PyTorch搭建LSTM实现服装分类（FashionMNIST）

FashionMNIST 数据集官网：https://github.com/zalandoresearch/fashion-mnist.

这里不再介绍该数据集，如需了解请前往官网。

思路： 数据集中的每张图片都是尺寸为

    (
   
   
    28
   
   
    ,
   
   
    28
   
   
    )
   
  
  
   (28,28)
  
 
(28,28) 的灰度图。我们可以将其看作 
 
  
   
    28
   
   
    ×
   
   
    28
   
  
  
   28\times28
  
 
28×28 的数字矩阵，将该矩阵按行进行**逐行分块**可得一个长度为 
 
  
   
    28
   
  
  
   28
  
 
28 的序列，且序列中的每个 “词元” 对应的特征维数也是 
 
  
   
    28
   
  
  
   28
  
 
28。

运行环境：

• 系统：Ubuntu 20.04；
• GPU：RTX 3090；
• Pytorch：1.11；
• Python：3.8

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import torch
import torchvision
import torch.nn as nn
from torch.utils.data import DataLoader
# Data Preprocessing
train_data = torchvision.datasets.FashionMNIST(root='data',
                                               train=True,
                                               transform=torchvision.transforms.ToTensor(),
                                               download=True)
test_data = torchvision.datasets.FashionMNIST(root='data',
                                              train=False,
                                              transform=torchvision.transforms.ToTensor(),
                                              download=True)
train_loader = DataLoader(train_data, batch_size=64, shuffle=True, num_workers=4)
test_loader = DataLoader(test_data, batch_size=64, num_workers=4)# Model buildingclassLSTM(nn.Module):def__init__(self):super().__init__()
        self.lstm = nn.LSTM(28,64, num_layers=2)
        self.linear = nn.Linear(64,10)defforward(self, x):
        output,(h_n, c_n)= self.lstm(x,None)return self.linear(h_n[0])defsetup_seed(seed):
    np.random.seed(seed)
    torch.manual_seed(seed)
    torch.cuda.manual_seed(seed)
    torch.cuda.manual_seed_all(seed)# Setup
setup_seed(42)
NUM_EPOCHS =20
LR =4e-3
train_loss, test_loss, test_acc =[],[],[]
device ='cuda'if torch.cuda.is_available()else'cpu'
lstm = LSTM()
lstm.to(device)
critertion = nn.CrossEntropyLoss()
optimizer = torch.optim.Adam(lstm.parameters(), lr=LR)# Training and testingfor epoch inrange(NUM_EPOCHS):print(f'[Epoch {epoch +1}]', end=' ')
    avg_train_loss, avg_test_loss, correct =0,0,0# train
    lstm.train()for batch_idx,(X, y)inenumerate(train_loader):# (64, 1, 28, 28) -> (28, 64, 28)
        X = X.squeeze().movedim(0,1)
        X, y = X.to(device), y.to(device)# forward
        output = lstm(X)
        loss = critertion(output, y)
        avg_train_loss += loss
        # backward
        optimizer.zero_grad()
        loss.backward()
        optimizer.step()
    avg_train_loss /=(batch_idx +1)
    train_loss.append(avg_train_loss.item())# test
    lstm.eval()with torch.no_grad():for batch_idx,(X, y)inenumerate(test_loader):
            X = X.squeeze().movedim(0,1)
            X, y = X.to(device), y.to(device)
            pred = lstm(X)
            loss = critertion(pred, y)
            avg_test_loss += loss
            correct +=(pred.argmax(1)== y).sum().item()
    avg_test_loss /=(batch_idx +1)
    test_loss.append(avg_test_loss.item())
    correct /=len(test_loader.dataset)
    test_acc.append(correct)print(f"train loss: {train_loss[-1]:.4f} | test loss: {test_loss[-1]:.4f} | test acc: {correct:.4f}")# Plot
x = np.arange(1,21)
plt.plot(x, train_loss, label="train loss")
plt.plot(x, test_loss, label="test loss")
plt.plot(x, test_acc, label="test acc")
plt.xlabel("epoch")
plt.legend(loc="best", fontsize=12)
plt.show()

输出结果：

[Epoch 1] train loss:0.6602| test loss:0.5017| test acc:0.8147[Epoch 2] train loss:0.4089| test loss:0.3979| test acc:0.8566[Epoch 3] train loss:0.3577| test loss:0.3675| test acc:0.8669[Epoch 4] train loss:0.3268| test loss:0.3509| test acc:0.8751[Epoch 5] train loss:0.3098| test loss:0.3395| test acc:0.8752[Epoch 6] train loss:0.2962| test loss:0.3135| test acc:0.8854[Epoch 7] train loss:0.2823| test loss:0.3377| test acc:0.8776[Epoch 8] train loss:0.2720| test loss:0.3196| test acc:0.8835[Epoch 9] train loss:0.2623| test loss:0.3120| test acc:0.8849[Epoch 10] train loss:0.2547| test loss:0.2981| test acc:0.8931[Epoch 11] train loss:0.2438| test loss:0.3140| test acc:0.8882[Epoch 12] train loss:0.2372| test loss:0.3043| test acc:0.8909[Epoch 13] train loss:0.2307| test loss:0.2977| test acc:0.8918[Epoch 14] train loss:0.2219| test loss:0.2888| test acc:0.8970[Epoch 15] train loss:0.2187| test loss:0.2946| test acc:0.8959[Epoch 16] train loss:0.2132| test loss:0.2894| test acc:0.8985[Epoch 17] train loss:0.2061| test loss:0.2835| test acc:0.9014[Epoch 18] train loss:0.2028| test loss:0.2954| test acc:0.8971[Epoch 19] train loss:0.1966| test loss:0.2952| test acc:0.8986[Epoch 20] train loss:0.1922| test loss:0.2910| test acc:0.9011

相应的曲线：

一些心得 ：

• 切勿直接使用 X = X.reshape(28, -1, 28)，否则 X 对应的将不是原来的图片（读者可自行尝试使用 torchvision.transforms.ToPILImage 去输出 X 对应的图片观察效果）。
• 学习率相同的情况下，SGD 的效果没有 Adam 好。