实验4 NoSQL和关系数据库的操作比较
1.实验目的
(1)理解四种数据库(MySQL、HBase、Redis和MongoDB)的概念以及不同点;
(2)熟练使用四种数据库操作常用的Shell命令;
(3)熟悉四种数据库操作常用的Java API。
2**.**实验平台
(1)操作系统:Linux(建议Ubuntu16.04或Ubuntu18.04);
(2)Hadoop版本:3.1.3;
(3)MySQL版本:5.6;
(4)HBase版本:2.2.2;
(5)Redis版本:5.0.5;
(6)MongoDB版本:4.0.16;
(7)JDK版本:1.8;
(8)Java IDE:Eclipse;
3.实验步骤****
(一)** MySQL数据库操作**
学生表Student
Name
English
Math
Computer
zhangsan
69
86
77
lisi
55
100
88
1.根据上面给出的Student表,在MySQL数据库中完成如下操作:
(1)在MySQL中创建Student表,并录入数据;
(2)用SQL语句输出Student表中的所有记录;
(3)查询zhangsan的Computer成绩;
(4)修改lisi的Math成绩,改为95。
2.根据上面已经设计出的Student表,使用MySQL的JAVA客户端编程实现以下操作:
(1)向Student表中添加如下所示的一条记录:
scofield
45
89
100
(2)获取scofield的English成绩信息
import java.sql.*;
public class mysqlTest {
/**
* @param args
*/
//JDBC DRIVER and DB
static final String DRIVER="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
static final String DB="jdbc:mysql://localhost/test";
//Database auth
static final String USER="root";
static final String PASSWD="123456";
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Connection conn=null;
Statement stmt=null;
ResultSet rs=null;
try {
//加载驱动程序
Class.forName(DRIVER);
System.out.println("Connecting to a selected database...");
//打开一个连接
conn=DriverManager.getConnection(DB, USER, PASSWD);
执行一个插入
stmt=conn.createStatement();
String sql="insert into student values('scofield',45,89,100)";
stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
System.out.println("Inserting records into the table successfully!");
//执行一个查询
// stmt=conn.createStatement();
sql="select name,English from student where name='scofield' ";
获得结果集
rs=stmt.executeQuery(sql);
System.out.println("name"+"\t\t"+"English");
while(rs.next())
{
System.out.print(rs.getString(1)+"\t\t");
System.out.println(rs.getInt(2));
}
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}finally
{
if(stmt!=null)
try {
stmt.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
if(conn!=null)
try {
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
(二)** HBase数据库操作**
学生表Student
name
score
English
Math
Computer
zhangsan
69
86
77
lisi
55
100
88
根据上面给出的学生表Student的信息,执行如下操作:
- 用Hbase Shell命令创建学生表Student
- 用scan指令浏览Student表的相关信息
- 查询zhangsan的Computer成绩
- 修改lisi的Math成绩,改为95
根据上面已经设计出的Student表,用HBase API编程实现以下操作:
(1)添加数据:English:45 Math:89 Computer:100
scofield
45
89
100
(2)获取scofield的English成绩信息
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Connection;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Table;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Cell;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.CellUtil;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Result;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Get;
public class hbaseTest {
/**
* @param args
*/
public static Configuration configuration;
public static Connection connection;
public static Admin admin;
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
init();
try {
//插入数据
// insertRow("student","scofield","score","English","45");
// insertRow("student","scofield","score","Math","89");
// insertRow("student","scofield","score","Computer","100");
//查询数据
getData("student","scofield","score","English");
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
close();
}
public static void insertRow(String tableName,String rowKey,String colFamily,String col,String val) throws IOException {
Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
Put put = new Put(rowKey.getBytes());
put.addColumn(colFamily.getBytes(), col.getBytes(), val.getBytes());
table.put(put);
table.close();
}
public static void getData(String tableName,String rowKey,String colFamily,
String col)throws IOException{
Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
Get get = new Get(rowKey.getBytes());
get.addColumn(colFamily.getBytes(),col.getBytes());
Result result = table.get(get);
showCell(result);
table.close();
}
public static void showCell(Result result){
Cell[] cells = result.rawCells();
for(Cell cell:cells){
System.out.println("RowName:"+new String(CellUtil.cloneRow(cell))+" ");
System.out.println("Timetamp:"+cell.getTimestamp()+" ");
System.out.println("column Family:"+new String(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell))+" ");
System.out.println("row Name:"+new String(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell))+" ");
System.out.println("value:"+new String(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell))+" ");
}
}
public static void init() {
configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
configuration.set("hbase.rootdir","hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
try{
connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
admin = connection.getAdmin();
}catch (IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void close(){
try{
if(admin != null){
admin.close();
}
if(null != connection){
connection.close();
}
}catch (IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
(三)****Redis数据库操作
Student键值对如下:
zhangsan:{
English: 69
Math: 86
Computer: 77
}
lisi:{
English: 55
Math: 100
Computer: 88
}
1.根据上面给出的键值对,完成如下操作:
- 用Redis的哈希结构设计出学生表Student(键值可以用student.zhangsan和student.lisi来表示两个键值属于同一个表);
- 用hgetall命令分别输出zhangsan和lisi的成绩信息;
- 用hget命令查询zhangsan的Computer成绩;
- 修改lisi的Math成绩,改为95。
2.根据上面已经设计出的学生表Student,用Redis的JAVA客户端编程(jedis),实现如下操作:
(1)添加数据:English:45 Math:89 Computer:100
该数据对应的键值对形式如下:
scofield:{
English: 45
Math: 89
Computer: 100
}
(2)获取scofield的English成绩信息
import java.util.Map;
import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
public class redisTest {
/**
* @param args
*/
public static Jedis jedis;
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
jedis = new Jedis("localhost");
//插入数据
// test1();
//查询数据
test2();
}
public static void test1() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
jedis.hset("student.scofield", "English","45");
jedis.hset("student.scofield", "Math","89");
jedis.hset("student.scofield", "Computer","100");
Map<String,String> value = jedis.hgetAll("student.scofield");
for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry:value.entrySet())
{
System.out.println(entry.getKey()+":"+entry.getValue());
}
}
public static void test2() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
String value=jedis.hget("student.scofield", "English");
System.out.println("scofield's English score is: "+value);
}
}
(四)****MongoDB数据库操作
Student文档如下:
{
“name”: “zhangsan”,
“score”: {
“English”: 69,
“Math”: 86,
“Computer”: 77
}
}
{
“name”: “lisi”,
“score”: {
“English”: 55,
“Math”: 100,
“Computer”: 88
}
}
- 根据上面给出的文档,完成如下操作:
- 用MongoDB Shell设计出student集合;
- 用find()方法输出两个学生的信息;
- 用find()方法查询zhangsan的所有成绩(只显示score列);
- 修改lisi的Math成绩,改为95。
2.根据上面已经设计出的Student集合,用MongoDB的Java客户端编程,实现如下操作:
(1)添加数据:English:45 Math:89 Computer:100
与上述数据对应的文档形式如下:
{
“name”: “scofield”,
“score”: {
“English”: 45,
“Math”: 89,
“Computer”: 100
}
}
(2)获取scofield的所有成绩成绩信息(只显示score列)
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.bson.Document;
import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCursor;
public class mongoTest {
/**
* @param args
*/
public static MongoClient mongoClient;
public static MongoDatabase mongoDatabase;
public static MongoCollection<Document> collection;
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
init();
//插入数据
// test1();
//查询数据
test2();
}
public static void test1() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
//实例化一个文档,内嵌一个子文档
Document document=new Document("name","scofield").
append("score", new Document("English",45).
append("Math", 89).
append("Computer", 100));
List<Document> documents = new ArrayList<Document>();
documents.add(document);
//将文档插入集合中
collection.insertMany(documents);
System.out.println("文档插入成功");
}
public static void test2() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
//进行数据查找,查询条件为name=scofield, 对获取的结果集只显示score这个域
MongoCursor<Document> cursor=collection.find( new Document("name","scofield")).
projection(new Document("score",1).append("_id", 0)).iterator();
while(cursor.hasNext())
System.out.println(cursor.next().toJson());
}
public static void init() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
//实例化一个mongo客户端
mongoClient=new MongoClient("localhost",27017);
//实例化一个mongo数据库
mongoDatabase = mongoClient.getDatabase("student");
//获取数据库中某个集合
collection = mongoDatabase.getCollection("student");
}
}
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