文章目录
1 摘要
FFmpeg 是最常用的跨平台的音频、视频处理软件,但是其通过命令行的方式进行操作对于普通用户而言上手难度大,同时 FFmpeg 只是函数库,对于不同的编程语言,需要自行适配API接口,以便于操作文件。本文介绍SpringBoot 集成 FFmpeg 实现对音视频文件的解析。
FFmpeg 官网: https://ffmpeg.org
FFmpeg Java 平台常用适配仓库:
JavaCV : https://github.com/bytedeco/javacv
JavaCV 是一个集成第三方函数库的平台,包括 OpenCV、FFmpeg 等知名函数库,提供统一的 API 操作,应用广泛。在不考虑应用程序体积大小的情况下推荐使用 JavaCV 作为集成方案。
JAVE2: https://github.com/a-schild/jave2
JAVE2 是将 FFmpeg 进行封装,并提供 Java API 以供用户操作音视频文件的依赖库。用户可以根据软件运行的操作系统来自由选择所需平台的依赖。
本文是基于 JAVE2 依赖来实现解析音视频文件的功能。
2 核心 Maven 依赖
demo-ffmpeg-media/pom.xml
<!-- ffmpeg 音视频处理 --><dependency><groupId>ws.schild</groupId><artifactId>jave-core</artifactId><version>${schild-ffmpeg.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>ws.schild</groupId><artifactId>jave-nativebin-win64</artifactId><version>${schild-ffmpeg.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>ws.schild</groupId><artifactId>jave-nativebin-linux64</artifactId><version>${schild-ffmpeg.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>ws.schild</groupId><artifactId>jave-nativebin-osx64</artifactId><version>${schild-ffmpeg.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>ws.schild</groupId><artifactId>jave-nativebin-osxm1</artifactId><version>${schild-ffmpeg.version}</version></dependency>
其中
schild-ffmpeg
版本为:
<schild-ffmpeg.version>3.5.0</schild-ffmpeg.version>
这里分别引入了 Windows、Linux、macOS 系统的依赖,可根据软件运行环境进行删减。
3 核心代码
3.1 FFmpeg 解析音视频工具类
demo-ffmpeg-media/src/main/java/com/ljq/demo/springboot/ffmpeg/common/util/FFmpegMediaUtil.java
packagecom.ljq.demo.springboot.ffmpeg.common.util;importcom.ljq.demo.springboot.ffmpeg.model.response.AudioInfoResponse;importcom.ljq.demo.springboot.ffmpeg.model.response.VideoInfoResponse;importlombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;importorg.springframework.util.DigestUtils;importws.schild.jave.MultimediaObject;importws.schild.jave.info.AudioInfo;importws.schild.jave.info.MultimediaInfo;importws.schild.jave.info.VideoInfo;importjava.io.File;importjava.nio.file.Files;importjava.util.Objects;/**
* @Description: FFmpeg 音视频工具类
* @Author: junqiang.lu
* @Date: 2024/5/10
*/@Slf4jpublicclassFFmpegMediaUtil{/**
* 获取视频信息
*
* @param videoPath 视频路径
* @return 视频信息
*/publicstaticVideoInfoResponsegetVideoInfo(String videoPath){VideoInfoResponse response =null;try{// 解析文件File videoFile =newFile(videoPath);MultimediaObject multimediaObject =newMultimediaObject(videoFile);MultimediaInfo multimediaInfo = multimediaObject.getInfo();VideoInfo videoInfo = multimediaInfo.getVideo();// 判断是否为视频if(Objects.isNull(videoInfo)|| videoInfo.getBitRate()<0){returnnull;}
response =newVideoInfoResponse();
response.setFormat(multimediaInfo.getFormat()).setDuration(multimediaInfo.getDuration()/1000).setSize(videoFile.length()).setMd5(DigestUtils.md5DigestAsHex(Files.readAllBytes(videoFile.toPath())));
response.setBitRate(videoInfo.getBitRate()).setFrameRate(videoInfo.getFrameRate()).setWidth(videoInfo.getSize().getWidth()).setHeight(videoInfo.getSize().getHeight());return response;}catch(Exception e){
log.warn("Error processing video file", e);}return response;}/**
* 获取音频信息
*
* @param audioPath 音频路径
* @return 音频信息
*/publicstaticAudioInfoResponsegetAudioInfo(String audioPath){AudioInfoResponse response =null;try{// 解析文件File videoFile =newFile(audioPath);MultimediaObject multimediaObject =newMultimediaObject(videoFile);MultimediaInfo multimediaInfo = multimediaObject.getInfo();AudioInfo audioInfo = multimediaInfo.getAudio();// 判断是否为音频if(Objects.isNull(audioInfo)||Objects.nonNull(multimediaInfo.getVideo())){returnnull;}
response =newAudioInfoResponse();
response.setFormat(multimediaInfo.getFormat()).setDuration(multimediaInfo.getDuration()/1000).setSize(videoFile.length()).setMd5(DigestUtils.md5DigestAsHex(Files.readAllBytes(videoFile.toPath())));
response.setSamplingRate(audioInfo.getSamplingRate()).setBitRate(audioInfo.getBitRate()).setChannels(audioInfo.getChannels()).setBitDepth(audioInfo.getBitDepth());return response;}catch(Exception e){
log.warn("Error processing audio file", e);}return response;}}
3.2 音视频文件信息参数
音视频文件公共信息参数
demo-ffmpeg-media/src/main/java/com/ljq/demo/springboot/ffmpeg/model/response/MediaInfoResponse.java
packagecom.ljq.demo.springboot.ffmpeg.model.response;importlombok.Data;importlombok.experimental.Accessors;importjava.io.Serializable;/**
* @Description: 多媒体信息
* @Author: junqiang.lu
* @Date: 2024/5/10
*/@Data@Accessors(chain =true)publicclassMediaInfoResponseimplementsSerializable{privatestaticfinallong serialVersionUID =-326368230008457941L;/**
* 文件格式
*/privateString format;/**
* 时长,单位:秒
*/privateLong duration;/**
* 文件大小,单位:字节数
*/privateLong size;/**
* 文件md5值
*/privateString md5;}
视频文件参数信息对象
demo-ffmpeg-media/src/main/java/com/ljq/demo/springboot/ffmpeg/model/response/VideoInfoResponse.java
packagecom.ljq.demo.springboot.ffmpeg.model.response;importlombok.Data;importlombok.ToString;importlombok.experimental.Accessors;/**
* @Description: 视频文件信息返回对象
* @Author: junqiang.lu
* @Date: 2024/5/10
*/@Data@Accessors(chain =true)@ToString(callSuper =true)publicclassVideoInfoResponseextendsMediaInfoResponse{privatestaticfinallong serialVersionUID =-9016123624628502571L;/**
* 比特率,单位: bps
*/privateInteger bitRate;/**
* 帧率,单位: FPS
*/privateFloat frameRate;/**
* 宽度,单位: px
*/privateInteger width;/**
* 高度,单位: px
*/privateInteger height;}
音频文件参数信息对象
demo-ffmpeg-media/src/main/java/com/ljq/demo/springboot/ffmpeg/model/response/AudioInfoResponse.java
packagecom.ljq.demo.springboot.ffmpeg.model.response;importlombok.Data;importlombok.ToString;importlombok.experimental.Accessors;/**
* @Description: 音频文件信息返回对象
* @Author: junqiang.lu
* @Date: 2024/5/10
*/@Data@Accessors(chain =true)@ToString(callSuper =true)publicclassAudioInfoResponseextendsMediaInfoResponse{privatestaticfinallong serialVersionUID =3573655613715240188L;/**
* 采样率
*/privateInteger samplingRate;/**
* 音频通道数量,1-单声道,2-立体声
*/privateInteger channels;/**
* 比特率,单位: bps
*/privateInteger bitRate;/**
* 位深度
*/privateString bitDepth;}
3.3 音视频文件上传Controller
demo-ffmpeg-media/src/main/java/com/ljq/demo/springboot/ffmpeg/controller/FFmpegMediaController.java
packagecom.ljq.demo.springboot.ffmpeg.controller;importcom.ljq.demo.springboot.ffmpeg.common.config.UploadConfig;importcom.ljq.demo.springboot.ffmpeg.common.util.FFmpegMediaUtil;importcom.ljq.demo.springboot.ffmpeg.model.response.AudioInfoResponse;importcom.ljq.demo.springboot.ffmpeg.model.response.VideoInfoResponse;importlombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;importorg.springframework.http.MediaType;importorg.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;importorg.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;importjavax.annotation.Resource;importjava.io.File;importjava.io.IOException;/**
* @Description: FFmpeg 媒体文件处理控制层
* @Author: junqiang.lu
* @Date: 2024/5/10
*/@Slf4j@RestController@RequestMapping(value ="/api/ffmpeg/media")publicclassFFmpegMediaController{@ResourceprivateUploadConfig uploadConfig;/**
* 视频上传
*
* @param file
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/@PostMapping(value ="/upload/video", produces ={MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE})publicResponseEntity<VideoInfoResponse>uploadVideo(MultipartFile file)throwsIOException{// 文件上传保存String videoFilePath = uploadConfig.getUploadPath()+File.separator + file.getOriginalFilename();
log.info("videoFilePath: {}", videoFilePath);File videoFile =newFile(videoFilePath);if(!videoFile.getParentFile().exists()){
videoFile.getParentFile().mkdirs();}
file.transferTo(videoFile);// 获取视频信息VideoInfoResponse videoInfoResponse =FFmpegMediaUtil.getVideoInfo(videoFilePath);returnResponseEntity.ok(videoInfoResponse);}/**
* 音频上传
*
* @param file
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/@PostMapping(value ="/upload/audio", produces ={MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE})publicResponseEntity<AudioInfoResponse>uploadAudio(MultipartFile file)throwsIOException{// 文件上传保存String audioFilePath = uploadConfig.getUploadPath()+File.separator + file.getOriginalFilename();
log.info("audioFilePath: {}", audioFilePath);File audioFile =newFile(audioFilePath);if(!audioFile.getParentFile().exists()){
audioFile.getParentFile().mkdirs();}
file.transferTo(audioFile);// 获取音频信息AudioInfoResponse audioInfoResponse =FFmpegMediaUtil.getAudioInfo(audioFilePath);returnResponseEntity.ok(audioInfoResponse);}}
3.4 application 配置文件
# configserver:port:9250# springspring:application:name: demo-ffmpeg-media
servlet:multipart:max-file-size: 1000MB
max-request-size: 1000MB
# uploadConfigupload:path: D:\\upload # linux/macOS 路径 /opt/upload
4 测试数据
示例文件下载: https://zh.getsamplefiles.com
4.1 视频文件解析
测试文件:
https://zh.getsamplefiles.com/download/mp4/sample-4.mp4
测试结果:
{"format":"mov","duration":30,"size":7588608,"md5":"d7b5155ee54ee9c7dcd8cbb5395823dc","bitRate":2015000,"frameRate":25.0,"width":1280,"height":720}
4.2 音频文件解析
测试文件:
https://zh.getsamplefiles.com/download/mp3/sample-5.mp3
测试结果:
{"format":"mp3","duration":45,"size":1830660,"md5":"843e2916b1c552fb5e8ee3d83faddb8c","samplingRate":44100,"channels":2,"bitRate":320000,"bitDepth":"fltp"}
5 注意事项
5.1 文件必须在本地
在实际项目中,一般会将文件保存到专门的文件服务器,但是 FFmpeg 解析文件必须是本地文件,因此在上传至文件服务器之前需要将文件在本地服务器做中转,解析完毕后再上传,然后删除本地文件。
6 推荐参考文档
SpringBoot集成ffmpeg实现视频转码播放
Convert video to Another Format in Spring Boot(Java-based apps)
springboot如何获取视频文件的视频时间长度
java 视频识别 java 视频转码
JAVE2 官方 Github
JAVE2 官方文档 Getting informations about a multimedia file
javacv-ffmpeg(八)视频文件信息获取
7 Github 源码
Gtihub 源码地址 : https://github.com/Flying9001/springBootDemo/tree/master/demo-ffmpeg-media
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