博客原文
文章目录
什么是 Kind
Kind
(Kubernetes in Docker) 是一个
Kubernetes
孵化项目,
Kind
是一套开箱即用的
Kubernetes
环境搭建方案。顾名思义,就是将
Kubernetes
所需要的所有组件,全部部署在一个
Docker
容器中,可以很方便的搭建
Kubernetes
集群。
Kind
已经广泛的应用于
Kubernetes
上游及相关项目的
CI
环境中,官方文档中也把
Kind
作为一种本地集群搭建的工具推荐给大家。
Kind 可以做什么?
- 快速创建一个或多个
Kubernetes
集群 - 支持部署高可用的
Kubernetes
集群 - 支持从源码构建并部署一个
Kubernetes
集群 - 可以快速低成本体验一个最新的
Kubernetes
集群,并支持Kubernetes
的绝大部分功能 - 支持本地离线运行一个多节点集群
Kind 有哪些优势?
- 最小的安装依赖,仅需要安装
Docker
即可 - 使用方法简单,只需
Kind Cli
工具即可快速创建集群 - 使用容器来模似
Kubernetes
节点 - 内部使用
Kubeadm
的官方主流部署工具 - 通过了
CNCF
官方的K8S Conformance
测试
安装 docker
让apt可以支持HTTPS
$ apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common -y
将官方Docker库的GPG公钥添加到系统中
$ curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
# 阿里源
$ curl -fsSL https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
将Docker库添加到APT里
# 官方源
$ add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu focal stable"
# 阿里源
$ add-apt-repository "deb [arch=amd64] https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu focal stable"
# echo "deb [arch=amd64] https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu focal stable" >> /etc/apt/source.list
更新包列表
$ apt update
为了确保修改生效,让新的安装从Docker库里获取,而不是从Ubuntu自己的库里获取,执行:
$ apt-cache policy docker-ce
安装 docker-ce
$ apt install -y docker-ce
配置 docker 阿里源镜像地址
sudo mkdir -p /etc/docker
sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://nol6uuul.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker
踩坑: 我用了阿里云的镜像地址反而无法拉取 kind 的镜像, 此时需要删除阿里源
检查 docker 运行状态
$ systemctl status docker
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Fri 2024-01-05 16:02:08 CST; 17min ago
TriggeredBy: ● docker.socket
Docs: https://docs.docker.com
Main PID: 241165 (dockerd)
Tasks: 12
Memory: 29.6M
CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
└─241165 /usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock
Jan 05 16:02:08 master1 dockerd[241165]: time="2024-01-05T16:02:08.136300388+08:00" level=info msg="Docker daemon" commit=311b9ff graphdriver=overla>
Jan 05 16:02:08 master1 dockerd[241165]: time="2024-01-05T16:02:08.136351488+08:00" level=info msg="Daemon has completed initialization"
Jan 05 16:02:08 master1 dockerd[241165]: time="2024-01-05T16:02:08.254789219+08:00" level=info msg="API listen on /run/docker.sock"
Jan 05 16:02:08 master1 systemd[1]: Started Docker Application Container Engine.
Jan 05 16:02:46 master1 dockerd[241165]: time="2024-01-05T16:02:46.543587374+08:00" level=warning msg="Error persisting manifest" digest="sha256:2fc>
Jan 05 16:03:38 master1 dockerd[241165]: time="2024-01-05T16:03:38.612170892+08:00" level=info msg="ignoring event" container=6d8d34f0066bde04811038>
Jan 05 16:04:50 master1 dockerd[241165]: time="2024-01-05T16:04:50.406175352+08:00" level=info msg="ignoring event" container=504632135d04b87b5ed83f>
Jan 05 16:05:35 master1 dockerd[241165]: time="2024-01-05T16:05:35.656175212+08:00" level=error msg="Error setting up exec command in container 5046>
Jan 05 16:09:52 master1 dockerd[241165]: time="2024-01-05T16:09:52.944844810+08:00" level=info msg="Layer sha256:a87ab3c028db3c73f360b49c9dcd171e236>
Jan 05 16:09:52 master1 dockerd[241165]: time="2024-01-05T16:09:52.946428917+08:00" level=info msg="Layer sha256:82ae998286b2bba64ce571578647adcabef>
lines 1-21/21 (END)
安装 kubectl
apt 安装
# 安装依赖
apt install apt-transport-https ca-certificates -y
# 编辑镜像源文件,文件末尾加入阿里云k8s镜像源配置
echo 'deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt kubernetes-xenial main' >> /etc/apt/sources.list
#更新证书
curl https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | sudo apt-key add
#更新源
apt update
apt-get install -y kubectl
二进制安装
curl -LO "https://dl.k8s.io/release/$(curl -L -s https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable.txt)/bin/linux/amd64/kubectl"
chmod +x kubectl
mv kubectl /usr/bin/
配置命令行自动补全(可选)
apt install bash-completion -y
cat << EOF >> ~/.profile
alias k='kubectl'
source <(kubectl completion bash)
complete -F __start_kubectl k
EOF
source ~/.profile
安装 Kind
首先进到 官网, 获取你操作系统的 kind 版本
本教程提供 Linux 下的二进制安装
来自官网的最新安装脚本:
# For AMD64 / x86_64
[ $(uname -m) = x86_64 ] && curl -Lo ./kind https://kind.sigs.k8s.io/dl/v0.20.0/kind-linux-amd64
# For ARM64
[ $(uname -m) = aarch64 ] && curl -Lo ./kind https://kind.sigs.k8s.io/dl/v0.20.0/kind-linux-arm64
chmod +x ./kind
sudo mv ./kind /usr/local/bin/kind
使用 kind 创建集群
搭建一主三从集群 1c3w
1 control plane and 3 worker
cluster.yaml:
kind: Cluster
apiVersion: kind.x-k8s.io/v1alpha4
nodes:-role: control-plane
extraPortMappings:-containerPort:31000# 将主机 31000 端口映射到容器的 31000 端口hostPort:31000listenAddress:"0.0.0.0"# Optional, defaults to "0.0.0.0"protocol: tcp # Optional, defaults to tcp-role: worker
-role: worker
-role: worker
**注意: ** 因为 kind 搭建的集群也是容器, 我们要访问容器的服务, 我们需要把集群的 Service 暴露为 NodePort 类型进行访问, (NodePort 范围30000~32767)
$ kind create cluster --config cluster.yaml --name 1c3w
Creating cluster "1c3w" ...
✓ Ensuring node image (kindest/node:v1.27.3) 🖼
✓ Preparing nodes 📦 📦 📦 📦
✓ Writing configuration 📜
✓ Starting control-plane 🕹️
✓ Installing CNI 🔌
✓ Installing StorageClass 💾
✓ Joining worker nodes 🚜
Set kubectl context to "kind-1c3w"
You can now use your cluster with:
kubectl cluster-info --context kind-1c3w
Thanks for using kind! 😊
创建 service
# 更换 context
$ kubectl cluster-info --context kind-1c3w
# 创建一个 nginx 的 deploy 测试服务
$ k create deploy nginx --image=nginx
# 冗余部署实现高可用
$ k scale deployment nginx --replicas 3
# 暴露服务
$ k expose deployment nginx --name nginx --port=80 --target-port=80 --type=NodePort
# 修改 NodePort 端口为 31000 让主机能够访问
$ k edit deployment nginx
......
ports:
- nodePort: 31000 # 修改
port: 80
protocol: TCP
targetPort: 80
....
$ k get svc
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 6m5s
nginx NodePort 10.96.91.4 <none> 80:31000/TCP 3m7s
验证服务
$ curl localhost:31000
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
html { color-scheme: light dark; }
body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
也可在浏览器输入<虚拟机 ip>:31000
版权归原作者 M·K·T 所有, 如有侵权,请联系我们删除。