二百四十四、Hive——Hive中解析复杂JSON，既有对象还有数组，而且数组中包含数组

一、目的

由于协议修改，修改后的原始数据JSON更加复杂，导致Hive中解析的难度更大，搞了一天，还好同事发了篇知乎文章，终于得以解决，天哪，太不容易了

二、数据协议案例

{
"deviceNo": "39",
"sourceDeviceType": null,
"sn": null,
"model": null,
"createTime": "2024-07-16 07:30:00",
"data": {
"cycle": 300,
"sectionList": [{
"sectionNo": 1,
"coilList": [{
"laneNo": 1,
"laneType": null,
"coilNo": 1,
"volumeSum": 2,
"volumePerson": 0,
"volumeCarNon": 0,
"volumeCarSmall": 2,
"volumeCarMiddle": 0,
"volumeCarBig": 0,
"speedAvg": 29.65,
"timeOccupancy": 0.63,
"averageHeadway": 154.79,
"averageGap": 153.49,
"speed85": 40.0
},
{
"laneNo": 2,
"laneType": null,
"coilNo": 2,
"volumeSum": 5,
"volumePerson": 0,
"volumeCarNon": 0,
"volumeCarSmall": 5,
"volumeCarMiddle": 0,
"volumeCarBig": 0,
"speedAvg": 23.35,
"timeOccupancy": 2.99,
"averageHeadway": 123.27,
"averageGap": 121.08,
"speed85": 34.0
},
{
"laneNo": 3,
"laneType": null,
"coilNo": 3,
"volumeSum": 9,
"volumePerson": 0,
"volumeCarNon": 0,
"volumeCarSmall": 9,
"volumeCarMiddle": 0,
"volumeCarBig": 0,
"speedAvg": 26.22,
"timeOccupancy": 4.52,
"averageHeadway": 36.98,
"averageGap": 35.49,
"speed85": 36.0
},
{
"laneNo": 4,
"laneType": null,
"coilNo": 4,
"volumeSum": 10,
"volumePerson": 0,
"volumeCarNon": 0,
"volumeCarSmall": 10,
"volumeCarMiddle": 0,
"volumeCarBig": 0,
"speedAvg": 39.47,
"timeOccupancy": 2.69,
"averageHeadway": 34.73,
"averageGap": 33.78,
"speed85": 56.0
}]
},
{
"sectionNo": 2,
"coilList": [{
"laneNo": 5,
"laneType": null,
"coilNo": 5,
"volumeSum": 1,
"volumePerson": 0,
"volumeCarNon": 0,
"volumeCarSmall": 1,
"volumeCarMiddle": 0,
"volumeCarBig": 0,
"speedAvg": 32.74,
"timeOccupancy": 0.57,
"averageHeadway": 618.59,
"averageGap": 617.59,
"speed85": 32.74
},
{
"laneNo": 6,
"laneType": null,
"coilNo": 6,
"volumeSum": 3,
"volumePerson": 0,
"volumeCarNon": 0,
"volumeCarSmall": 3,
"volumeCarMiddle": 0,
"volumeCarBig": 0,
"speedAvg": 39.27,
"timeOccupancy": 0.37,
"averageHeadway": 125.1,
"averageGap": 124.26,
"speed85": 49.0
},
{
"laneNo": 7,
"laneType": null,
"coilNo": 7,
"volumeSum": 4,
"volumePerson": 0,
"volumeCarNon": 0,
"volumeCarSmall": 4,
"volumeCarMiddle": 0,
"volumeCarBig": 0,
"speedAvg": 49.15,
"timeOccupancy": 0.96,
"averageHeadway": 91.65,
"averageGap": 91.05,
"speed85": 54.0
},
{
"laneNo": 8,
"laneType": null,
"coilNo": 8,
"volumeSum": 1,
"volumePerson": 0,
"volumeCarNon": 0,
"volumeCarSmall": 1,
"volumeCarMiddle": 0,
"volumeCarBig": 0,
"speedAvg": 60.2,
"timeOccupancy": 0.17,
"averageHeadway": 50.3,
"averageGap": 49.7,
"speed85": 60.2
}]
}]
}
}

三、参考知乎文章链接

https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/461838868

四、HiveSQL

1.首先，解析出第一层、第二层、第三层JSON

select
       get_json_object(statistics_json,'$.deviceNo')          device_no,
       get_json_object(statistics_json,'$.sourceDeviceType')  source_device_type,
       get_json_object(statistics_json,'$.sn')                sn,
       get_json_object(statistics_json,'$.model')             model,
       get_json_object(statistics_json,'$.createTime')        create_time ,
       get_json_object(statistics_json,'$.data.cycle')        cycle,
       get_json_object(replace(replace(section_list,':{',':[{'),'}}','}]}'),'$.sectionNo') section_no,
       section_list
from hurys_dc_ods.ods_statistics
lateral view explode(split(replace(replace(replace(get_json_object(statistics_json,'$.data.sectionList'),'[',''),']',''),'},{"sectionNo"','}|{"sectionNo"'),"\\|")) tf as section_list
where day='2024-07-16'

2.然后，解析出coil_list字段里的第四层JSON

select
        t1.device_no,
        source_device_type,
        sn,
        model,
        create_time,
        cycle,
        get_json_object(coil_list,'$.laneNo')  lane_no,
        get_json_object(coil_list,'$.laneType')           lane_type,
        section_no,
        get_json_object(coil_list,'$.coilNo')             coil_no,
        get_json_object(coil_list,'$.volumeSum')          volume_sum,
        get_json_object(coil_list,'$.volumePerson')       volume_person,
        get_json_object(coil_list,'$.volumeCarNon')       volume_car_non,
        get_json_object(coil_list,'$.volumeCarSmall')     volume_car_small,
        get_json_object(coil_list,'$.volumeCarMiddle')    volume_car_middle,
        get_json_object(coil_list,'$.volumeCarBig')       volume_car_big,
        get_json_object(coil_list,'$.speedAvg')           speed_avg,
        get_json_object(coil_list,'$.speed85')            speed_85,
        get_json_object(coil_list,'$.timeOccupancy')      time_occupancy,
        get_json_object(coil_list,'$.averageHeadway')     average_headway,
        get_json_object(coil_list,'$.averageGap')         average_gap,
        substr(create_time,1,10) day
from (select
       get_json_object(statistics_json,'$.deviceNo')          device_no,
       get_json_object(statistics_json,'$.sourceDeviceType')  source_device_type,
       get_json_object(statistics_json,'$.sn')                sn,
       get_json_object(statistics_json,'$.model')             model,
       get_json_object(statistics_json,'$.createTime')        create_time ,
       get_json_object(statistics_json,'$.data.cycle')        cycle,
       get_json_object(replace(replace(section_list,':{',':[{'),'}}','}]}'),'$.sectionNo') section_no,
       section_list
from hurys_dc_ods.ods_statistics
lateral view explode(split(replace(replace(replace(get_json_object(statistics_json,'$.data.sectionList'),'[',''),']',''),'},{"sectionNo"','}|{"sectionNo"'),"\\|")) tf as section_list
where day='2024-07-16'
     ) as t1
lateral view explode(split(replace(replace(replace(get_json_object(replace(replace(section_list,':{',':[{'),'}}','}]}'),'$.coilList'),'[',''),']',''),'},','}|'),"\\|")) tf1 as coil_list;
;

3.运行SQL，验证一下

终于解决了，终于解决了！！！