VSCode使用MinGW编译器，配置C/C++环境

每次换了电脑都忘记配环境的教程，这次直接做个笔记得了。

一、安装VSCode

VSCode安装教程（默认已经装好）

VSCode安装使用教程（最新详细版）_vscode安装教程-CSDN博客

VSCode只是编辑器，所以还需要一个编译器，这里使用MinGW编译器。

二、安装MinGW编译器

下载链接：MinGW Distro - nuwen.net

找到下载的安装包位置，双击，出现一个窗口，意思是选择安装路径，我安装在了D:\software\MinGW\中。然后点击“Extract”安装。

1、配置环境变量

安装完成后打开安装后的目录，打开bin文件目录，复制地址栏【我的路径是D:\software\MinGW\MinGW\bin】。

win11直接搜索“查看高级系统设置”。

查看环境变量

环境变量配置成功，测试是否配置成功。

2、测试配置是否成功

Win+R调出命令提示符，输入cmd，弹出命令行。输入g++ --version，如图显示版本表示配置成功。

三、配置VSCode

1、安装所需扩展

需要安装的：

• C/C++ 【必备】
• Code Runner【必备】
• Rainbow Brackets【帮助阅读工具, 按需安装】
• Chinese(Simplified)【中文环境, 按需安装】

2、新建代码存放文件夹

安装完成后新建文件夹存放文件（尽量路径中不要有中文），我的是G:\MyCode\目录。

然后在vscode中文件-->打开文件夹。

3、添加配置文件

点击新建文件夹，并将文件夹命名为.vscode（只能是这个名字）

点击新建文件，新建四个文件。文件名分别为：

• c_cpp_properties.json
• launch.json
• settings.json
• tasks.json

4、配置文件内容

（1）c_cpp_properties.json

{
    "configurations": [
      {
        "name": "Win64",
        "includePath": ["${workspaceFolder}/**"],
        "defines": ["_DEBUG", "UNICODE", "_UNICODE"],
        "windowsSdkVersion": "10.0.18362.0",
        "compilerPath": "D:/software/MinGW/MinGW/bin/g++.exe",
        "cStandard": "c17",
        "cppStandard": "c++17",
        "intelliSenseMode": "gcc-x64"
      }
    ],
    "version": 4
  }

其中，compilerPath这一项要把路径改成刚才g++的安装路径（在MinGW编译器安装的bin目录下）

（2）launch.json

{
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
      {
        "name": "(gdb) Launch", 
        "type": "cppdbg", 
        "request": "launch", 
        "program": "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe", 
        "args": [], 
        "stopAtEntry": false,
        "cwd": "${workspaceRoot}",
        "environment": [],
        "externalConsole": true, 
        "MIMode": "gdb",
        "miDebuggerPath": "D:/software/MinGW/MinGW/bin/gdb.exe",
        "preLaunchTask": "g++",
        "setupCommands": [
          {
            "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
            "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
            "ignoreFailures": true
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
  

miDebuggerPath这一项也要把路径改成刚才g++的安装路径（在MinGW编译器安装的bin目录下）

（3）settings.json

{
  "files.associations": {
    "*.py": "python",
    "iostream": "cpp",
    "*.tcc": "cpp",
    "string": "cpp",
    "unordered_map": "cpp",
    "vector": "cpp",
    "ostream": "cpp",
    "new": "cpp",
    "typeinfo": "cpp",
    "deque": "cpp",
    "initializer_list": "cpp",
    "iosfwd": "cpp",
    "fstream": "cpp",
    "sstream": "cpp",
    "map": "c",
    "stdio.h": "c",
    "algorithm": "cpp",
    "atomic": "cpp",
    "bit": "cpp",
    "cctype": "cpp",
    "clocale": "cpp",
    "cmath": "cpp",
    "compare": "cpp",
    "concepts": "cpp",
    "cstddef": "cpp",
    "cstdint": "cpp",
    "cstdio": "cpp",
    "cstdlib": "cpp",
    "cstring": "cpp",
    "ctime": "cpp",
    "cwchar": "cpp",
    "exception": "cpp",
    "ios": "cpp",
    "istream": "cpp",
    "iterator": "cpp",
    "limits": "cpp",
    "memory": "cpp",
    "random": "cpp",
    "set": "cpp",
    "stack": "cpp",
    "stdexcept": "cpp",
    "streambuf": "cpp",
    "system_error": "cpp",
    "tuple": "cpp",
    "type_traits": "cpp",
    "utility": "cpp",
    "xfacet": "cpp",
    "xiosbase": "cpp",
    "xlocale": "cpp",
    "xlocinfo": "cpp",
    "xlocnum": "cpp",
    "xmemory": "cpp",
    "xstddef": "cpp",
    "xstring": "cpp",
    "xtr1common": "cpp",
    "xtree": "cpp",
    "xutility": "cpp",
    "stdlib.h": "c",
    "string.h": "c"
  },
  "editor.suggest.snippetsPreventQuickSuggestions": false,
  "aiXcoder.showTrayIcon": true
}

（4）tasks.json

{
  "version": "2.0.0",
  "tasks": [
    {
      "label": "g++",
      "command": "g++",
      "args": [
        "-g",
        "${file}",
        "-o",
        "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe"
      ],
      "problemMatcher": {
        "owner": "cpp",
        "fileLocation": ["relative", "${workspaceRoot}"],
        "pattern": {
          "regexp": "^(.*):(\\d+):(\\d+):\\s+(warning|error):\\s+(.*)$",
          "file": 1,
          "line": 2,
          "column": 3,
          "severity": 4,
          "message": 5
        }
      },
      "group": {
        "kind": "build",
        "isDefault": true
      }
    }
  ]
}

此时环境已经配好了。

注意：以后的C/C++代码文件必须放在.vscode文件夹的文件夹里，否则会出现报错。

测试

测试用了一个最简单的"Hello, World!" 程序。

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    printf("Hello, World!\n");
    return 0;
}

以上就是所有的配置过程，比较简单，但是其中有部分比较细小但需要注意的事项。

其他：C++程序运行

linux和windows系统下，C++程序运行略有差距，这部分主要介绍的是windows系统、

创建一个test.cpp文件

#include <iostream>

int main() {
    std::cout << "Hello, Merry!" << std::endl;
    return 0;
}

新建终端

定位在代码所在目录中

编译

g++ test.cpp -o test

执行

./test