华为ENSP综合实验：eth-trunk、vlan底层、vrrp负载分担、MSTP、DHCP中继

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前言

这个实验我尝试过很多次，在MSTP配置在整个拓扑图出现环路情况，不能正常获取到地址，开始以为是ensp系统bag，但经过多次排查后发现是MSTP配置问题，现在 实验步骤如下：

实验结果：PC1、PC2数据往LSW1走、PC3、PC4数据往LSW2走，当LW1设备g0/0/4断开，则切换到LW2上，PC1、PC2从LSW2路径走，往DHCP获取地址。当LW2设备g0/0/4链路断开，PC3、PC4能从LSW1链路走，往DHCP获取地址，具体配置如下（局域网dhcp服务器配置及负载分担）

1、eth-trunk配置：

LSW1:
sy
un in en  (关闭信息提示)
interface Eth-Trunk1
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094
 trunkport g 0/0/1 to 0/0/3  加入端口

LSW2:
sy
un in en  (关闭信息提示)
interface Eth-Trunk1
 port link-type trunk
 port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094
 trunkport g 0/0/1 to 0/0/3

2、vlan二层配置：

LSW1:
vlan batch 10 20 30 40 100
int g0/0/4
port link-type access
port default vlan 100
int g0/0/5
port link-t trunk
port trunk allow-p vlan 10 20 
int g0/0/6
port link-t trunk
port trunk allow-p vlan 30 40 

LSW2:
vlan batch 10 20 30 40 101
int g0/0/4
port link-type access
port default vlan 101
int g0/0/5
port link-t trunk
port trunk allow-p vlan 10 20 
int g0/0/6
port link-t trunk
port trunk allow-p vlan 30 40 

JIERU1:
sy
un in en
vlan batch 10 20 30 40 
int g0/0/1
port link-t trunk
port trunk allow-p vlan 10 20 
int g0/0/2
port link-t trunk
port trunk allow-p vlan 10 20 
int g0/0/3
port link-type access
port default vlan 10
int g0/0/4
port link-type access
port default vlan 20

JIERU2:
sy
un in en
vlan batch 10 20 30 40 
int g0/0/1
port link-t trunk
port trunk allow-p vlan 30 40 
int g0/0/2
port link-t trunk
port trunk allow-p vlan 30 40 
int g0/0/3
port link-type access
port default vlan 30
int g0/0/4
port link-type access
port default vlan 40

3、MSTP配置：

LSW1:
stp enable
stp region-configuration
 region-name 1
 instance 1 vlan 10 20
 instance 2 vlan 30 40
 active region-configuration
stp instance 1 root primary  主根桥
stp instance 2 root secondary  备用根桥

LSW2:
stp enable
stp region-configuration
 region-name 1
 instance 1 vlan 10 20
 instance 2 vlan 30 40
 active region-configuration
stp instance 1 root secondary
stp instance 2 root primary

JIERU1:
stp enable
stp region-configuration
 region-name 1
 instance 1 vlan 10 20
 instance 2 vlan 30 40
 active region-configuration

JIERU2:
stp enable
stp region-configuration
 region-name 1
 instance 1 vlan 10 20
 instance 2 vlan 30 40
 active region-configuration

4、虚拟地址及vrrp配置：

LSW1:
interface Vlanif10
 ip address 10.1.1.254 255.255.255.0
 vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 10.1.1.1  vrrp虚拟网关
 vrrp vrid 1 priority 120  vrrp优先级（越大越优先）
 vrrp vrid 1 track interface GigabitEthernet0/0/4 reduced 50  端口监视
interface Vlanif20
 ip address 20.1.1.254 255.255.255.0
 vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 20.1.1.1
 vrrp vrid 2 priority 120
 vrrp vrid 2 track interface GigabitEthernet0/0/4 reduced 50
interface Vlanif30
 ip address 30.1.1.254 255.255.255.0
 vrrp vrid 3 virtual-ip 30.1.1.1
ip address 40.1.1.254 255.255.255.0
 vrrp vrid 4 virtual-ip 40.1.1.1
int vlanif 100
ip address 100.1.1.1 24

LSW2:
interface Vlanif10
 ip address 10.1.1.253 255.255.255.0
 vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 10.1.1.1
interface Vlanif20
 ip address 20.1.1.253 255.255.255.0
 vrrp vrid 2 virtual-ip 20.1.1.1
interface Vlanif30
 ip address 30.1.1.253 255.255.255.0
 vrrp vrid 3 virtual-ip 30.1.1.1
 vrrp vrid 3 priority 120
 vrrp vrid 3 track interface GigabitEthernet0/0/4 reduced 50
interface Vlanif40
 ip address 40.1.1.253 255.255.255.0
 vrrp vrid 4 virtual-ip 40.1.1.1
 vrrp vrid 4 priority 120
 vrrp vrid 4 track interface GigabitEthernet0/0/4 reduced 50
interface vlanif 101
ip address 101.1.1.1 24

5、配置dhcp服务器、dhcp中继、dhcp snooping、静态路由策略：

DHCP服务器：
sy
un in en
sys DHCP
dhcp enable  开启服务
ip pool 10
 gateway-list 10.1.1.1  
 network 10.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0 
 excluded-ip-address 10.1.1.253 10.1.1.254 
 dns-list 8.8.8.8 
#
ip pool 20
 gateway-list 20.1.1.1 
 network 20.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0 
 excluded-ip-address 20.1.1.253 20.1.1.254 
 dns-list 8.8.8.8 
#
ip pool 30
 gateway-list 30.1.1.1 
 network 30.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0 
 excluded-ip-address 30.1.1.253 30.1.1.254 
 dns-list 8.8.8.8 
#
ip pool 40
 gateway-list 40.1.1.1 
 network 40.1.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0 
 excluded-ip-address 40.1.1.253 40.1.1.254 
 dns-list 8.8.8.8 

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
 ip address 100.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 
 dhcp select global
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
 ip address 101.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 
 dhcp select global

interface LoopBack0
 ip address 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.0 
#
ip route-static 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 100.1.1.1
ip route-static 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 101.1.1.1 preference 70
ip route-static 20.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 100.1.1.1
ip route-static 20.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 101.1.1.1 preference 70
ip route-static 30.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 100.1.1.1 preference 70
ip route-static 30.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 101.1.1.1
ip route-static 40.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 100.1.1.1 preference 70
ip route-static 40.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 101.1.1.1

LSW1中继：
dhcp en
int v 10
dhcp select relay
dhcp relay server-ip 100.1.1.2
int v 20
dhcp select relay
dhcp relay server-ip 100.1.1.2
int v 30
dhcp select relay
dhcp relay server-ip 100.1.1.2
int v 40
dhcp select relay
dhcp relay server-ip 100.1.1.2

ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 100.1.1.2

LSW2中继：
dhcp en
int v 10
dhcp select relay
dhcp relay server-ip 101.1.1.2
int v 20
dhcp select relay
dhcp relay server-ip 101.1.1.2
int v 30
dhcp select relay
dhcp relay server-ip 101.1.1.2
int v 40
dhcp select relay
dhcp relay server-ip 101.1.1.2

ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 101.1.1.2

JIERU1 DHCP snooping配置：
dhcp en
dhcp snooping en
vlan 10
 dhcp snooping enable
vlan 20
 dhcp snooping enable
int g/0/1 
dhcp snooping enable
dhcp snooping trusted
int g0/0/2
 dhcp snooping enable
 dhcp snooping trusted

JIERU2 DHCP snooping配置：
dhcp en
dhcp snooping en
vlan 30
 dhcp snooping enable
vlan 40
 dhcp snooping enable
int g/0/1 
dhcp snooping enable
dhcp snooping trusted
int g0/0/2
 dhcp snooping enable
 dhcp snooping trusted

配置完成：查看相关数据：

1、vrrp负载分担情况：

当断开LSW1g0/0/4端口时：

能完成自主切换主备。

当断开LSW2g0/0/4端口时：

也能进行主备切换。

2、查看PC获取地址情况：

均能获取地址，切访问到DHCP 回环网口5.5.5.5 实验完成

总结

这个实验结合了华为多种策略协议，适合做公司、部门内部网络规划，其中在在这个基础上可以添加ACL访问控制禁止部门互访，AC部署无线网络，也可以部署FTP、DNS、www服务器。在这个基础上可以增加多种网络元素，但也有不足之处，即没有做好核心部分下行的网络冗余及聚合链路的多样配置，当核心的下行接口故障，PC端则无法获取到地址，这个我目前还在寻找解决的方法，如有大神知晓，请留言相告，不胜感激。