根据自己学习的内容,有关QTableView显示数据库,并实现数据库的增删改查,在这里做下总结。
1.连接数据库
先来看下连接数据库的效果图。
“连接数据库”按钮的槽函数如下:
void MainWindow::on_pushButton_connectDataBase_clicked(){//连接数据库
db.setHostName("127.0.0.1");
db.setPort(3306);
db.setDatabaseName("test");//数据库名称
db.setUserName("root");//用户名
db.setPassword("root");//密码qDebug()<<"available drivers:";
QStringList drivers = QSqlDatabase::drivers();for(auto driver: drivers)qDebug()<< driver;
bool ok = db.open();if(ok){
QMessageBox::information(this,"提示","数据库连接成功");qDebug()<<"数据库连接成功";}else{
QMessageBox::information(this,"提示","数据库连接失败");
this->close();qDebug()<<"数据库连接失败";}//若数据库中没有表,则新建
QSqlQuery query;
QString createTableUser="create table if not exists user(name varchar(8),age int(255), ""sex varchar(8), number int(255));";
query.exec(createTableUser);}
若在数据库名等信息没有填错的情况下,数据库连接失败,并打印以下信息,情参考该链接解决:https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_61196167/article/details/120654423
当运行点击"连接数据库"按钮后,会根据信息连接对应的数据库,若连接的该数据库没有user表时,会自动创建一个user表,创建的表信息如下图所示,该图为Navicat Premium 15软件内的截图。
2.查询数据库并显示在QTableView上
先看下效果图:
首先定义一个QSqlQueryModel数据模型,并于对应的QTableView绑定,如下:
QSqlQueryModel *userMode;//数据模型
userMode = new QSqlQueryModel(ui->tableView);//绑定
设置点击查询的槽函数:
//查询void MainWindow::on_pushButton_query_clicked(){
userMode->setQuery("select * from user;");ReshowTable();}void MainWindow::ReshowTable(){
userMode->setHeaderData(0,Qt::Horizontal,tr("姓名"));
userMode->setHeaderData(1,Qt::Horizontal,tr("年龄"));
userMode->setHeaderData(2,Qt::Horizontal,tr("性别"));
userMode->setHeaderData(3,Qt::Horizontal,tr("手机号"));
ui->tableView->setModel(userMode);}
3.添加
先看添加的效果图:
在信息输入内对应填写各信息,填写完成后点击“添加”按钮,可添加完成输入的对应信息,与数据库内容同步,添加按钮的槽函数:
//添加void MainWindow::on_pushButton_add_clicked(){
QString name = ui->lineEdit_name->text();
QString age = ui->lineEdit_age->text();
QString sex = ui->lineEdit_sex->text();
QString number = ui->lineEdit_number->text();
QSqlQuery query;
QString str1 ="'"+ name +"','"+ age +"','"+sex+"','"+number+"'";
QString str ="insert into user(name, age, sex, number) values("+ str1 +");";
query.exec(str);
userMode->setQuery("select * from user;");ReshowTable();}
4.修改
修改的效果图:
设置点击表格中的某一列,然后将点击那一列的信息显示在编辑信息的文本框内,修改完成后点击修改即可完成修改,对应函数如下函数:
void MainWindow::on_tableView_pressed(const QModelIndex &index){
QString name = userMode->data(userMode->index(index.row(),0)).toString();
QString age = userMode->data(userMode->index(index.row(),1)).toString();
QString sex = userMode->data(userMode->index(index.row(),2)).toString();
QString number = userMode->data(userMode->index(index.row(),3)).toString();
ui->lineEdit_name->setText(name);
ui->lineEdit_age->setText(age);
ui->lineEdit_sex->setText(sex);
ui->lineEdit_number->setText(number);}//修改void MainWindow::on_pushButton_change_clicked(){
QSqlQuery query;
QString str ="update user set name='"+ ui->lineEdit_name->text()+"',age='"+ ui->lineEdit_age->text()+"',sex='"+ ui->lineEdit_sex->text()+"' where number='"+ ui->lineEdit_number->text()+"';";
query.exec(str);
QMessageBox::information(this,"修改成功","表信息修改成功");
userMode->setQuery("select * from user;");ReshowTable();}
5.删除
删除的效果图:
删除的槽函数如下:
//删除void MainWindow::on_pushButton_delete_clicked(){
QSqlQuery query;int currentrow = ui->tableView->currentIndex().row();
userMode->removeRow(currentrow);if(currentrow !=-1)//若选中一行{int ok = QMessageBox::warning(this,tr("删除当前行!"),tr("你确定删除当前行吗?"), QMessageBox::Yes,QMessageBox::No);//如确认删除if(ok == QMessageBox::Yes){
userMode->removeRow(currentrow);
QString name = userMode->data(userMode->index(currentrow,0)).toString();//获取姓名
QString del ="delete from user where name='"+ name +"';";
query.exec(del);
userMode->setQuery("select * from user");
ui->tableView->setModel(userMode);
QMessageBox::information(this,"删除成功","所选信息删除成功");}}else
QMessageBox::information(this,"提示","请选择你要删除的信息行");}
6.总代码
mainwidow.h
#ifndefMAINWINDOW_H#defineMAINWINDOW_H#include<QMainWindow>#include<QMessageBox>#include<QSqlDatabase>#include<QSqlQuery>#include<QDebug>#include<QSqlQueryModel>
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class MainWindow;}
QT_END_NAMESPACE
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
Q_OBJECT
public:MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);~MainWindow();
private slots:voidReshowTable();voidon_pushButton_connectDataBase_clicked();voidon_pushButton_add_clicked();voidon_pushButton_delete_clicked();voidon_pushButton_change_clicked();voidon_pushButton_query_clicked();voidon_tableView_pressed(const QModelIndex &index);
private:
Ui::MainWindow *ui;
QSqlDatabase db= QSqlDatabase::addDatabase("QMYSQL");
QSqlQueryModel *userMode;//数据模型};#endif// MAINWINDOW_H
mainwindow.cpp
#include"mainwindow.h"#include"ui_mainwindow.h"
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent):QMainWindow(parent),ui(new Ui::MainWindow){
ui->setupUi(this);
userMode = new QSqlQueryModel(ui->tableView);//绑定}
MainWindow::~MainWindow(){
delete ui;}void MainWindow::ReshowTable(){
userMode->setHeaderData(0,Qt::Horizontal,tr("姓名"));
userMode->setHeaderData(1,Qt::Horizontal,tr("年龄"));
userMode->setHeaderData(2,Qt::Horizontal,tr("性别"));
userMode->setHeaderData(3,Qt::Horizontal,tr("手机号"));
ui->tableView->setModel(userMode);}void MainWindow::on_pushButton_connectDataBase_clicked(){//连接数据库
db.setHostName("127.0.0.1");
db.setPort(3306);
db.setDatabaseName("test");//数据库名称
db.setUserName("root");//用户名
db.setPassword("root");//密码qDebug()<<"available drivers:";
QStringList drivers = QSqlDatabase::drivers();for(auto driver: drivers)qDebug()<< driver;
bool ok = db.open();if(ok){
QMessageBox::information(this,"提示","数据库连接成功");qDebug()<<"数据库连接成功";}else{
QMessageBox::information(this,"提示","数据库连接失败");
this->close();qDebug()<<"数据库连接失败";}//若数据库中没有表,则新建
QSqlQuery query;
QString createTableUser="create table if not exists user(name varchar(8),age int(255), ""sex varchar(8), number int(255));";
query.exec(createTableUser);}//添加void MainWindow::on_pushButton_add_clicked(){
QString name = ui->lineEdit_name->text();
QString age = ui->lineEdit_age->text();
QString sex = ui->lineEdit_sex->text();
QString number = ui->lineEdit_number->text();
QSqlQuery query;
QString str1 ="'"+ name +"','"+ age +"','"+sex+"','"+number+"'";
QString str ="insert into user(name, age, sex, number) values("+ str1 +");";
query.exec(str);
userMode->setQuery("select * from user;");ReshowTable();}//删除void MainWindow::on_pushButton_delete_clicked(){
QSqlQuery query;int currentrow = ui->tableView->currentIndex().row();
userMode->removeRow(currentrow);if(currentrow !=-1)//若选中一行{int ok = QMessageBox::warning(this,tr("删除当前行!"),tr("你确定删除当前行吗?"), QMessageBox::Yes,QMessageBox::No);//如确认删除if(ok == QMessageBox::Yes){
userMode->removeRow(currentrow);
QString name = userMode->data(userMode->index(currentrow,0)).toString();//获取姓名
QString del ="delete from user where name='"+ name +"';";
query.exec(del);
userMode->setQuery("select * from user");
ui->tableView->setModel(userMode);
QMessageBox::information(this,"删除成功","所选信息删除成功");}}else
QMessageBox::information(this,"提示","请选择你要删除的信息行");}//修改void MainWindow::on_pushButton_change_clicked(){
QSqlQuery query;
QString str ="update user set name='"+ ui->lineEdit_name->text()+"',age='"+ ui->lineEdit_age->text()+"',sex='"+ ui->lineEdit_sex->text()+"' where number='"+ ui->lineEdit_number->text()+"';";
query.exec(str);
QMessageBox::information(this,"修改成功","表信息修改成功");
userMode->setQuery("select * from user;");ReshowTable();}//查询void MainWindow::on_pushButton_query_clicked(){
userMode->setQuery("select * from user;");ReshowTable();}void MainWindow::on_tableView_pressed(const QModelIndex &index){
QString name = userMode->data(userMode->index(index.row(),0)).toString();
QString age = userMode->data(userMode->index(index.row(),1)).toString();
QString sex = userMode->data(userMode->index(index.row(),2)).toString();
QString number = userMode->data(userMode->index(index.row(),3)).toString();
ui->lineEdit_name->setText(name);
ui->lineEdit_age->setText(age);
ui->lineEdit_sex->setText(sex);
ui->lineEdit_number->setText(number);}
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