Hbase数据库完全分布式搭建以及java中操作Hbase

文章目录

1.基础的环境准备

基础的环境准备不在赘述，包括jdk安装，防火墙关闭，网络配置，环境变量的配置,各个节点之间进行免密等操作等。使用的版本2.0.5.

2.完全分布式 Fully-distributed

参考官方文档

分布式的部署，都是在单节点服务的基础配置好配置，直接分发到其他节点即可。

2.1 配置文件hase-env.sh

jdk路径的配置，以及不适用内部自带的zk.

exportJAVA_HOME=/usr/java/default
exportHBASE_MANAGES_ZK=false

2.2 hbase-site.xml

<configuration><property><name>hbase.rootdir</name><value>hdfs://muycluster/hbase</value></property><property><name>hbase.cluster.distributed</name><value>true</value></property><property><name>hbase.zookeeper.quorum</name><value>node02,node03,node04</value></property></configuration>

2.3 配置regionservers

配置集群regionserver的节点

node02
node03
node04

2.4 配置备用的master

conf/backup-masters

vi backup-masters
node03

2.5 HDFS客户端配置

官方提供三种方式进行配置

• Add a pointer to your HADOOP_CONF_DIR to the HBASE_CLASSPATH environment variable in hbase-env.sh.
• Add a copy of hdfs-site.xml (or hadoop-site.xml) or, better, symlinks, under ${HBASE_HOME}/conf, or
• if only a small set of HDFS client configurations, add them to hbase-site.xml.一般我们都选择第二种，直接将hadoop-site.xml配置拷贝到 ${HBASE_HOME}/conf即可

2.6 启动

[root@node01 /]# start-hbase.sh
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in[jar:file:/opt/bigdata/hbase-2.0.5/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.25.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in[jar:file:/opt/bigdata/hadoop-2.6.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.5.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type[org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactory]
running master, logging to /opt/bigdata/hbase-2.0.5/logs/hbase-root-master-node01.out
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in[jar:file:/opt/bigdata/hbase-2.0.5/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.25.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in[jar:file:/opt/bigdata/hadoop-2.6.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.5.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type[org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactory]
node02: running regionserver, logging to /opt/bigdata/hbase-2.0.5/bin/../logs/hbase-root-regionserver-node02.out
node04: running regionserver, logging to /opt/bigdata/hbase-2.0.5/bin/../logs/hbase-root-regionserver-node04.out
node03: running regionserver, logging to /opt/bigdata/hbase-2.0.5/bin/../logs/hbase-root-regionserver-node03.out
node04: running master, logging to /opt/bigdata/hbase-2.0.5/bin/../logs/hbase-root-master-node04.out

2.7 通过页面查看节点信息

访问端口16010

:http://node01:16010/master-status

3. java中客户端操作Hbase

3.1 引入依赖

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.hbase/hbase-client --><dependency><groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId><artifactId>hbase-client</artifactId><version>2.0.5</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId><artifactId>hbase-mapreduce</artifactId><version>2.0.5</version></dependency>

3.2 初始化创建连接

操作表Java API中主要提供了一个Admin对象进行表的 操作。

HBase schemas can be created or updated using the The Apache HBase Shell or by using Admin in the Java API.

Configuration conf =null;Connection conn =null;//表的管理对象Admin admin =null;Table table =null;//创建表的对象TableName tableName =TableName.valueOf("user");@Beforepublicvoidinit()throwsIOException{//创建配置文件对象
        conf =HBaseConfiguration.create();//加载zookeeper的配置
        conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum","node02,node03,node04");//获取连接
        conn =ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);//获取对象
        admin = conn.getAdmin();//获取数据操作对象
        table = conn.getTable(tableName);}

3.3 操作Hbase数据库

3.3.1 创建表

/**
     * 创建表 主要使用Admin对象进行表的创建
     * @throws IOException
     */@TestpublicvoidcreateTable()throwsIOException{//定义表描述对象TableDescriptorBuilder tableDescriptorBuilder =TableDescriptorBuilder.newBuilder(tableName);//定义列族描述对象ColumnFamilyDescriptorBuilder columnFamilyDescriptorBuilder =ColumnFamilyDescriptorBuilder.newBuilder("cf".getBytes());//添加列族信息给表
        tableDescriptorBuilder.setColumnFamily(columnFamilyDescriptorBuilder.build());if(admin.tableExists(tableName)){//禁用表
            admin.disableTable(tableName);
            admin.deleteTable(tableName);}//创建表
        admin.createTable(tableDescriptorBuilder.build());}

3.3.2 往创建的user表插入数据

@Testpublicvoidinsert()throwsIOException{Put put =newPut(Bytes.toBytes("row1"));
        put.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("cf"),Bytes.toBytes("name"),Bytes.toBytes("elite"));
        put.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("cf"),Bytes.toBytes("age"),Bytes.toBytes("22"));
        put.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("cf"),Bytes.toBytes("address"),Bytes.toBytes("gz"));
        table.put(put);}

3.3.3 使用get 查询单条数据

@Testpublicvoidget()throwsIOException{Get get =newGet(Bytes.toBytes("row1"));//在服务端做数据过滤，挑选出符合需求的列
        get.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("cf"),Bytes.toBytes("name"));
        get.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("cf"),Bytes.toBytes("age"));
        get.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("cf"),Bytes.toBytes("address"));Result result = table.get(get);Cell cell1 = result.getColumnLatestCell(Bytes.toBytes("cf"),Bytes.toBytes("name"));Cell cell2 = result.getColumnLatestCell(Bytes.toBytes("cf"),Bytes.toBytes("age"));Cell cell3 = result.getColumnLatestCell(Bytes.toBytes("cf"),Bytes.toBytes("address"));System.out.print(Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell1))+" ");System.out.print(Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell2))+" ");System.out.print(Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell3)));}

3.3.4 scan 查询数据

/**
     * 获取表中所有的记录
     */@Testpublicvoidscan()throwsIOException{Scan scan =newScan();ResultScanner rss = table.getScanner(scan);for(Result rs: rss){Cell cell1 = rs.getColumnLatestCell(Bytes.toBytes("cf"),Bytes.toBytes("name"));Cell cell2 = rs.getColumnLatestCell(Bytes.toBytes("cf"),Bytes.toBytes("age"));Cell cell3 = rs.getColumnLatestCell(Bytes.toBytes("cf"),Bytes.toBytes("address"));System.out.print(Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell1))+" ");System.out.print(Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell2))+" ");System.out.println(Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell3)));}}

3.3.5 删除数据

/**
     * 删除数据
     * @throws IOException
     */@Testpublicvoiddelete()throwsIOException{Delete delete =newDelete("row2".getBytes());
        table.delete(delete);}

3.4 关闭连接

@Afterpublicvoidclose(){try{
            table.close();}catch(IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();}try{
            admin.close();}catch(IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();}try{
            conn.close();}catch(IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();}}