ElasticSearch系列 - SpringBoot整合ES：组合多个查询条件 bool 查询

文章目录

01. ElasticSearch 布尔查询是什么？

在实际应用中，我们很有可能会查询多个值或字段。 一个

bool

查询由三部分组成：

{"bool":{"must":[],"should":[],"must_not":[],}}

must：所有的语句都必须（must） 匹配，与

AND

等价。

must_not：所有的语句都不能（must not）匹配，与

NOT

等价。

should：至少有一个语句要匹配，与

OR

等价。

02. ElasticSearch 布尔查询有哪些类型？

Elasticsearch布尔查询有三种类型：must查询、should查询和must_not查询。

① must查询：所有的查询条件都必须匹配才能返回文档。如果有任何一个查询条件不匹配，则该文档将被排除。

② should查询：至少有一个查询条件匹配时就可以返回文档。如果所有的查询条件都不匹配，则该文档将被排除。should查询可以设置一个minimum_should_match参数，用于指定至少需要匹配多少个查询条件才能返回文档。

③ must_not查询：所有的查询条件都必须不匹配才能返回文档。如果有任何一个查询条件匹配，则该文档将被排除。

这些布尔查询类型可以组合在一起，以便更精确地过滤文档。例如，您可以使用bool查询来组合多个must查询和should查询，以便同时满足多个查询条件。

03. ElasticSearch bool must 组合多个查询条件？

must查询：所有的查询条件都必须匹配才能返回文档。如果有任何一个查询条件不匹配，则该文档将被排除。

① 索引文档，构造数据：

PUT/my_index
{"mappings":{"properties":{"createTime":{"type":"date","format":"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"},"tag":{"type":"keyword"},"price":{"type":"integer"}}}}PUT/my_index/_doc/1{"createTime":"2023-03-29 10:30:11","tag":"tag1","price":10}PUT/my_index/_doc/2{"createTime":"2023-03-29 10:35:11","tag":"tag2","price":20}PUT/my_index/_doc/3{"createTime":"2023-03-29 10:38:11","tag":"tag3","price":30}

② 查询 tag 字段值为 tag1 并且 price 字段的值在10到20之间的文档，两个条件同时满足的文档才会返回：

GET/my_index/_search
{"query":{"bool":{"must":[{"term":{"tag":{"value":"tag1"}}},{"range":{"price":{"gte":10,"lte":20}}}]}}}

04. ElasticSearch bool should 组合多个查询条件？

should查询：至少有一个查询条件匹配时就可以返回文档。如果所有的查询条件都不匹配，则该文档将被排除。should查询可以设置一个minimum_should_match参数，用于指定至少需要匹配多少个查询条件才能返回文档。

① 索引文档，构造数据：

PUT/my_index
{"mappings":{"properties":{"createTime":{"type":"date","format":"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"},"tag":{"type":"keyword"},"price":{"type":"integer"}}}}PUT/my_index/_doc/1{"createTime":"2023-03-29 10:30:11","tag":"tag1","price":10}PUT/my_index/_doc/2{"createTime":"2023-03-29 10:35:11","tag":"tag2","price":20}PUT/my_index/_doc/3{"createTime":"2023-03-29 10:38:11","tag":"tag3","price":30}

② 查询 tag 字段值为 tag1 或者 price 字段的值在10到20之间的文档，两个条件只要有一个满足的文档就会返回：

GET/my_index/_search
{"query":{"bool":{"should":[{"term":{"tag":{"value":"tag1"}}},{"range":{"price":{"gte":10,"lte":20}}}]}}}

{"took":13,"timed_out":false,"_shards":{"total":1,"successful":1,"skipped":0,"failed":0},"hits":{"total":{"value":2,"relation":"eq"},"max_score":1.9808292,"hits":[{"_index":"my_index","_type":"_doc","_id":"1","_score":1.9808292,"_source":{"createTime":"2023-03-29 10:30:11","tag":"tag1","price":10}},{"_index":"my_index","_type":"_doc","_id":"2","_score":1.0,"_source":{"createTime":"2023-03-29 10:35:11","tag":"tag2","price":20}}]}}

③ 在ElasticSearch的Bool查询中，可以使用should查询来指定多个查询条件，表示至少有一个条件必须匹配。同时，可以使用minimum_should_match参数来指定至少有多少个条件必须匹配。

查询 tag 字段值为 tag1 或者 price 字段的值在10到20之间的文档，并且至少有两个条件必须匹配：

GET/my_index/_search
{"query":{"bool":{"should":[{"term":{"tag":{"value":"tag1"}}},{"range":{"price":{"gte":10,"lte":20}}}],"minimum_should_match":2}}}

{"took":6,"timed_out":false,"_shards":{"total":1,"successful":1,"skipped":0,"failed":0},"hits":{"total":{"value":1,"relation":"eq"},"max_score":1.9808292,"hits":[{"_index":"my_index","_type":"_doc","_id":"1","_score":1.9808292,"_source":{"createTime":"2023-03-29 10:30:11","tag":"tag1","price":10}}]}}

05. ElasticSearch bool must_not 组合多个查询条件？

must_not查询：所有的查询条件都必须不匹配才能返回文档。如果有任何一个查询条件匹配，则该文档将被排除。

① 索引文档，构造数据：

PUT/my_index
{"mappings":{"properties":{"createTime":{"type":"date","format":"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"},"tag":{"type":"keyword"},"price":{"type":"integer"}}}}PUT/my_index/_doc/1{"createTime":"2023-03-29 10:30:11","tag":"tag1","price":10}PUT/my_index/_doc/2{"createTime":"2023-03-29 10:35:11","tag":"tag2","price":20}PUT/my_index/_doc/3{"createTime":"2023-03-29 10:38:11","tag":"tag3","price":30}

② 查询 tag 字段不等于tag1 并且 price 字段的值不在10到20之间的文档：

GET/my_index/_search
{"query":{"bool":{"must_not":[{"term":{"tag":{"value":"tag1"}}},{"range":{"price":{"gte":10,"lte":20}}}]}}}

{"took":14,"timed_out":false,"_shards":{"total":1,"successful":1,"skipped":0,"failed":0},"hits":{"total":{"value":1,"relation":"eq"},"max_score":0.0,"hits":[{"_index":"my_index","_type":"_doc","_id":"3","_score":0.0,"_source":{"createTime":"2023-03-29 10:38:11","tag":"tag3","price":30}}]}}

06. ElasticSearch bool 组合多个查询条件？

① 索引文档，构造数据：

PUT/my_index
{"mappings":{"properties":{"createTime":{"type":"date","format":"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"},"tag":{"type":"keyword"},"price":{"type":"integer"}}}}PUT/my_index/_doc/1{"createTime":"2023-03-29 10:30:11","tag":"tag1","price":10}PUT/my_index/_doc/2{"createTime":"2023-03-29 10:35:11","tag":"tag2","price":20}PUT/my_index/_doc/3{"createTime":"2023-03-29 10:38:11","tag":"tag3","price":30}

② 查询 tag 字段的值不为tag1 ，且createTime的值为"2023-03-29 10:38:11"，或者 price 字段的值在10到20之间的文档：

GET/my_index/_search
{"query":{"bool":{"must_not":[{"term":{"tag":{"value":"tag1"}}}],"should":[{"range":{"price":{"gte":10,"lte":20}}}],"must":[{"term":{"createTime":{"value":"2023-03-29 10:38:11"}}}]}}}

{"took":1,"timed_out":false,"_shards":{"total":1,"successful":1,"skipped":0,"failed":0},"hits":{"total":{"value":1,"relation":"eq"},"max_score":1.0,"hits":[{"_index":"my_index","_type":"_doc","_id":"3","_score":1.0,"_source":{"createTime":"2023-03-29 10:38:11","tag":"tag3","price":30}}]}}

07. ElasticSearch bool 过滤器是否支持嵌套查询？

① 构造数据：

PUT/my_index
{"mappings":{"properties":{"createTime":{"type":"date","format":"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"},"tag":{"type":"keyword"},"price":{"type":"integer"}}}}PUT/my_index/_doc/1{"createTime":"2023-03-29 10:30:11","tag":"tag1","price":10}PUT/my_index/_doc/2{"createTime":"2023-03-29 10:35:11","tag":"tag2","price":20}PUT/my_index/_doc/3{"createTime":"2023-03-29 10:38:11","tag":"tag3","price":30}

② 执行 bool 嵌套查询：

条件1：tag字段的值为tag2

条件2：price 字段的值为10 并且 createTime 字段的值为 “2023-03-29 10:30:11”

条件1 和 条件2 为或的关系

GET/my_index/_search
{"query":{"bool":{"should":[{"term":{"tag":"tag2"}},{"bool":{"must":[{"term":{"price":10}},{"term":{"createTime":"2023-03-29 10:30:11"}}]}}]}}}

外部的 bool 查询中

term

和

bool

查询是兄弟关系，他们都处于外层的布尔逻辑

should

的内部，返回的命中文档至少须匹配其中一个过查询的条件。内部的 bool 查询中的两个

term

语句作为兄弟关系，同时处于

must

语句之中，所以返回的命中文档要必须都能同时匹配这两个条件。

{"took":3,"timed_out":false,"_shards":{"total":1,"successful":1,"skipped":0,"failed":0},"hits":{"total":{"value":2,"relation":"eq"},"max_score":2.0,"hits":[{"_index":"my_index","_type":"_doc","_id":"1","_score":2.0,"_source":{"createTime":"2023-03-29 10:30:11","tag":"tag1","price":10}},{"_index":"my_index","_type":"_doc","_id":"2","_score":0.9808292,"_source":{"createTime":"2023-03-29 10:35:11","tag":"tag2","price":20}}]}}

08. ElasticSearch bool must 组合多个查询条件?

① 构造数据：

PUT/my_index
{"mappings":{"properties":{"price":{"type":"integer"},"title":{"type":"text"},"content":{"type":"text"}}}}PUT/my_index/_doc/1{"title":"金都时尚情侣浪漫主题酒店","content":"山东省青岛市","price":300}PUT/my_index/_doc/2{"title":"金都嘉怡假日酒店","content":"北京市","price":400}PUT/my_index/_doc/3{"title":"金都欣欣24小时酒店","content":"安徽省淮北市","price":200}

② match 查询

GET/my_index/_search
{"query":{"bool":{"must":[{"match":{"title":"嘉怡"}},{"match":{"content":"北京"}}]}}}

{"took":18,"timed_out":false,"_shards":{"total":1,"successful":1,"skipped":0,"failed":0},"hits":{"total":{"value":1,"relation":"eq"},"max_score":3.845211,"hits":[{"_index":"my_index","_type":"_doc","_id":"2","_score":3.845211,"_source":{"title":"金都嘉怡假日酒店","content":"北京市","price":400}}]}}

③ match 查询和 term 查询

GET/my_index/_search
{"query":{"bool":{"must":[{"match":{"title":"嘉怡"}},{"term":{"price":400}}]}}}

{"took":7,"timed_out":false,"_shards":{"total":1,"successful":1,"skipped":0,"failed":0},"hits":{"total":{"value":1,"relation":"eq"},"max_score":3.1105196,"hits":[{"_index":"my_index","_type":"_doc","_id":"2","_score":3.1105196,"_source":{"title":"金都嘉怡假日酒店","content":"北京市","price":400}}]}}

09. SpringBoot整合ES实现bool查询

GET/my_index/_search
{"query":{"bool":{"must_not":[{"term":{"tag":{"value":"tag1"}}}],"should":[{"range":{"price":{"gte":10,"lte":20}}}],"must":[{"term":{"createTime":{"value":"2023-03-29 10:38:11"}}}]}}}

@Slf4j@ServicepublicclassElasticSearchImpl{@AutowiredprivateRestHighLevelClient restHighLevelClient;publicvoidsearchUser()throwsIOException{SearchSourceBuilder searchSourceBuilder =newSearchSourceBuilder();// bool 查询BoolQueryBuilder boolQueryBuilder =newBoolQueryBuilder();// must_notTermQueryBuilder termQueryBuilder =newTermQueryBuilder("tag","tag1");
        boolQueryBuilder.mustNot(termQueryBuilder);// shouldRangeQueryBuilder rangeQueryBuilder =newRangeQueryBuilder("price");
        rangeQueryBuilder.gte(10);
        rangeQueryBuilder.lte(20);
        boolQueryBuilder.should(rangeQueryBuilder);// must
        termQueryBuilder =newTermQueryBuilder("createTime","2023-03-29 10:38:11");
        boolQueryBuilder.must(termQueryBuilder);

        searchSourceBuilder.query(boolQueryBuilder);SearchRequest searchRequest =newSearchRequest(newString[]{"my_index"},searchSourceBuilder);SearchResponse searchResponse = restHighLevelClient.search(searchRequest,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);System.out.println(searchResponse);}}