 显示我方飞机
/// </summary>
/// <param name="g"></param>
public static void MyPlaneShow(Graphics g){if(health >0){
        g.DrawImage(myPlaneImg, x, y);}elseif(health <=0|| score <=0){
        isGameOver =true;
        g.DrawImage(myPlaneImg, 0, -300);
        g.DrawImage(gameOver, 10, 260);}elseif(isGetBlood && health <=90){
        health +=10;}}

1. 通过Keys类定义键盘事件函数。

成员名称说明KeyCode从键值提取键代码的位屏蔽Modifiers从键值提取修饰符的位屏蔽None没有按任何键LButton鼠标左按钮RButton鼠标石按钮CancelCancel 键MButton鼠标中按钮(三个按钮的鼠标)XButton1第一个X鼠标按钮(五个按钮的鼠标)XButton2第二个 X 鼠标按钮(五个按钮的鼠标)BackBackspace 键

这里先用熟悉的WASD键来控制我方飞机移动。

/// <summary>
/// 显示我方飞机
/// </summary>
/// <param name="g"></param>
public static void MyPlaneShow(Graphics g){if(health >0){
        g.DrawImage(myPlaneImg, x, y);}elseif(health <=0|| score <=0){
        isGameOver =true;
        g.DrawImage(myPlaneImg, 0, -300);
        g.DrawImage(gameOver, 10, 260);}elseif(isGetBlood && health <=90){
        health +=10;}}

/// <summary>
/// 松开键盘键
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key"></param>
public static void Keyup(Keys key){
    keys.Remove(key);}

/// <summary>
/// 按下键盘键
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key"></param>
public static void Keydown(Keys key){if(!keys.Contains(key)){
        keys.Add(key);}}

/// <summary>
/// 判断按键是否被按下
/// </summary>
/// <param name="key"></param>
/// <returns>是则返回true  不是则返回false</returns>
public static bool IsKeyDown(Keys key){return keys.Contains(key);}

/// <summary>
/// 用键盘控制我方飞机移动
/// </summary>
public static void MyPlaneMove(){
    if(isGameOver){return;}if(IsKeyDown(Keys.A)){
        myPlaneImg = Resource.planeLeft;if(x <5)
            x =5;
        x -= PLANE_OFFSET;}if(IsKeyDown(Keys.D)){
        myPlaneImg = Resource.planeRight;if(x >370)
            x =370;
        x += PLANE_OFFSET;}if(IsKeyDown(Keys.W)){if(y <5)
            y =5;
        y -= PLANE_OFFSET;}if(IsKeyDown(Keys.S)){if(y >530)
            y =530;
        y += PLANE_OFFSET;}}

4、敌方飞机

1. 创建一个Fighter实体类，定义字段如下。

Image redImg;
Image greenImg;
Image yellowImg;
public Image fighterImg;//敌机图片
private const int FIGHTER_OFFSET =4;//敌机图片移动速度
public int _x =0;
public int _y =0;//敌机图片移动起始的坐标
public static List<Fighter> fighters = new List<Fighter>();//敌机对象列表
private int fi;//敌机图片索引
List<Image> imgList = new List<Image>();//敌机图片列表
public bool flag =false;//碰撞的标志

1. 通过Random产生随机数，用于定义随机出现的敌机x以及y点坐标。

/// <summary>
/// 随机产生敌机
/// </summary>
public static void ProduceFighter(){
    Random rad = new Random();if(rad.Next(18)==0){
        Fighter f = new Fighter(rad.Next(0, 350), rad.Next(0, 3));
        fighters.Add(f);}}

public Fighter(int x,int i){
       _x = x;//横坐标
       fi= i;
       redImg = Resource.fighterRed;
       greenImg = Resource.fighterGreen;
       yellowImg = Resource.fighterYellow;
       switch (fi){case0:
               fighterImg = redImg;break;case1:
               fighterImg = greenImg;break;case2:
               fighterImg = yellowImg;break;
           default:
               break;}
       imgList.Add(redImg);
       imgList.Add(greenImg);
       imgList.Add(yellowImg);}

1. 通过Graphics绘制敌机图片。

/// <summary>
/// 出现敌机
/// </summary>
public void FighterShow(Graphics g){
   g.DrawImage(fighterImg,_x,_y);}

public void fMove(){
    _y += FIGHTER_OFFSET;}

/// <summary>
/// 敌机移动函数
/// </summary>
public static void FighterMove(Graphics g)//通过定时位置让图片发生偏移
{for(int i =0; i < fighters.Count; i++){
        fighters[i].FighterShow(g);
        fighters[i].fMove();if(fighters[i]._y >650){
            fighters.Remove(fighters[i]);}}}

5、子弹及碰撞检测

1. 创建一个MyBullet实体类，定义字段如下。

private int x;//子弹横坐标
private int y;//子弹纵坐标
private const int BULLET_OFFSET =18;//移动速度
public int Angle;//子弹角度
private Image bulImg;//定义子弹图片
private const double PI = Math.PI;
public static List<MyBullet> mybulList = new List<MyBullet>();//子弹对象集合

static Bitmap bm = new Bitmap(Resource.bomb4);//爆炸图片
public bool isHit =false;//碰撞的标志

1. 通过按键盘J键来产生我方子弹

  /// <summary>
  /// 通过按键盘J键来产生我方子弹
  /// </summary>
  public static void ProduceMybul(){if(!MyPlane.isGameOver && MyPlane.IsKeyDown(Keys.J)){
          mybulList.Add(new MyBullet(MyPlane.x + 13, MyPlane.y - 10, 0));if(MyPlane.isGetGun){
              mybulList.Add(new MyBullet(MyPlane.x + 13, MyPlane.y - 8, 60));
              mybulList.Add(new MyBullet(MyPlane.x + 7, MyPlane.y - 8, 30));
              mybulList.Add(new MyBullet(MyPlane.x + 30, MyPlane.y - 12, 120));
              mybulList.Add(new MyBullet(MyPlane.x, MyPlane.y - 7, 150));}}}

1. 定义敌机碰撞检测方法

/// <summary>
/// 敌机碰撞检测方法
/// </summary>
 public static void IsHitEnemy(Graphics g){
    Rectangle myPlaneRect = new Rectangle(MyPlane.x, MyPlane.y, MyPlane.myPlaneImg.Width, MyPlane.myPlaneImg.Height);    //包住myplane的Rectangle

    //g.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.Red), myPlaneRect);
    for(int i =0; i < mybulList.Count; i++)for(int j =0; j < Fighter.fighters.Count; j++){ 
          Rectangle mybulRect = new Rectangle(mybulList[i].x, mybulList[i].y, 8, 10);
          Rectangle fighterRect = new Rectangle(Fighter.fighters[j]._x, Fighter.fighters[j]._y, 65, 45);
          //g.DrawRectangle(new Pen(Color.Black), fighterRect);if(mybulRect.IntersectsWith(fighterRect))   //我方子弹击中敌机，敌机爆炸
          {
             mybulList.Remove(mybulList[i]);
             Fighter.fighters[j].flag =true;if(MyPlane.score <100){
                 MyPlane.score +=1;}}elseif(myPlaneRect.IntersectsWith(fighterRect))  //我方飞机撞上敌机，敌机爆炸
          {
              Fighter.fighters[j].flag =true;if(MyPlane.score <100){
                  MyPlane.score +=1;}}}}