@Test单元测试注入bean 3种方式

1. @ContextConfiguration

@ContextConfiguration Spring整合JUnit4测试时，使用注解引入多个配置文件

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {CachingConfig.class})

如下：

@Resource
 private CacheManager cacheManager;

是CachingConfig的bean

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = {CachingConfig.class})
public class ExampleBeanTest {

    private ExampleBean exampleBeanUnderTest;
    @Resource
    private CacheManager cacheManager;

    @Before
    public void setUp() {
        exampleBeanUnderTest = new ExampleBean();
    }
}

2. @SpringBootTest

在类上添加以下代码：

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = {项目启动类.class})

在执行test之前会先执行启动项目，后对象会被注入到单元测试所在类中

3. @Before

private ExampleBean exampleBeanUnderTest;

@Before
 public void setUp() {
     exampleBeanUnderTest = new ExampleBean();
 }