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Apache 服务器的搭建和配置

一、基本介绍

Apache HTTP Server(简称Apache)是Apache软件基金会的一个开放源码的网页服务器,可以运行在几乎所有广泛使用的计算机平台上,由于其跨平台和安全性被广泛使用,是最流行的Web服务器端软件之一,Apache的主程序名为httpd。

二、apache安装

1.关闭防火墙和selinux

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld && setenforce 0

2、yum安装,开启,查看apache端口

[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y httpd
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start httpd
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -lntp | grep 80 #apache的端口为80,net-tools                                            

index.html :默认访问网站的主页名称

默认发布网站的目录:/var/www/html

3、编写测试页面,并访问

[[email protected] ~]# echo dir1 > /var/www/html/index.html

apache 安装完成

三、访问控制

将http.conf文档复制并去掉httpd.conf的#

去掉httpd.conf里面的空行

[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/httpd/conf/

[root@localhost conf]# sed -i.back '/#.*/' httpd.conf

[root@localhost conf]# sed -i '/^$/d' httpd.conf

1、允许所有人访问

vim  /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 编辑配置文件

<Directory "/var/www">
    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
    AllowOverride None
    Require all granted
</Directory>

systemctl restart httpd   重启httpd

2、只拒绝一部分客户端访问:

vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

<Directory "/var/www">
    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
    AllowOverride None
   <RequireAll>
    Require not ip 10.36.192.24 10.36.192.25 #将不允许访问的客户端IP写在这里,以空格隔开
    Require all granted
  </RequireAll>
</Directory>

systemctl restart httpd  #重启httpd

3、只允许部分ip访问

vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

<Directory "/var/www">
    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
    AllowOverride None
   <RequireAll>
     Require ip 10.36.192.16
  </RequireAll>
 
systemctl restart httpd

4、拒绝所有ip访问

vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

<Directory "/var/www">
    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
    AllowOverride None
   <RequireALL>
    Require all deined
   </RequireAll>

systemctl restart httpd

四、修改默认网页发布目录

1.创建网站发布目录

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir  /web

2.修改配置文件

[root@localhost httpd]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
DocumentRoot "/web"               # 修改网站根目录为/web
<Directory "/web">               # 把这个也对应的修改为/web

3.创建测试页面

[root@localhost ~]# vim index.html

这是一个测试页面

4.重启httpd

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl  restart httpd

五、虚拟主机

虚拟主机:将多个网站放在同一台服务器上

1 、基于端口

(1)修改配置信息

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
ServerRoot "/etc/httpd"
Listen 90
Listen 100 #添加端口

(2)修改次配置信息

[root@localhost dir2]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/test.conf
<VirtualHost *:90>
  DocumentRoot /web/dir1
<Directory "/web/dir1">
  AllowOverride None
  Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:100>
  DocumentRoot /web/dir2
<Directory "/web/dir2">
  AllowOverride None
  Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>

(3)创建目录,发布项目

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /web/dir1
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /web/dir2
[root@localhost ~]# touch /web/dir1/index.html
[root@localhost ~]# touch /web/dir2/index.html

将前端代码发布到index.html中

(4)重启httpd并查看

2.基于域名

(1)修改次配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/test.conf
<VirtualHost *:80>
  DocumentRoot /web/dir1
ServerName  www.zhangxiao.com
<Directory "/web/dir1">
  AllowOverride None
  Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost *:80>
  DocumentRoot /web/dir2
ServerName www.zx.com
<Directory "/web/dir2">
  AllowOverride None
  Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>

(2)重启httpd

[root@localhost~]# systemctl restart httpd

(3)配置域名解析

C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc

10.36.192.66  www.zhangxiao.com
10.36.192.66  www.zx.com

(4)重启并查看

3.基于ip

(1)添加一个新的网卡ip

[root@localhost ~]# ip a a 10.36.192.188 dev ens33

(2)修改配置次文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/test.conf
<VirtualHost 10.36.192.66:80>
  DocumentRoot /web/dir1
<Directory "/web/dir1">
  AllowOverride None
  Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost 10.36.192.188:80>
  DocumentRoot /web/dir2
<Directory "/web/dir2">
  AllowOverride None
  Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>

(3)重启httpd

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart httpd

标签: apache 服务器 运维

本文转载自: https://blog.csdn.net/2301_78315274/article/details/132889953
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