【Qt编译】ARM环境 Qt5.14.2-QtWebEngine库编译 （完整版）

ARM 编译Qt5.14.2源码

1.下载源码

下载Qt5.14.2源代码（可根据自己的需求下载不同版本）

下载网站：https://download.qt.io/new_archive/qt/5.14/5.14.2/single/

2.相关依赖(如果需要的话)

先参考官方文档的需求进行安装：
官方安装依赖参考文档

2.1 QtWebEngine相关依赖

sudoapt-getinstall flex libicu-dev libxslt-dev
sudoapt-getinstall libssl-dev libxcursor-dev libxcomposite-dev libxdamage-dev libxrandr-dev 
sudoapt-getinstall libdus* dbus*
sudoapt-getinstall libfontconfig1-dev fontconfig libcap-dev libxtst-dev libxext-dev
sudoapt-getinstall libpulse-dev libudev-dev libpci-dev libnss3-dev libasound2-dev libxss-dev 
sudoapt-getinstall libgstreamer-gl1.0-0 libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-dev libgstreamer1.0-dev
sudoapt-getinstall libcups2* pulseaudio* alsa-* mesa-* systemd* system-* libgudev-1.0-dev libatspi2.0* at-spi2-* libclipper-dev
sudoapt-getinstall nodejs gyp ninja-build libdrm-dev

2.2 QtBase相关依赖

sudoapt-getinstall bison build-essential qt5-default 
sudoapt-getinstall perl git gperf ruby 
sudoapt-getinstall xcb* libxcb* libx11* libxkbcommon* libxrender* libxi-dev

2.3 QtOpenGL相关依赖

sudoapt-getinstall libgl1-mesa-dev libglu1-mesa-dev libegl1-mesa-dev freeglut* libgles* libglew*

2.4 QtOpenGL相关依赖

sudoapt-getinstall libgl1-mesa-dev libglu1-mesa-dev libegl1-mesa-dev freeglut* libgles* libglew*

备注：
上述依赖尽可能安装，实际还需根据后面源码编译报错信息，根据报错缺少的依赖项进行补充安装

如果安装出现报错，可以尝试强制安装

#例如aptinstall gperf --fix-missing

3.编译源码

sudotar-xvf qt-everywhere-src-5.14.2.tar.xz -C /opt/
sudotouch auto.sh
sudochmod755 auto.sh
sudovim auto.sh

3.1 当前目录下编写一个auto.sh文件,然后根据自己的情况，写入如下配置

./configure -prefix /home/book/qt-everywhere-src-5.14.2/arm-qt \-opensource\
-confirm-license \-release\-strip\-shared\
-optimized-qmake \
-c++std c++11 \--rpath=no \-pch\-skip qt3d \-skip qtactiveqt \-skip qtandroidextras \-skip qtcanvas3d \-skip qtconnectivity \-skip qtdatavis3d \-skip qtdoc \-skip qtgamepad \-skip qtlocation \-skip qtmacextras \-skip qtnetworkauth \-skip qtpurchasing \-skip qtremoteobjects \-skip qtscript \-skip qtscxml \-skip qtsensors \-skip qtspeech \-skip qtsvg \-skip qttools \-skip qttranslations \-skip qtwayland \-skip qtwinextras \-skip qtx11extras \-skip qtxmlpatterns \-make libs \-make examples \-nomake tools -nomake tests \-gui\-widgets\
-dbus-runtime \--glib=no \--iconv=no \--pcre=qt \--zlib=qt \
-no-openssl \--freetype=qt \--harfbuzz=qt \
-no-opengl \-linuxfb\--xcb=no \-tslib\--libpng=qt \--libjpeg=qt \--sqlite=qt \
-plugin-sql-sqlite \
-I/home/book/tslib/include \
-L/home/book/tslib/lib \
-recheck-all

··备注··

参数说明：
-xplatform ： 选择交叉编译时的目标（qtbase/mkspecs/目录中目标平台）
-prefix：Qt最终安装到Arm板中的位置
-extprefix：PC上交叉编译好的Qt的位置
-hostprefix：编译出来给PC用的交叉编译工具存放的位置
-verbose：打印配置过程中步骤信息
-opensource：编译Qt的开源版本
-confirm-license：自动确认许可
-release：编译Qt的release版本
-shared：构建 Qt 共享库，-static 静态库
-make libs：编译 lib 组件
-nomake tests：不编译 tests组件
-nomake examples：不编译 examples 组件
-skip ，跳过不需要的模块
-no-opengl: 我在虚拟机下编译opengl模块报错，未解决 所以选择不编译

3.2执行脚本文件

sudo ./auto.sh
sudomake-j8sudomakeinstall

4.QtWebEngine编译遇到问题及解决

4.1 build chromium报错

WARNING: C++14 support is required in order to build chromium.
WARNING: QtWebEngine will not be built.

首先，我个人的解决策略是安装一个chromium-browser

sudoapt update
sudoaptinstall chromium-browser

4.2 Qt WebEngine Build Tools 缺失补齐

Qt WebEngine Build Tools: 
Use System Ninja ....................... no 
Use System Gn .......................... no 
Jumbo Build Merge Limit ................8 
Developer build ........................ no 
QtWebEngine required system libraries: 
fontconfig ........................... no 
dbus ................................. no 
nss .................................. no 
khr ..................................yes 
glibc ................................yes

经过查询并安装，需要安装一些系统库才能成功构建 Qt WebEngine 模块。这些系统库通常是 Qt WebEngine 所依赖的外部库，缺少其中任何一个都可能导致构建失败。根据输出，你需要安装以下系统库:

1. fontconfig： 字体配置库，用于处理字体相关的任务。
2. dbus： D-Bus 是 Linux 桌面应用程序之间进行通信的消息总线系统。
3. nss（Network Security Services）： 用于支持网络安全的库。
4. khr： 应该是指 Khronos Group 的相关库，可能与 OpenGL 或 Vulkan 相关。
5. glibc： GNU C 库，是 Linux 系统中的标准 C 库。

#确保安装了这些库的开发包，以便在构建 Qt WebEngine 时能够找到相应的头文件和链接库。你可以使用你的发行版的包管理器来安装这些库的开发包，例如在 Ubuntu 上可以使用 apt 进行安装：sudoaptinstall libfontconfig1-dev libdbus-1-dev libnss3-dev libgl1-mesa-dev

4.3 gperf依赖缺失报错

如有一下报错：

sudoaptinstall gperf
#安装完成之后查看 gperf --version 查看版本信息

如果上述依赖问题都解决，执行auto.sh脚本编译报依赖缺失，请清除缓存

4.4 缺少qtlocation.so 错误印象无法编译

#auto.sh 脚本中不能 -skip qtlocation
进入到/opt/qt-everywhere-src-5.14.2/qtlocation/ 目录中, 进行编译qtlocation
sudomake-j8sudomakeinstall

4.5 ld报错 undefined reference to 'ff_h264_xxx’错误

安装ffmpeg 以及相关依赖

#如果想要添加libwebp ffmpeg opus 等支持还需要运行sudoaptinstall libavdevice-dev libavcodec-dev libopus-dev libwebp-dev ffmpeg

4.6 ERROR: Feature ‘xcb’ was enabled, but the pre-condition ‘features.thread && features.xkbcommon && libs.xcb’ failed

静态编译前安装一下包

sudoapt-getinstall libx11-*
sudoapt-getinstall libx11*

sudoapt-getinstall libxcb-*
sudoapt-getinstall libxcb*

sudoapt-getinstall libxkbcommon-devsudo
sudoapt-getinstall libxkbcommon-x11-dev
sudoapt-getinstall libxcb-xinerama0-dev
sudoapt-getinstall libxcb-sync-dev

再安装一遍依赖

sudo apt-get install bison build-essential gperf flex libasound2-dev\
libcups2-dev libdrm-dev libegl1-mesa-dev libnss3-dev libpci-dev\
libpulse-dev libudev-dev nodejs libxtst-dev gyp ninja-build\
libssl-dev libxcursor-dev libxcomposite-dev libxrandr-dev

4.8 ERROR: A pkg-config support is required to build QtWebEngine.

删除config.cache后执行
sudoapt-getinstall pkg-config

4.9 ERROR: khronos development headers appear to be missing (mesa/libegl1-mesa-dev)

sudoapt-getinstall libegl1-mesa-dev

4.10 ERROR: A suitable version of nss could not be found.

sudoapt-getinstall libnss3-dev

4.11 ERROR: A suitable version of dbus could not be found.

sudoapt-getinstall dbus

sudoapt-getinstall dbus-tests

sudoapt-getinstall libdbus-glib-1-dev

4.12 ERROR: A suitable version of fontconfig could not be found

sudoaptinstall libfontconfig1-dev -y

4.13 ERROR: Could not find all necessary libraries for qpa-xcb support

sudoaptinstall libxcursor-dev

sudoaptinstall libxcomposite-dev

sudoaptinstall libdrm-dev

sudoaptinstall libxtst-dev -y

4.14 编译过程中报错/3rdparty/chromium/third_party/webrtc/modules/desktop_capture/linux/screen_capturer_x11.h:16:10: fatal error: X11/extensions/Xdamage.h: No such file or directory

sudoapt-getinstall flex libicu-dev libxslt-dev
sudoapt-getinstall libssl-dev libxcursor-dev libxcomposite-dev libxdamage-dev libxrandr-dev

5. 删除缓存，然后重新执行auto.sh 脚本编译

sudorm config.cache

避免反复报没有gperf等依赖错误 如果还报错，则将gperf 添加到PATH环境变量中

#我的 gperf 默认安装路径 /usr/bin/gperf#which gperf 可以查看exportPATH="$PATH:/usr/bin/gperf"

6.编译出来的环境查询

6.1 使用的编译脚本auto.sh

./configure \-prefix /opt/jetson/Qt5.14.2 \-xplatform linux-aarch64-gnu-g++ \-opensource\
        -confirm-license \-nomake examples \-nomake tests \-release\
        -webengine-proprietary-codecs \-skip qtmultimedia \-skip qt3d \-skip qtactiveqt \-skip qtandroidextras \-skip qtcanvas3d \-skip qtconnectivity \-skip qtdatavis3d \-skip qtdoc \-skip qtgamepad \-skip qtmacextras \-skip qtnetworkauth \-skip qtpurchasing \-skip qtremoteobjects \-skip qtscript \-skip qtscxml \-skip qtsensors \-skip qtspeech \-skip qtsvg \-skip qttools \-skip qttranslations \-skip qtwayland \-skip qtwinextras \-skip qtx11extras \-skip qtxmlpatterns \-opengl es2 \-xcb\
        -xcb-xlib \-egl\-eglfs\--pcre=qt

6.2 切换的镜像源 /etc/apt/source.list （20.04 ubuntu & 中科大）

# See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to# newer versions of the distribution.
deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ focal main restricted
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic main restricted## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the## distribution.
deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ focal-updates main restricted
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates main restricted## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ focal universe
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic universe
deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ focal-updates universe
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates universe## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu## security team.
deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ focal multiverse
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic multiverse
deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ focal-updates multiverse
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-updates multiverse## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review## or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's## 'partner' repository.## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users.# deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic partner# deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic partner

deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ focal-security main restricted
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-security main restricted
deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ focal-security universe
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-security universe
deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ focal-security multiverse
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ bionic-security multiverse

deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

最后： 如有描述错误的地方或者网友遇到的坑，请评论联系我更正及补充，特此将自己个人两天编译遇到的问题分享给大家，协助大家更好地部署环境。

参考：

参考：
【1】./configure参数解释（最新版本）

【2】编译QWebEngine 安装所需依赖