【element-ui】 el-table 表格动态合并相同数据单元格最全教程，可指定列+自定义合并条件，附完整代码

el-table合并单元格

1.固定合并

• 官方挺提供的合并具体某行列的方法:el-table合并行或列
• 通过给table传入span-method方法可以实现合并行或列，方法的参数是一个对象，里面包含当前行row、当前列column、当前行号rowIndex、当前列号columnIndex四个属性。 该函数可以返回一个包含两个元素的数组，第一个元素代表rowspan，第二个元素代表colspan。 也可以返回一个键名为rowspan和colspan的对象。

<template><div><el-table:data="tableData":span-method="arraySpanMethod"borderstyle="width: 100%"><el-table-columnprop="id"label="ID"width="180"></el-table-column><el-table-columnprop="name"label="姓名"></el-table-column><el-table-columnprop="amount1"sortablelabel="数值 1"></el-table-column><el-table-columnprop="amount2"sortablelabel="数值 2"></el-table-column><el-table-columnprop="amount3"sortablelabel="数值 3"></el-table-column></el-table><el-table:data="tableData":span-method="objectSpanMethod"borderstyle="width: 100%;margin-top: 20px"><el-table-columnprop="id"label="ID"width="180"></el-table-column><el-table-columnprop="name"label="姓名"></el-table-column><el-table-columnprop="amount1"label="数值 1（元）"></el-table-column><el-table-columnprop="amount2"label="数值 2（元）"></el-table-column><el-table-columnprop="amount3"label="数值 3（元）"></el-table-column></el-table></div></template><script>exportdefault{data(){return{tableData:[{id:'12987122',name:'王小虎',amount1:'234',amount2:'3.2',amount3:10},{id:'12987123',name:'王小虎',amount1:'165',amount2:'4.43',amount3:12},{id:'12987124',name:'王小虎',amount1:'324',amount2:'1.9',amount3:9},{id:'12987125',name:'王小虎',amount1:'621',amount2:'2.2',amount3:17},{id:'12987126',name:'王小虎',amount1:'539',amount2:'4.1',amount3:15}]};},methods:{arraySpanMethod({ row, column, rowIndex, columnIndex }){if(rowIndex %2===0){if(columnIndex ===0){return[1,2];}elseif(columnIndex ===1){return[0,0];}}},objectSpanMethod({ row, column, rowIndex, columnIndex }){if(columnIndex ===0){if(rowIndex %2===0){return{rowspan:2,colspan:1};}else{return{rowspan:0,colspan:0};}}}}};</script>

运行效果：

• 缺点：这种只适合写死的数据和固定的表格行列，无法动态判断单元格数据是否相等再合并；

2. 动态合并相同数据单元格（所有列）

• 可以对所有相同数据的列，进行动态合并
• 此方法适合需要合并所有的相同数据的单元格

<template><div><el-table:data="tableData":span-method="objectSpanMethod"border:header-cell-style="{ textAlign: 'center', backgroundColor: '#F5F7FA' }"><el-table-columnprop="School"label="学校"align="center"></el-table-column><el-table-columnprop="Grade"label="年级"align="center"/><el-table-columnprop="Class"label="班级"align="center"/><el-table-columnprop="Name"label="姓名"align="center"/><el-table-columnprop="Chinese"label="语文"align="center"/><el-table-columnprop="Math"label="数学"align="center"/><el-table-columnprop="English"label="英语"align="center"/></el-table></div></template><script>exportdefault{data(){return{// 存放所有的表头 一定要与tableData一致colFields:["School","Grade","Class","Name","Chinese","Math","English",],spanArr:[],//存储合并单元格的开始位置// 表格数据tableData:[// 一年级{School:"第一小学",Grade:"1年级",Class:"1班",Name:"张三",Chinese:"90",Math:"100",English:"80",},{School:"第一小学",Grade:"1年级",Class:"2班",Name:"李四",Chinese:"90",Math:"85",English:"80",},{School:"第一小学",Grade:"1年级",Class:"3班",Name:"王五",Chinese:"79",Math:"100",English:"80",},// 二年级{School:"第一小学",Grade:"2年级",Class:"1班",Name:"赵六",Chinese:"95",Math:"100",English:"80",},{School:"第一小学",Grade:"2年级",Class:"2班",Name:"钱八",Chinese:"98",Math:"85",English:"80",},{School:"第一小学",Grade:"2年级",Class:"3班",Name:"陈九",Chinese:"79",Math:"100",English:"80",},// 三年级{School:"第一小学",Grade:"3年级",Class:"1班",Name:"黄十",Chinese:"91",Math:"88",English:"80",},{School:"第一小学",Grade:"3年级",Class:"2班",Name:"魏一",Chinese:"90",Math:"86",English:"87",},{School:"第一小学",Grade:"3年级",Class:"3班",Name:"杨二",Chinese:"79",Math:"99",English:"80",},],};},methods:{/**
     * 分析每一列，找出相同的
     * @param data
     */getSpanArr(){for(let i =0; i <this.tableData.length; i++){let row = i;// let col = i % this.colCount;if(row ===0){// i 表示行 j表示列for(let j =0; j <this.colFields.length; j++){this.spanArr[i *this.colFields.length + j]={rowspan:1,colspan:1,};}}else{for(let j =0; j <this.colFields.length; j++){// 当前和上一次的一样// 1. 合并所有列的相同数据单元格if(this.tableData[row][this.colFields[j]]===this.tableData[row -1][this.colFields[j]]){let beforeItem =this.spanArr[(row -1)*this.colFields.length + j];this.spanArr[row *this.colFields.length + j]={rowspan:1+ beforeItem.rowspan,// 合并几行colspan:1,// 合并几列,我这里只是跨行合并,不跨列合并,所以用的1};
              beforeItem.rowspan =0;
              beforeItem.colspan =0;}else{// rowspan 和 colspan 都为1表格此单元格不合并this.spanArr[row *this.colFields.length + j]={rowspan:1,colspan:1,};}}}}// 对数据进行倒序let stack =[];for(let i =0; i <this.colFields.length; i++){for(let j =0; j <this.tableData.length; j++){// console.log("i=" + i + " j=" + j);// i 表示列 j表示行if(j ===0){if(this.spanArr[j *this.colFields.length + i].rowspan ===0){
              stack.push(this.spanArr[j *this.colFields.length + i]);}}else{if(this.spanArr[j *this.colFields.length + i].rowspan ===0){
              stack.push(this.spanArr[j *this.colFields.length + i]);}else{
              stack.push(this.spanArr[j *this.colFields.length + i]);while(stack.length >0){let pop = stack.pop();let len = stack.length;this.spanArr[(j - len)*this.colFields.length + i]= pop;}}}}}// console.log(this.spanArr);},objectSpanMethod({ row, column, rowIndex, columnIndex }){// console.log(this.spanArr[rowIndex * this.colFields.length + columnIndex]);returnthis.spanArr[rowIndex *this.colFields.length + columnIndex];},},mounted(){this.getSpanArr();},};</script><stylelang="scss"scoped></style>

效果:

我们可以看到，所有列，只要数据相同的单元格都被合并了，包括我不想合并的单元格，这时候就要指定合并的列了

3. 动态合并相同数据单元格（指定列）

• 只需要加个if判断即可指定要合并哪些列

// 这里只放了部分代码,除了加了个if,其他代码和上面的一样getSpanArr(){for(let i =0; i <this.tableData.length; i++){let row = i;// let col = i % this.colCount;if(row ===0){// i 表示行 j表示列for(let j =0; j <this.colFields.length; j++){this.spanArr[i *this.colFields.length + j]={rowspan:1,colspan:1,};}}else{for(let j =0; j <this.colFields.length; j++){// 当前和上一次的一样//  合并所有列的相同数据单元格if(this.colFields[j]=="School"||this.colFields[j]=="Grade"||this.colFields[j]=="Class"){// 指定合并哪些列if(this.tableData[row][this.colFields[j]]===this.tableData[row -1][this.colFields[j]]){let beforeItem =this.spanArr[(row -1)*this.colFields.length + j];this.spanArr[row *this.colFields.length + j]={rowspan:1+ beforeItem.rowspan,colspan:1,};
                beforeItem.rowspan =0;
                beforeItem.colspan =0;}else{// rowspan 和 colspan 都为1表格此单元格不合并this.spanArr[row *this.colFields.length + j]={rowspan:1,colspan:1,};}}}}}

效果:
这样就只合并了我们指定的那几列了

4. 动态合并相同数据单元格（指定列+合并条件）

有时候我们会遇到不想合并的单元格，比如下面这种情况：

按常理来说，不同小学的数据应该是不做合并才对，正确是这种：

这时候就需要加上一些自定义的合并条件了：

getSpanArr(){for(let i =0; i <this.tableData.length; i++){let row = i;// let col = i % this.colCount;if(row ===0){// i 表示行 j表示列for(let j =0; j <this.colFields.length; j++){this.spanArr[i *this.colFields.length + j]={rowspan:1,colspan:1,};}}else{for(let j =0; j <this.colFields.length; j++){// 当前和上一次的一样//  合并所有列的相同数据单元格if(this.colFields[j]=="School"||this.colFields[j]=="Grade"||this.colFields[j]=="Class"){// 指定合并哪些列if(this.tableData[row]["School"]!==this.tableData[row -1]["School"]){// 哪些不合并:School不一样的,不合并this.spanArr[row *this.colFields.length + j]={rowspan:1,colspan:1,};}elseif(this.tableData[row][this.colFields[j]]===this.tableData[row -1][this.colFields[j]]){let beforeItem =this.spanArr[(row -1)*this.colFields.length + j];this.spanArr[row *this.colFields.length + j]={rowspan:1+ beforeItem.rowspan,// 合并几列colspan:1,// 合并几行};
                beforeItem.rowspan =0;
                beforeItem.colspan =0;}else{// rowspan 和 colspan 都为1表格此单元格不合并this.spanArr[row *this.colFields.length + j]={rowspan:1,colspan:1,};}}}}}// console.log(this.spanArr);},

这时候再看，就是我们想要的效果了

完整代码

最后附完整代码：

<template><div><el-table:data="tableData":span-method="objectSpanMethod"border:header-cell-style="{ textAlign: 'center', backgroundColor: '#F5F7FA' }"><el-table-columnprop="School"label="学校"align="center"></el-table-column><el-table-columnprop="Grade"label="年级"align="center"/><el-table-columnprop="Class"label="班级"align="center"/><el-table-columnprop="Name"label="姓名"align="center"/><el-table-columnprop="Chinese"label="语文"align="center"/><el-table-columnprop="Math"label="数学"align="center"/><el-table-columnprop="English"label="英语"align="center"/></el-table></div></template><script>exportdefault{data(){return{// 存放所有的表头 一定要与tableData一致colFields:["School","Grade","Class","Name","Chinese","Math","English",],spanArr:[],//存储合并单元格的开始位置// 表格数据tableData:[// 一年级{School:"第一小学",Grade:"1年级",Class:"1班",Name:"张三",Chinese:"90",Math:"100",English:"80",},{School:"第一小学",Grade:"1年级",Class:"1班",Name:"张伟",Chinese:"90",Math:"99",English:"89",},{School:"第一小学",Grade:"1年级",Class:"2班",Name:"李四",Chinese:"90",Math:"85",English:"80",},{School:"第一小学",Grade:"1年级",Class:"3班",Name:"王五",Chinese:"79",Math:"100",English:"80",},// 二年级{School:"第一小学",Grade:"2年级",Class:"1班",Name:"赵六",Chinese:"95",Math:"100",English:"80",},{School:"第一小学",Grade:"2年级",Class:"2班",Name:"钱八",Chinese:"98",Math:"85",English:"80",},{School:"第一小学",Grade:"2年级",Class:"3班",Name:"陈九",Chinese:"79",Math:"100",English:"100",},// 三年级{School:"第一小学",Grade:"3年级",Class:"1班",Name:"黄十",Chinese:"91",Math:"88",English:"80",},{School:"第一小学",Grade:"3年级",Class:"2班",Name:"魏一",Chinese:"90",Math:"86",English:"87",},{School:"第一小学",Grade:"3年级",Class:"3班",Name:"杨二",Chinese:"79",Math:"99",English:"80",},// 第二小学{School:"第二小学",Grade:"3年级",Class:"3班",Name:"袁零",Chinese:"79",Math:"99",English:"80",},],};},methods:{/**
     * 分析每一列，找出相同的
     * @param data
     */getSpanArr(){for(let i =0; i <this.tableData.length; i++){let row = i;// let col = i % this.colCount;if(row ===0){// i 表示行 j表示列for(let j =0; j <this.colFields.length; j++){this.spanArr[i *this.colFields.length + j]={rowspan:1,colspan:1,};}}else{for(let j =0; j <this.colFields.length; j++){// 当前和上一次的一样//  合并所有列的相同数据单元格if(this.colFields[j]=="School"||this.colFields[j]=="Grade"||this.colFields[j]=="Class"){// 指定合并哪些列if(this.tableData[row]["School"]!==this.tableData[row -1]["School"]){// 哪些不合并:School不一样的,不合并this.spanArr[row *this.colFields.length + j]={rowspan:1,colspan:1,};}elseif(this.tableData[row][this.colFields[j]]===this.tableData[row -1][this.colFields[j]]){let beforeItem =this.spanArr[(row -1)*this.colFields.length + j];this.spanArr[row *this.colFields.length + j]={rowspan:1+ beforeItem.rowspan,// 合并几列colspan:1,// 合并几行};
                beforeItem.rowspan =0;
                beforeItem.colspan =0;}else{// rowspan 和 colspan 都为1表格此单元格不合并this.spanArr[row *this.colFields.length + j]={rowspan:1,colspan:1,};}}}}}// 对数据进行倒序let stack =[];for(let i =0; i <this.colFields.length; i++){for(let j =0; j <this.tableData.length; j++){// console.log("i=" + i + " j=" + j);// i 表示列 j表示行if(j ===0){if(this.spanArr[j *this.colFields.length + i].rowspan ===0){
              stack.push(this.spanArr[j *this.colFields.length + i]);}}else{if(this.spanArr[j *this.colFields.length + i].rowspan ===0){
              stack.push(this.spanArr[j *this.colFields.length + i]);}else{
              stack.push(this.spanArr[j *this.colFields.length + i]);while(stack.length >0){let pop = stack.pop();let len = stack.length;this.spanArr[(j - len)*this.colFields.length + i]= pop;}}}}}// console.log(this.spanArr);},objectSpanMethod({ row, column, rowIndex, columnIndex }){// console.log(this.spanArr[rowIndex * this.colFields.length + columnIndex]);returnthis.spanArr[rowIndex *this.colFields.length + columnIndex];},},mounted(){this.getSpanArr();},};</script><stylelang="scss"scoped></style>

参考:https://blog.csdn.net/u010735120/article/details/122184493