Spring Cloud中Controller单元测试 Junit5 & MockMvc

在Spring Cloud中进行Controller的单元测试，使用Junit5和Mock。

Controller:

@RestController
@RefreshScope
public class AccountController {

    @PostMapping("/login")
    void login(@RequestBody User user) {
        System.out.println(user.getPassword());
        System.out.println("login");
    }
}

方式一：使用@SpringBootTest + @AutoConfigureMockMvc

@SpringBootTest
@AutoConfigureMockMvc
class AccountControllerTest {

    @Autowired
    MockMvc mockMvc;
    

    public static String asJsonString(Object obj) {
        try {
            return new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(obj);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    @Test
    void testLogin() throws Exception {
        User user = userObject();
        mockMvc.perform(post("/login")
                        .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
                        .content(asJsonString(user)))
                .andExpect(status().isOk()).andReturn();
        
    }

    private User userObject() {
        String username = "user";
        String password = "password";
        return new User(username, password);
    }
}

方式二：使用@WebMvcTest + @ImportAutoConfiguration(RefreshAutoConfiguration.class)

解决**No Scope registered for scope name 'refresh'**异常

java.lang.IllegalStateException: No Scope registered for scope name 'refresh'

@WebMvcTest(AccountController.class)
@ImportAutoConfiguration(RefreshAutoConfiguration.class)
class AccountControllerTest {

    @Autowired
    MockMvc mockMvc;
    

    public static String asJsonString(Object obj) {
        try {
            return new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(obj);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    @Test
    void testLogin() throws Exception {
        User user = userObject();
        mockMvc.perform(post("/login")
                        .header("key","value")
                        .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
                        .content(asJsonString(user)))
                .andExpect(status().isOk()).andReturn();
        
    }

    private User userObject() {
        String username = "user";
        String password = "password";
        return new User(username, password);
    }
}

注入Mockmvc方式有两种

方式一：(@AutoConfigureMockMvc / @WebMvcTest) + @Autowired

方式二：

@BeforeEach
void setUp() {
    mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(new AccountController()).build();
}

注意：在使用Mockito.when打桩时注意顺序，需要在mockMvc.perform()之前，否则不生效。

在WebMvcTest中使用其他的Bean时，可以使用@MockBean进行模拟。