Mac系统下Flutter安装教程

一、下载Flutter

1、第一种方式git repo方式:

执行下列命令下载最新的flutter代码（系统请先安装Git）

git clone -b beta https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git

2、第二种方式Flutter官网下载：

https://docs.flutter.dev/development/tools/sdk/releases?tab=macos

二、安装：android Studio

下载地址：https://developer.android.google.cn/studio

三、安装Xcode，直接前往App Store下载安装即可。

四、安装flutter，环境配置，依赖项检查

1、永久的将flutter添加到path中：

1.1、在用户文件夹下找到.bash_profile文件，如果没有就创建一个（如果有 1.1.1此步骤忽略）;

 1.1.1、.bash_profile文件创建方法如下：

   （1）终端执行：touch .bash_profile

   （2）打开文件：open .bash_profile

   （3）更新配置，文件才能生效：source .bash_profile

1.2、将下面三个export拷贝到.bash_profile文件中：

    **export** PUB_HOSTED_URL=https://pub.flutter-io.cn

    **export** FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL=https://storage.flutter-io.cn

    **export** PATH=/Users/chengxinsong/Desktop/Tool/flutter/bin:$PATH

    // 备注：chengxinsong是你电脑的名称（记得替换）；/Users/chengxinsong/Desktop/Tool/是Flutter的安装路径

1.3、添加保存后，执行下列命令刷新终端：

    source $HOME/.bash_profile

1.4、如果你的系统使用的是zsh（即终端最顶部显示的-zsh），却用了.bash_profile文件，终端启动时.bash_profile文件 将不会被加载，

  解决办法就是修改 .zshrc文件(终端打开方式：open ~/.zshrc) ，在其中添加：source ~/.bash_profile

1.5、运行下列命令检查flutter是否已经安装成功：

    flutter -v

1.6、检查flutter的依赖项命令

    flutter doctor

1.7、前边所有步骤均没问题话，运行flutter doctor后会出现如下输出：

╔════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗
║                 Welcome to Flutter! - https://flutter.dev                  ║
║                                                                            ║
║ The Flutter tool uses Google Analytics to anonymously report feature usage ║
║ statistics and basic crash reports. This data is used to help improve      ║
║ Flutter tools over time.                                                   ║
║                                                                            ║
║ Flutter tool analytics are not sent on the very first run. To disable      ║
║ reporting, type 'flutter config --no-analytics'. To display the current    ║
║ setting, type 'flutter config'. If you opt out of analytics, an opt-out    ║
║ event will be sent, and then no further information will be sent by the    ║
║ Flutter tool.                                                              ║
║                                                                            ║
║ By downloading the Flutter SDK, you agree to the Google Terms of Service.  ║
║ Note: The Google Privacy Policy describes how data is handled in this      ║
║ service.                                                                   ║
║                                                                            ║
║ Moreover, Flutter includes the Dart SDK, which may send usage metrics and  ║
║ crash reports to Google.                                                   ║
║                                                                            ║
║ Read about data we send with crash reports:                                ║
║ https://flutter.dev/docs/reference/crash-reporting                         ║
║                                                                            ║
║ See Google's privacy policy:                                               ║
║ https://policies.google.com/privacy                                        ║
╚════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝
Flutter assets will be downloaded from https://storage.flutter-io.cn. Make sure
you trust this source!
Running "flutter pub get" in flutter_tools...                       8.9s
Doctor summary (to see all details, run flutter doctor -v):
[✓] Flutter (Channel stable, 3.3.8, on macOS 12.2.1 21D62 darwin-x64, locale
    zh-Hans-CN)
[✗] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices
    ✗ Unable to locate Android SDK.
      Install Android Studio from:
      https://developer.android.com/studio/index.html
      On first launch it will assist you in installing the Android SDK
      components.
      (or visit https://flutter.dev/docs/get-started/install/macos#android-setup
      for detailed instructions).
      If the Android SDK has been installed to a custom location, please use
      `flutter config --android-sdk` to update to that location.

[✓] Xcode - develop for iOS and macOS (Xcode 13.3)
[✓] Chrome - develop for the web
[!] Android Studio (not installed)
[✓] Connected device (3 available)
    ! Error: lwy is busy: Fetching debug symbols for lwy. Xcode will continue
      when lwy is finished. (code -10)
[✓] HTTP Host Availability
! Doctor found issues in 2 categories.

 

1.7.1、如果出现：Flutter 环境配置提示 cmdline-tools component is missing

    解决办法：启动 android studio工具

            -> 在一开始打开的右下角找到Configure

            -> 进入SDK Manager

            -> 取消右下角的 Hide Obselete Packages的勾选

            -> 选择SDK Tools,在这里把缺少的tool勾选上一并安装上

1.7.2、如果出现：Some Android licenses not accepted. To resolve this, run: flutter doctor --android-licenses

   解决办法：终端直接输入 flutter doctor --android-licenses

1.7.3、如果以上均没有问题后，则只需根据终端的提示输入 y 即可

1.7.4、以上步骤都走完后：检测Flutter的安装情况：flutter doctor

1.7.5、如果以上均没有问题会有如下输出：

mr.lv@MrlvdeMacBook-Pro ~ % flutter doctor

Doctor summary (to see all details, run flutter doctor -v):

[✓] Flutter (Channel stable, 3.3.8, on macOS 12.2.1 21D62 darwin-x64, locale zh-Hans-CN)

[✓] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 33.0.0)

[✓] Xcode - develop for iOS and macOS (Xcode 13.3)

[✓] Chrome - develop for the web

[✓] Android Studio (version 4.1)

[✓] Connected device (3 available)

[✓] HTTP Host Availability

• No issues found!

2、如果习惯使用VSCode开发Flutter的话，需要再安装VSCode工具

下载地址：https://code.visualstudio.com/ 【此安装包会自动弹出汉化安装】

      或者：https://code.visualstudio.com/download

2.1、Dart官网：https://dart.dev/

2.2、Dart环境官方文档：https://dart.dev/get-dart

2.3、安装 Homebrew 检测是否安装brew，执行命令 brew -v，

    如果安装了，就执行 2.4,

    如果没安装先安装：https://brew.sh

    即：将 /bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"

    复制到终端执行。

2.4、Dart SDK 安装: 打开终端 依次执行:

        brew tap dart-lang/dart

        brew install dart

        brew info dart

        输出：==> Caveats

                 Please note the path to the Dart SDK:

                 /usr/local/opt/dart/libexec

备注：dart sdk安装亦可参照此文：https://www.cnblogs.com/strengthen/p/16305014.html

2.5、在VSCode安装 Dart 插件（dart语言提示）

2.6、安装 code runner 插件（可以运行我们的文件）

2.7、安装 Code Spell Checker 插件（拼写检查）

2.7、检测 Dart插件情况：

     在终端上输入 dart --version 命令来检测dart是否安装成功，如果出现如下内容则安装成功：

     输出：Dart SDK version: 2.18.4 (stable) (Tue Nov 1 15:15:07 2022 +0000) on "macos_x64"

            则代表安装成功。

到此，就可以用Dart语言正常进行开发了！