Ubuntu 24.04 apt 更换国内镜像站源

Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 后的source.list

24.04LTS 后，apt源的位置替换到了

/etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources

中

/etc/apt/sources.list
# Ubuntu sources have moved to the /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources# file, which uses the deb822 format. Use deb822-formatted .sources files# to manage package sources in the /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ directory.# See the sources.list(5) manual page for details.

同时，格式改变，现在为

DEB822

格式，详见这里
现在的格式是这样的

/etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources
##      /etc/cloud/templates/sources.list.ubuntu.deb822.tmpl### See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to# newer versions of the distribution.## Ubuntu distribution repository#### The following settings can be adjusted to configure which packages to use from Ubuntu.## Mirror your choices (except for URIs and Suites) in the security section below to## ensure timely security updates.#### Types: Append deb-src to enable the fetching of source package.## URIs: A URL to the repository (you may add multiple URLs)## Suites: The following additional suites can be configured##   <name>-updates   - Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the##                      distribution.##   <name>-backports - software from this repository may not have been tested as##                      extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes##                      newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.##                      Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review##                      or updates from the Ubuntu security team.## Components: Aside from main, the following components can be added to the list##   restricted  - Software that may not be under a free license, or protected by patents.##   universe    - Community maintained packages.##                 Software from this repository is only maintained and supported by Canonical##                 for machines with Ubuntu Pro subscriptions. Without Ubuntu Pro, the Ubuntu##                 community provides best-effort security maintenance.##   multiverse  - Community maintained of restricted. Software from this repository is##                 ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu team, and may not be under a free##                 licence. Please satisfy yourself as to your rights to use the software.##                 Also, please note that software in multiverse WILL NOT receive any##                 review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.#### See the sources.list(5) manual page for further settings.
Types: deb
URIs: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu
Suites: noble noble-updates noble-backports
Components: main universe restricted multiverse
Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg

## Ubuntu security updates. Aside from URIs and Suites,## this should mirror your choices in the previous section.
Types: deb
URIs: http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu
Suites: noble-security
Components: main universe restricted multiverse
Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg

因此，如果要使用国内诸如清华TUNA源，USTC源，也需要使用新格式

具体方法

sources.list.d

文件夹中，所有

.sources

拓展名结尾的文件均会被作为一个可选的源
因此我们将原始文件备份：

sudomv /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources  /etc/apt/backup-sources.list.d-ubuntu.sources

然后创建一个新的文件，以

.sources

结尾，例如

sudovim /etc/apt/sources.list.d/tuna.sources

里面填入

Types: deb
URIs: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/
#如果使用其他镜像站，上面这行可以改成其他镜像站的网址
Suites: noble noble-updates noble-backports
Components: main universe restricted multiverse
Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg

Types: deb
URIs: http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu
#如果安全更新需要使用镜像站，上面这行也改成 URIs: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/
Suites: noble-security
Components: main universe restricted multiverse
Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg

之后运行

$ sudoapt update
$ sudoapt upgrade